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... function impairment in multiple tissues and organs. The metabolism of fructose is quite different from glucose in catabolic reaction, as well as metabolite and regulatory mechanism. Fructose is metabolized in liver via fructolysis, and the primary metabolites and by-products include glucose, lactate ...
... function impairment in multiple tissues and organs. The metabolism of fructose is quite different from glucose in catabolic reaction, as well as metabolite and regulatory mechanism. Fructose is metabolized in liver via fructolysis, and the primary metabolites and by-products include glucose, lactate ...
Characterization of the Plasmodium falciparum and P. berghei
... in minimal media lacking glycerol unless complemented with a functional enzyme (Bell, 1974). To test Pf apiG3PAT for activity, we transformed mutant bacteria with a vector encoding a hexahistidine-tagged version of the protein (without the apicoplast targeting sequence), then monitored for growth on ...
... in minimal media lacking glycerol unless complemented with a functional enzyme (Bell, 1974). To test Pf apiG3PAT for activity, we transformed mutant bacteria with a vector encoding a hexahistidine-tagged version of the protein (without the apicoplast targeting sequence), then monitored for growth on ...
Regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
... the glycolytic pathway to the oxidative pathway of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Acetyl-CoA generated by the PDC also serves as a precursor for lipid biosynthesis in certain tissues under the conditions of carbohydrate/energy excess (fed condition). Due to the fact that approx. 50% of daily calorie ...
... the glycolytic pathway to the oxidative pathway of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Acetyl-CoA generated by the PDC also serves as a precursor for lipid biosynthesis in certain tissues under the conditions of carbohydrate/energy excess (fed condition). Due to the fact that approx. 50% of daily calorie ...
Metabolism of Neoplastic Tissue XII. Effects of Glucose
... dation over prolonged periods in the face of a rapid conversón of glucose to lactic acid is in accord with the generally accepted view that oxidation of both substances to C02 proceeds via a common inter mediate such as pyruvic acid. It suggests further that glucose oxidation in these ascites cells ...
... dation over prolonged periods in the face of a rapid conversón of glucose to lactic acid is in accord with the generally accepted view that oxidation of both substances to C02 proceeds via a common inter mediate such as pyruvic acid. It suggests further that glucose oxidation in these ascites cells ...
Biochemistry of Ensiling - DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska
... become complex when interactions among plant enzymes and the activities of numerous microbial species become involved. The desired effect is the conversion of simple plant sugars such as glucose and fructose to lactic acid by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in an anaerobic fermentation. When sufficient l ...
... become complex when interactions among plant enzymes and the activities of numerous microbial species become involved. The desired effect is the conversion of simple plant sugars such as glucose and fructose to lactic acid by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in an anaerobic fermentation. When sufficient l ...
BIOCHEMISTRY
... Historically, Biochemistry is intimately related to Organic Chemistry, which deals with the chemical properties of compounds that make part of living matter, and to Physiology, which deals with the functions of living organisms. The terms “physiological chemistry” and “biochemistry” as equivalent co ...
... Historically, Biochemistry is intimately related to Organic Chemistry, which deals with the chemical properties of compounds that make part of living matter, and to Physiology, which deals with the functions of living organisms. The terms “physiological chemistry” and “biochemistry” as equivalent co ...
Perspective: emerging evidence for signaling roles of mitochondrial
... 2004.—The importance of mitochondrial biosynthesis in stimulus secretion coupling in the insulin-producing -cell probably equals that of ATP production. In glucose-induced insulin secretion, the rate of pyruvate carboxylation is very high and correlates more strongly with the glucose concentration ...
... 2004.—The importance of mitochondrial biosynthesis in stimulus secretion coupling in the insulin-producing -cell probably equals that of ATP production. In glucose-induced insulin secretion, the rate of pyruvate carboxylation is very high and correlates more strongly with the glucose concentration ...
Isoprenoid metabolism: cholesterol and the others
... means that starved cells will not embark on a hugely expensive synthesis such as that of cholesterol and, on the other hand, in times of plenty cholesterol will be produced in abundance. The phosphorylation of hmg-CoA is also regulated by two important metabolic hormones: insulin and glucagon. Both ...
... means that starved cells will not embark on a hugely expensive synthesis such as that of cholesterol and, on the other hand, in times of plenty cholesterol will be produced in abundance. The phosphorylation of hmg-CoA is also regulated by two important metabolic hormones: insulin and glucagon. Both ...
High-resolution analysis of metabolic cycles in the intertidal mussel
... Metabolomic profiling identified a total of 169 named compounds in gill samples isolated from mussels during a simulated tidal regime. To identify metabolites whose abundance was linked to the tidal cycle, we used the JTK_CYCLE algorithm to identify 24 metabolites that exhibited statistically signif ...
... Metabolomic profiling identified a total of 169 named compounds in gill samples isolated from mussels during a simulated tidal regime. To identify metabolites whose abundance was linked to the tidal cycle, we used the JTK_CYCLE algorithm to identify 24 metabolites that exhibited statistically signif ...
20 Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
... and aerobic exercise program of daily tennis and jogging (see Chapter 19). He has lost a total of 33 lb and is just 23 lb from his college weight of 154 lb. His exercise capacity has markedly improved; he can run for a longer time at a faster pace before noting shortness of breath or palpitations of ...
... and aerobic exercise program of daily tennis and jogging (see Chapter 19). He has lost a total of 33 lb and is just 23 lb from his college weight of 154 lb. His exercise capacity has markedly improved; he can run for a longer time at a faster pace before noting shortness of breath or palpitations of ...
Міністерство охорони здоров`я України Харківський
... Such a molecule is known as zwitterion, from the German term meaning “double ion”. A zwitterion is a molecule that has a positive charge on one atom and the negative charge on another atom. The net charge on a zwitterion is zero even though parts of the molecule carry charges. Zwitterion structure c ...
... Such a molecule is known as zwitterion, from the German term meaning “double ion”. A zwitterion is a molecule that has a positive charge on one atom and the negative charge on another atom. The net charge on a zwitterion is zero even though parts of the molecule carry charges. Zwitterion structure c ...
GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS: A GLUCOSE SENSOR ROLE IN PANCREATIC ISLETS AND HEPATOCYTE
... Type 1 diabetes: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas leading to insulin deficiency. The majority of type 1 diabetes is of the immune-mediated nature, where beta cell loss is a T-cell mediated autoimmune att ...
... Type 1 diabetes: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas leading to insulin deficiency. The majority of type 1 diabetes is of the immune-mediated nature, where beta cell loss is a T-cell mediated autoimmune att ...
The Effect of Arsenic on Liver Tissue of Experimental Animals
... arsenic (9)(8). Therefore fishes are usually considered as organism of choice for assessing the effects of environmental pollution on aquatic ecosystem and the body blood parameters of the fish have been used as indicators of environmental risk and also, the assay of the enzymes activities aspartate ...
... arsenic (9)(8). Therefore fishes are usually considered as organism of choice for assessing the effects of environmental pollution on aquatic ecosystem and the body blood parameters of the fish have been used as indicators of environmental risk and also, the assay of the enzymes activities aspartate ...
cholesterol and lipo..
... HMG- CoA reductase is the key (rate limiting) enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. It is regulated by: 1- Feed back inhibition by cholesterol: Cholesterol (the end product of the pathway) acts as feed back inhibitor of the pre-existing HMG –CoA reductase as well as inducing rapid degradation o ...
... HMG- CoA reductase is the key (rate limiting) enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. It is regulated by: 1- Feed back inhibition by cholesterol: Cholesterol (the end product of the pathway) acts as feed back inhibitor of the pre-existing HMG –CoA reductase as well as inducing rapid degradation o ...
Genetic Disorders of Mitochondrial and Peroxisomal Fatty Acid
... units produced during |3 oxidation into the ketone bodies acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. These are important fuels for certain organs, especially the brain. Fatty acids are the main source of energy in the heart. Indeed, under normal conditions 60% to 70% of the energy requirements of the heart ...
... units produced during |3 oxidation into the ketone bodies acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. These are important fuels for certain organs, especially the brain. Fatty acids are the main source of energy in the heart. Indeed, under normal conditions 60% to 70% of the energy requirements of the heart ...
Modulation of glucokinase by glucose, small
... affinity and positive co-operativity for substrate glucose, and is not susceptible to product (glucose 6-phosphate) inhibition [2,3]. These properties are critical to the role GK plays as the glucose sensor. Given its pivotal role in regulating glucose homoeostasis, there has been significant intere ...
... affinity and positive co-operativity for substrate glucose, and is not susceptible to product (glucose 6-phosphate) inhibition [2,3]. These properties are critical to the role GK plays as the glucose sensor. Given its pivotal role in regulating glucose homoeostasis, there has been significant intere ...
25-2 Carbohydrate Metabolism
... • 25-4 Summarize the main processes of protein metabolism, and discuss the use of protein as an energy source. • 25-5 Differentiate between the absorptive and postabsorptive metabolic states, and summarize the characteristics of each. © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • 25-4 Summarize the main processes of protein metabolism, and discuss the use of protein as an energy source. • 25-5 Differentiate between the absorptive and postabsorptive metabolic states, and summarize the characteristics of each. © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Slide 1
... Stage 2: Pyruvate Oxidation and The Citric Acid Cycle Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix Pyruvate Oxidation – The pyruvate formed in glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into mitochondrial matrix (NOTE: Only IF O2 present) – Two molecules of pyruvate are produced for each molecule of gluc ...
... Stage 2: Pyruvate Oxidation and The Citric Acid Cycle Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix Pyruvate Oxidation – The pyruvate formed in glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into mitochondrial matrix (NOTE: Only IF O2 present) – Two molecules of pyruvate are produced for each molecule of gluc ...
Glycogen Metabolism
... After eating, blood glucose is high because liver cannot store it as glycogen. Some excess glucose is processed via Glycolysis to produce lactate & fatty acid precursors. During fasting, glucose is low because the liver lacks glycogen stores for generation of glucose. Ketone bodies are produced ...
... After eating, blood glucose is high because liver cannot store it as glycogen. Some excess glucose is processed via Glycolysis to produce lactate & fatty acid precursors. During fasting, glucose is low because the liver lacks glycogen stores for generation of glucose. Ketone bodies are produced ...
Glycogen Metabolism
... After eating, blood glucose is high because liver cannot store it as glycogen. Some excess glucose is processed via Glycolysis to produce lactate & fatty acid precursors. During fasting, glucose is low because the liver lacks glycogen stores for generation of glucose. Ketone bodies are produced ...
... After eating, blood glucose is high because liver cannot store it as glycogen. Some excess glucose is processed via Glycolysis to produce lactate & fatty acid precursors. During fasting, glucose is low because the liver lacks glycogen stores for generation of glucose. Ketone bodies are produced ...
Purification and Some: Characteristics of a Monomeric Racemase
... of other alanine racemases (2, 3, 9, 17) were unsuccessful. This was probably due to the very little amount of purified enzyme obtained, which was only 0.026mg (Table 1). Nevertheless, PLP requirement must be confirmed by further studies. As demonstrated in this study, the enz:lme from T. thermophil ...
... of other alanine racemases (2, 3, 9, 17) were unsuccessful. This was probably due to the very little amount of purified enzyme obtained, which was only 0.026mg (Table 1). Nevertheless, PLP requirement must be confirmed by further studies. As demonstrated in this study, the enz:lme from T. thermophil ...
clinical biochemistry
... Enzymes also often exist in different molecular forms and vary from one individual to another. Allelic genes are alternative forms of a gene that occur at a particular locus and give rise to gene products with the same function. The isoenzymes which result from allelic genes are called allelozymes. ...
... Enzymes also often exist in different molecular forms and vary from one individual to another. Allelic genes are alternative forms of a gene that occur at a particular locus and give rise to gene products with the same function. The isoenzymes which result from allelic genes are called allelozymes. ...
Fructose: Metabolic, Hedonic, and Societal
... have been postulated to contribute to the metabolic syndrome (2,3). Some suggest that specific dietary fats, such as saturated and trans fats, are the culprit (4-6), while others suggest that a deficiency of monounsaturated lipids, such as olive oil (oleic acid) (7) or linoleic acid (8), are implica ...
... have been postulated to contribute to the metabolic syndrome (2,3). Some suggest that specific dietary fats, such as saturated and trans fats, are the culprit (4-6), while others suggest that a deficiency of monounsaturated lipids, such as olive oil (oleic acid) (7) or linoleic acid (8), are implica ...
Glyceroneogenesis
Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway which synthesizes glycerol 3-phosphate or triglyceride from precursors other than glucose. Usually glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by glycolysis, but when glucose concentration drops in the cytosol, it is generated by another pathway called glyceroneogenesis. Glyceroneogenesis uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine or any substances from the TCA cycle as precursors for glycerol 3-phophate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K), which is an enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway which regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes.