![Intro to Biology & Biochemistry](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008281752_1-66161d90118b5e5b13898c962bb72350-300x300.png)
Intro to Biology & Biochemistry
... - the basic building blocks for the body - they contain the elements C, H, O, N, & sometimes S- they are made of monomers known as amino acids - polypeptides are long chains of amino acids - proteins are held ...
... - the basic building blocks for the body - they contain the elements C, H, O, N, & sometimes S- they are made of monomers known as amino acids - polypeptides are long chains of amino acids - proteins are held ...
Which of the following molecules is most likely to be used in a
... What is the correct order for these three processes leading from a fatty acid molecule in a cell needing energy to high energy molecules capable of meeting the energy need is I. activation by reaction with coenzyme A II. oxidation to acetyl-SCoA and reduced coenzymes III. transport from cytosol into ...
... What is the correct order for these three processes leading from a fatty acid molecule in a cell needing energy to high energy molecules capable of meeting the energy need is I. activation by reaction with coenzyme A II. oxidation to acetyl-SCoA and reduced coenzymes III. transport from cytosol into ...
Biochemistry 2
... Geometric isomers- Same covalent partnerships, but they differ in their spatial arrangements Enantiomers- isomers that are mirror images of each other Functional group- Chemical groups that affect molecular function by being directly involved in chemical reactions Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)- consi ...
... Geometric isomers- Same covalent partnerships, but they differ in their spatial arrangements Enantiomers- isomers that are mirror images of each other Functional group- Chemical groups that affect molecular function by being directly involved in chemical reactions Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)- consi ...
Biochemistry PPT
... Found in all cells Makes up the cell membrane 2 layers of phospholipids lipid bilayer ...
... Found in all cells Makes up the cell membrane 2 layers of phospholipids lipid bilayer ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting
... – but it’s inefficient • generate only 2 ATP for every 1 glucose ...
... – but it’s inefficient • generate only 2 ATP for every 1 glucose ...
Cellular Respiration
... ADP to ATP. For example, an active muscle cell recycles its ATP at a rate of about 10 million molecules per second! • Both fermentation and cellular respiration start with the same process – glycolysis. To understand how cells get energy from food, it is first essential to understand glycolysis. • F ...
... ADP to ATP. For example, an active muscle cell recycles its ATP at a rate of about 10 million molecules per second! • Both fermentation and cellular respiration start with the same process – glycolysis. To understand how cells get energy from food, it is first essential to understand glycolysis. • F ...
23. electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
... reach cytochrome aa3 or NADH, NAD , cytochrome oxidase, 2 FAD FADH which promotes the ADP ATP transfer of electrons to oxygen, the final O2 H 2O electron acceptor in Oxidative phosphorylation aerobic organisms. As each atom of oxygen accepts two electrons Fig. 23–2. The role of electron transfer and ...
... reach cytochrome aa3 or NADH, NAD , cytochrome oxidase, 2 FAD FADH which promotes the ADP ATP transfer of electrons to oxygen, the final O2 H 2O electron acceptor in Oxidative phosphorylation aerobic organisms. As each atom of oxygen accepts two electrons Fig. 23–2. The role of electron transfer and ...
In-Class Student Activity: Fate of carbon atoms during Cellular
... groups will have nothing to “pass on” to the A4 and B4 groups, yet only a small fraction of the ATP molecules that cellular respiration can release from a glucose molecule undergoing aerobic respiration has been generated. Have the “A” student groups and “B” student groups get together and discuss w ...
... groups will have nothing to “pass on” to the A4 and B4 groups, yet only a small fraction of the ATP molecules that cellular respiration can release from a glucose molecule undergoing aerobic respiration has been generated. Have the “A” student groups and “B” student groups get together and discuss w ...
2007
... T / F hydrolysis of glycerolipids releases glycerol 3-phosphate and fatty acids T / F The rate limiting step in fatty acid oxidation is the activation of free fatty acids with ATP T / F fatty acids are transported into mitochondria as acyl carnitine T / F β-oxidation of odd numbered fatty acids yiel ...
... T / F hydrolysis of glycerolipids releases glycerol 3-phosphate and fatty acids T / F The rate limiting step in fatty acid oxidation is the activation of free fatty acids with ATP T / F fatty acids are transported into mitochondria as acyl carnitine T / F β-oxidation of odd numbered fatty acids yiel ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Nerve activates contraction
... combined chemically Compound – two or more different atoms combined chemically ...
... combined chemically Compound – two or more different atoms combined chemically ...
Enzyme Notes - Ms. Fox's Science Spot
... • Enzymes lower the activation energy – They make it easier for the reaction to start like lowering a hurdle energy (kJ) ...
... • Enzymes lower the activation energy – They make it easier for the reaction to start like lowering a hurdle energy (kJ) ...
Chapter 26 - s3.amazonaws.com
... concentrations of ADP and Pi should be vastly greater than that of ATP However, a cell where this is true is dead Kinetic controls over catabolic pathways ensure that the [ATP]/[ADP][Pi] ratio stays very high This allows ATP hydrolysis to serve as the driving force for nearly all biochemical process ...
... concentrations of ADP and Pi should be vastly greater than that of ATP However, a cell where this is true is dead Kinetic controls over catabolic pathways ensure that the [ATP]/[ADP][Pi] ratio stays very high This allows ATP hydrolysis to serve as the driving force for nearly all biochemical process ...
Multiple Choice: Choose the one best answer to each question
... acetylcholine. If malathion was present…. a) the post synaptic cell would be less likely to depolarize when acetylcholine is released b) the post synaptic cell would be more likely to depolarize when acetylcholine is released 14) a)True/b)False: Saltatory conduction of an action potentials is fastes ...
... acetylcholine. If malathion was present…. a) the post synaptic cell would be less likely to depolarize when acetylcholine is released b) the post synaptic cell would be more likely to depolarize when acetylcholine is released 14) a)True/b)False: Saltatory conduction of an action potentials is fastes ...
Lecture 13: Fighting Entropy II: Respiration
... • In the presence of O2, pyruvate (generated by glycolysis) enters the mitochondrion from the cytoplasm • Prior to the start of the cycle, pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA, generating one molecule of NADH • The cycle then oxidizes acetyl CoA, generating 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 per ...
... • In the presence of O2, pyruvate (generated by glycolysis) enters the mitochondrion from the cytoplasm • Prior to the start of the cycle, pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA, generating one molecule of NADH • The cycle then oxidizes acetyl CoA, generating 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 per ...
Alcoholic fermentation
... …………………….. back to NAD+ so that the energy yielding phase of glycolysis can continue. In yeast, pyruvate is decarboxylated to ETHANAL (…..C), releasing …………….. . The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase then ……………….. ETHANAL to ETHANOL (…..C), at the same time ………………… NADH back to ……………. . CH3CHO + NADH ...
... …………………….. back to NAD+ so that the energy yielding phase of glycolysis can continue. In yeast, pyruvate is decarboxylated to ETHANAL (…..C), releasing …………….. . The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase then ……………….. ETHANAL to ETHANOL (…..C), at the same time ………………… NADH back to ……………. . CH3CHO + NADH ...
GLYCOLYSIS AND FERMENTATION
... kinetochore fibers move the chromosomes to the cell equator. Anaphase: the chromatids in each chromosome divide and move toward opposite poles of the cell. Telophase: the mitotic spindle ...
... kinetochore fibers move the chromosomes to the cell equator. Anaphase: the chromatids in each chromosome divide and move toward opposite poles of the cell. Telophase: the mitotic spindle ...
3.2 Metabolism of cardiac muscle cell
... Myocardium is able to produce energy from several substrates: fatty acids, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies and even aminoacids. Preference of individual substrates representing the particular sources of energy depends on their current concentration in both blood and cardiac muscle cells. T ...
... Myocardium is able to produce energy from several substrates: fatty acids, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies and even aminoacids. Preference of individual substrates representing the particular sources of energy depends on their current concentration in both blood and cardiac muscle cells. T ...
CfE Higher Human Biology Unit 1 Human Cells
... I can explain how the high energy electrons release energy, which is then used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane, activating ATP synthase and producing ATP. I can state that oxygen is the final hydrogen acceptor in the electron transport chain, and combines with hydrogen to produce water. I ...
... I can explain how the high energy electrons release energy, which is then used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane, activating ATP synthase and producing ATP. I can state that oxygen is the final hydrogen acceptor in the electron transport chain, and combines with hydrogen to produce water. I ...
video slide
... as an end product, with no release of CO2 fungi and bacteria -- cheese and yogurt muscle cells -- lactic acid fermentation ...
... as an end product, with no release of CO2 fungi and bacteria -- cheese and yogurt muscle cells -- lactic acid fermentation ...
Cellular Respiration
... Dump the electrons and protons they’ve gathered throughout glycolysis and the citric acid cycle Again, • O2 + 2e- + 2H+ H2O Electrons are passed through a number of proteins The chain’s function is to break the large freeenergy drop from food to O2 into smaller steps that release energy in ...
... Dump the electrons and protons they’ve gathered throughout glycolysis and the citric acid cycle Again, • O2 + 2e- + 2H+ H2O Electrons are passed through a number of proteins The chain’s function is to break the large freeenergy drop from food to O2 into smaller steps that release energy in ...
PP - Chemistry Courses: About
... • Concept: Phosphoryl group transfer potential • Chemical logic? ...
... • Concept: Phosphoryl group transfer potential • Chemical logic? ...
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL
... Cellular respiration does not oxidize glucose in a single step that transfers all the hydrogen in the fuel to oxygen at one time. o Rather, glucose and other fuels are broken down in a series of steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme. ...
... Cellular respiration does not oxidize glucose in a single step that transfers all the hydrogen in the fuel to oxygen at one time. o Rather, glucose and other fuels are broken down in a series of steps, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme. ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.