as a PDF
... The acute phase is less studied nowadays due to the small number of detected cases and its relatively short duration (12 months). In the acute phase, in addition to high parasitemia, parasites may be found in practically all tissues and organs as intracellular amastigotes, accompanied by infiltratio ...
... The acute phase is less studied nowadays due to the small number of detected cases and its relatively short duration (12 months). In the acute phase, in addition to high parasitemia, parasites may be found in practically all tissues and organs as intracellular amastigotes, accompanied by infiltratio ...
Biologically Active Oxylipins from Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic
... major algal PUFA, including the human-essential linoleic (1) and α-linolenic (2) acids, as well as stearidonic (3), eicosapentaenoic (4), and docosahexaenoic (5) acids (Figure 1), are not only important membrane components, but may also be involved in the regulation of physiological processes, by se ...
... major algal PUFA, including the human-essential linoleic (1) and α-linolenic (2) acids, as well as stearidonic (3), eicosapentaenoic (4), and docosahexaenoic (5) acids (Figure 1), are not only important membrane components, but may also be involved in the regulation of physiological processes, by se ...
Fibrous Proteins
... Ehlers Danlos mostly affects Type III collagen (blood vessels) EDS can result from: ...
... Ehlers Danlos mostly affects Type III collagen (blood vessels) EDS can result from: ...
Balancing between respiration and fermentation - UvA-DARE
... Yeastt cells are confronted with drastic changes in the availability of nutrients in their environment.. They have developed specific regulatory systems to sense the presence, type and concentrationn of a carbon source in order to carry out the metabolic functions most appropriate too the situation ...
... Yeastt cells are confronted with drastic changes in the availability of nutrients in their environment.. They have developed specific regulatory systems to sense the presence, type and concentrationn of a carbon source in order to carry out the metabolic functions most appropriate too the situation ...
Peroxisomes and peroxisomal disorders: The main facts
... thiolytic cleavage. After each cycle, fatty acids are shortened of two carbon atoms which are released as acetyl-CoA (Lazarow and De Duve 1976; Rinaldo et al., 2002; Wanders, 2004) (Figure ...
... thiolytic cleavage. After each cycle, fatty acids are shortened of two carbon atoms which are released as acetyl-CoA (Lazarow and De Duve 1976; Rinaldo et al., 2002; Wanders, 2004) (Figure ...
melatonin and succinate reduce rat liver mitochondrial dysfunction
... activities. Diabetes resulted in significant impairments of rat tissues and organs: the kidney weight / body weight ratio increased in diabetic rats (Table 1). In our experiments, the melatonin injection to diabetic animals, but not succinate or melatonin plus succinate, recovered this parameter to ...
... activities. Diabetes resulted in significant impairments of rat tissues and organs: the kidney weight / body weight ratio increased in diabetic rats (Table 1). In our experiments, the melatonin injection to diabetic animals, but not succinate or melatonin plus succinate, recovered this parameter to ...
Regulation of Exogenous and Endogenous Glucose Metabolism by
... metabolic fuels to myocardial energy production (1). Glucose plays an important role in myocardial energy metabolism, providing ATP through both glycolysis and oxidation in the citric acid cycle. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the uptake of glucose by the heart is regulated by insulin. Furt ...
... metabolic fuels to myocardial energy production (1). Glucose plays an important role in myocardial energy metabolism, providing ATP through both glycolysis and oxidation in the citric acid cycle. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the uptake of glucose by the heart is regulated by insulin. Furt ...
EFFECTS OF INSULIN DEFICIENCY ON EXERCISE
... the main nutrients. Its main function is to stimulate glucose uptake and disposal or utilization by the cells and thus to decrease blood glucose concentration. However, it also inhibits breakdown of proteins and lipids and promotes their synthesis. Type 1 diabetes is a disease in which insulin secre ...
... the main nutrients. Its main function is to stimulate glucose uptake and disposal or utilization by the cells and thus to decrease blood glucose concentration. However, it also inhibits breakdown of proteins and lipids and promotes their synthesis. Type 1 diabetes is a disease in which insulin secre ...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
... pool from a number of sources including dietary cholesterol, as well as cholesterol synthesized de novo by extrahepatic tissues and by the liver itself. • Cholesterol is eliminated from the liver as unmodified cholesterol in the bile, or it can be converted to bile salts that are secreted into the i ...
... pool from a number of sources including dietary cholesterol, as well as cholesterol synthesized de novo by extrahepatic tissues and by the liver itself. • Cholesterol is eliminated from the liver as unmodified cholesterol in the bile, or it can be converted to bile salts that are secreted into the i ...
BLUEPRINT OF THE CORE TOPICS IN BIOCHEMISTRY
... _D__46. Increases in all of the following constitute positive signals for glycogen breakdown EXCEPT: A. calcium ions C. epinephrine B. cyclic AMP D. blood glucose _C__47. Muscle glycogen cannot contribute directly to blood glucose level because: A. Muscle does not have the enzyme glucokinase B. Musc ...
... _D__46. Increases in all of the following constitute positive signals for glycogen breakdown EXCEPT: A. calcium ions C. epinephrine B. cyclic AMP D. blood glucose _C__47. Muscle glycogen cannot contribute directly to blood glucose level because: A. Muscle does not have the enzyme glucokinase B. Musc ...
The blood sugar concentration or blood glucose
... 1.2.2.6 Blood glucose concentration: It is the amount of glucose present in the blood of a human or animal. The body naturally tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis. Glucose is a primary source of energy for the body's cells, and blood lipids, which are primarily ...
... 1.2.2.6 Blood glucose concentration: It is the amount of glucose present in the blood of a human or animal. The body naturally tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis. Glucose is a primary source of energy for the body's cells, and blood lipids, which are primarily ...
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle-Dependent Regulation of Staphylococcus
... regulatory network is responsible for responding to some environmental stresses (i.e., osmotic stress) but is only minimally involved in responding to nutritional signals (e.g., glucose), suggesting that there are other means for S. epidermidis to “sense” nutritional signals (18, 35, 52). Previously ...
... regulatory network is responsible for responding to some environmental stresses (i.e., osmotic stress) but is only minimally involved in responding to nutritional signals (e.g., glucose), suggesting that there are other means for S. epidermidis to “sense” nutritional signals (18, 35, 52). Previously ...
Ca2+ Ions and the Output of Acetylcoenzyme A from Brain
... Ca 2 + lost its activity after treatment of the mitochondria with ether (Tuček 1967) or with Triton X-100 (Benjamin and Quastel 1981); both of these agents apparently removed the permeability barrier preventing acetyl-CoA from leaving the mitochondria, as indicated by the increased output of acetyl- ...
... Ca 2 + lost its activity after treatment of the mitochondria with ether (Tuček 1967) or with Triton X-100 (Benjamin and Quastel 1981); both of these agents apparently removed the permeability barrier preventing acetyl-CoA from leaving the mitochondria, as indicated by the increased output of acetyl- ...
Document
... An Accounting of ATP Production by Cellular Respiration • During cellular respiration, most energy flows in this sequence: glucose NADH electron transport chain proton-motive force ATP • About 34% of the energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during cellular respiration, making ...
... An Accounting of ATP Production by Cellular Respiration • During cellular respiration, most energy flows in this sequence: glucose NADH electron transport chain proton-motive force ATP • About 34% of the energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during cellular respiration, making ...
GLYCOGENOLYSIS AND GLYCOLYSIS IN MUSCLE
... amounts of starch are very useful to us as foodstuffs. Plants also link glucose molecules together in a complex pattern to form cellulose for structural purposes, but humans lack the enzymes necessary to digest this glucose polymer. There are numerous dietary sources of glucose, including starches, ...
... amounts of starch are very useful to us as foodstuffs. Plants also link glucose molecules together in a complex pattern to form cellulose for structural purposes, but humans lack the enzymes necessary to digest this glucose polymer. There are numerous dietary sources of glucose, including starches, ...
Gluconeogenesis differs in developing chick embryos derived from
... the various fates of this [M+3]pyruvate is carboxylation to [M+3]oxaloacetate (via pyruvate carboxylase) in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and, via operation of cytosolic or mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, conversion of this [M+3]oxaloacetate to [M+3]phosphoneolpyruvate, the lat ...
... the various fates of this [M+3]pyruvate is carboxylation to [M+3]oxaloacetate (via pyruvate carboxylase) in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and, via operation of cytosolic or mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, conversion of this [M+3]oxaloacetate to [M+3]phosphoneolpyruvate, the lat ...
REGULATION OF PYRUVATE KINASE AND GLYCEROL
... osmotically resulting in higher intracellular concentrations of solutes that further reduce the temperature at which intracellular freezing could occur. In the frozen state, individual cells are isolated from their environment and yet metabolism must continue to maintain viability despite the fact t ...
... osmotically resulting in higher intracellular concentrations of solutes that further reduce the temperature at which intracellular freezing could occur. In the frozen state, individual cells are isolated from their environment and yet metabolism must continue to maintain viability despite the fact t ...
Dr. V. Main Powerpoint
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
as a PDF
... marlin, striped marlin and Mediterranean spearfish), xiphiid billfishes (Pacific and Mediterranean stocks) and a scombrid fish (butterfly mackerel) were included in the analysis. Our main objectives were (1) to assess the maximum possible substrate flux in heater tissue, and (2) to determine what me ...
... marlin, striped marlin and Mediterranean spearfish), xiphiid billfishes (Pacific and Mediterranean stocks) and a scombrid fish (butterfly mackerel) were included in the analysis. Our main objectives were (1) to assess the maximum possible substrate flux in heater tissue, and (2) to determine what me ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... tributes to the synthesis of NADPH, as the enzyme also has a function in the generation of 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) ...
... tributes to the synthesis of NADPH, as the enzyme also has a function in the generation of 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... tributes to the synthesis of NADPH, as the enzyme also has a function in the generation of 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) ...
... tributes to the synthesis of NADPH, as the enzyme also has a function in the generation of 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) ...
SAFETY CONCERNS OF THE REPEATED ADMINISTRATION OF YOYO BITTERS IN... WISTAR RATS Research Article
... constituents that could have interacted with one another in solution, thereby posing some difficulties in their characterization [3]. Herbal supplements are administered in most clinical conditions over a long period of time, without the consideration of toxic effects that might result from such pro ...
... constituents that could have interacted with one another in solution, thereby posing some difficulties in their characterization [3]. Herbal supplements are administered in most clinical conditions over a long period of time, without the consideration of toxic effects that might result from such pro ...
Glycolytic strategy as a tradeoff between energy yield and protein cost
... (G3P and dihydroxyacetone phosphate), both of which are used to produce ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation in lower glycolysis (2, 7) (Fig. 1B). In the ED pathway, glucose is phosphorylated only once and oxidized to 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (KDPG), which is cleaved into one pyruvat ...
... (G3P and dihydroxyacetone phosphate), both of which are used to produce ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation in lower glycolysis (2, 7) (Fig. 1B). In the ED pathway, glucose is phosphorylated only once and oxidized to 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (KDPG), which is cleaved into one pyruvat ...
Regulation of intermediary metabolism by protein acetylation
... proteins. Furthermore, acetylation of N-terminal residues, which is a conserved and widespread modification of most nascent proteins in eukaryotes and catalyzed by a different family of enzymes, N-aacetyltransferases (NATs) with narrow specificity [64], complicates such an approach because labeling ...
... proteins. Furthermore, acetylation of N-terminal residues, which is a conserved and widespread modification of most nascent proteins in eukaryotes and catalyzed by a different family of enzymes, N-aacetyltransferases (NATs) with narrow specificity [64], complicates such an approach because labeling ...
Acute hibernation decreases myocardial pyruvate carboxylation and
... Received 3 April 2001; accepted in final form 25 May 2001 ...
... Received 3 April 2001; accepted in final form 25 May 2001 ...
Glyceroneogenesis
Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway which synthesizes glycerol 3-phosphate or triglyceride from precursors other than glucose. Usually glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by glycolysis, but when glucose concentration drops in the cytosol, it is generated by another pathway called glyceroneogenesis. Glyceroneogenesis uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine or any substances from the TCA cycle as precursors for glycerol 3-phophate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K), which is an enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway which regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes.