Fructose: Metabolic, Hedonic, and Societal
... have been postulated to contribute to the metabolic syndrome (2,3). Some suggest that specific dietary fats, such as saturated and trans fats, are the culprit (4-6), while others suggest that a deficiency of monounsaturated lipids, such as olive oil (oleic acid) (7) or linoleic acid (8), are implica ...
... have been postulated to contribute to the metabolic syndrome (2,3). Some suggest that specific dietary fats, such as saturated and trans fats, are the culprit (4-6), while others suggest that a deficiency of monounsaturated lipids, such as olive oil (oleic acid) (7) or linoleic acid (8), are implica ...
Influence of hepatic ammonia removal on ureagenesis, amino acid
... The experiment was arranged as a 3 × 3 Latin square with three experimental periods each of 100 h separated by a 15 d interval. Throughout each experimental period the sheep were infused into the mesenteric vein catheter with one of: physiological saline (0⋅15 M-NaCl), 0⋅45 M-NH 4HCO 3 or 1⋅2 M-NH 4 ...
... The experiment was arranged as a 3 × 3 Latin square with three experimental periods each of 100 h separated by a 15 d interval. Throughout each experimental period the sheep were infused into the mesenteric vein catheter with one of: physiological saline (0⋅15 M-NaCl), 0⋅45 M-NH 4HCO 3 or 1⋅2 M-NH 4 ...
Effect of salinity on growth of green alga Botryococcus braunii and
... Director, CFTRI for his encouragement. References ...
... Director, CFTRI for his encouragement. References ...
CHAPTER 1 1.1 Introduction In many developing countries, herbal
... from a decreased sensitivity to insulin. As an alternate to the use of drugs that mimic the insulin effect or enhances insulin release, it has been suggested that weight modulation may be a better treatment modality,as weight loss is known to improve insulin sensitivity, overall glycaemic control an ...
... from a decreased sensitivity to insulin. As an alternate to the use of drugs that mimic the insulin effect or enhances insulin release, it has been suggested that weight modulation may be a better treatment modality,as weight loss is known to improve insulin sensitivity, overall glycaemic control an ...
Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor
... (VLDL) triglyceride and plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity levels. Furthermore, VLDL has been shown to induce PAI-1 secretion from cultured endothelial cells. In contrast, no or variable effects on PAI-1 secretion have been reported for native low density lipoprotein. It could ...
... (VLDL) triglyceride and plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity levels. Furthermore, VLDL has been shown to induce PAI-1 secretion from cultured endothelial cells. In contrast, no or variable effects on PAI-1 secretion have been reported for native low density lipoprotein. It could ...
Hepatotoxicity Induced by Arsenic Trioxide in Adult Mice and Their
... (Tunisia). After a one-week adaptation period in a room with controlled temperature (22±2◦C) and lighting (12 h-light/12 h dark), female mice were mated with males. A sperm-positive vaginal smear was taken to indicate the first day of pregnancy. They were housed individually in polycarbonate cages a ...
... (Tunisia). After a one-week adaptation period in a room with controlled temperature (22±2◦C) and lighting (12 h-light/12 h dark), female mice were mated with males. A sperm-positive vaginal smear was taken to indicate the first day of pregnancy. They were housed individually in polycarbonate cages a ...
Translocation of Photosynthate - Academic Resources at Missouri
... Both cell division (cytokinins) and cell elongation (auxins) ...
... Both cell division (cytokinins) and cell elongation (auxins) ...
Fatty Acid Synthesis in Protozoan Parasites: Unusual Pathways and
... 60-70% of heterozygotes progeny die in utero. The fate of the developing embryos is unaffected by the fatty acid content of the parental diet, indicating that de novo fatty acid synthesis is an absolute requirement for mammalian development [23, 24]. While these experiments confirm that a lack of fa ...
... 60-70% of heterozygotes progeny die in utero. The fate of the developing embryos is unaffected by the fatty acid content of the parental diet, indicating that de novo fatty acid synthesis is an absolute requirement for mammalian development [23, 24]. While these experiments confirm that a lack of fa ...
Science Course Outline Template
... functions of enzymes; the metabolic working of cells, tissues and organs; the interrelationships between pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism; the vital roles of enzymes and hormones in catalysis and metabolic regulation; the energy-trapping mechanisms of animals and plants; and ...
... functions of enzymes; the metabolic working of cells, tissues and organs; the interrelationships between pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism; the vital roles of enzymes and hormones in catalysis and metabolic regulation; the energy-trapping mechanisms of animals and plants; and ...
Malonyl-CoA and AMP-activated protein kinase: An expanding
... substrate for the upstream kinase, AMPK kinase. CP – Creatine phosphate; AMPKK – AMP-activated protein kinase kinase; ACC – acetyl CoA carboxylase; FFA – free fatty acid. ...
... substrate for the upstream kinase, AMPK kinase. CP – Creatine phosphate; AMPKK – AMP-activated protein kinase kinase; ACC – acetyl CoA carboxylase; FFA – free fatty acid. ...
Document
... Formation of Ketone Bodies Ketone bodies form • if large amounts of acetyl CoA accumulate. • when two acetyl CoA molecules form acetoacetyl CoA. • when acetoacetyl CoA hydrolyzes to acetoacetate. • when acetoacetate reduces to b-hydroxybutyrate or loses CO2 to form acetone, both ketone bodies. ...
... Formation of Ketone Bodies Ketone bodies form • if large amounts of acetyl CoA accumulate. • when two acetyl CoA molecules form acetoacetyl CoA. • when acetoacetyl CoA hydrolyzes to acetoacetate. • when acetoacetate reduces to b-hydroxybutyrate or loses CO2 to form acetone, both ketone bodies. ...
Unit: Carbohydrates (Glucose)
... readily oxidize fatty acids and ketone for energy purposes. Plasma glucose levels are maintained during fasting by mobilization of liver and muscle glycogen. The liver is the main organ for the storage of excess carbohydrate as glycogen. Skeletal and heart muscles can also store minor amounts of mus ...
... readily oxidize fatty acids and ketone for energy purposes. Plasma glucose levels are maintained during fasting by mobilization of liver and muscle glycogen. The liver is the main organ for the storage of excess carbohydrate as glycogen. Skeletal and heart muscles can also store minor amounts of mus ...
Growth-Environment Dependent Modulation of
... fatty acid composition was radically different with SCUFAs, which increase membrane fluidity, ...
... fatty acid composition was radically different with SCUFAs, which increase membrane fluidity, ...
Metabolic pathways in Anopheles stephensi mitochondria
... mitochondria. However, the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate proceeds through the enzymatic action of malate dehydrogenase in mammalian mitochondria, and because the K eq of this enzyme favours the formation of malate, oxaloacetate must be immediately removed by citrate synthase, a reaction that p ...
... mitochondria. However, the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate proceeds through the enzymatic action of malate dehydrogenase in mammalian mitochondria, and because the K eq of this enzyme favours the formation of malate, oxaloacetate must be immediately removed by citrate synthase, a reaction that p ...
Glycogen storage diseases - Journal of Clinical Pathology
... glycogenosis Hers demonstrated the absence of an ac-: 4-glucosidase, which normally splits any glycogen enclosed within the lysosome into maltose and glucose. In the absence of the enzyme glycogen accumulates in increasing amounts and with the electron microscope a large aggregation can be seen surr ...
... glycogenosis Hers demonstrated the absence of an ac-: 4-glucosidase, which normally splits any glycogen enclosed within the lysosome into maltose and glucose. In the absence of the enzyme glycogen accumulates in increasing amounts and with the electron microscope a large aggregation can be seen surr ...
Reactions of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
... •Aldolase cleaves fructose-1,6-bisphosphate under intracellular conditions, even though the equilibrium lies far toward fructose-1,6bisphosphate under standard conditions. ...
... •Aldolase cleaves fructose-1,6-bisphosphate under intracellular conditions, even though the equilibrium lies far toward fructose-1,6bisphosphate under standard conditions. ...
Glucose metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi
... licative intracellular amastigote and the bloodstream trypomastigote, released from infected cells into the blood. Most biochemical studies on this parasite have been performed with epimastigotes, which can be readily grown in axenic culture; some studies have been conducted with the other parasite ...
... licative intracellular amastigote and the bloodstream trypomastigote, released from infected cells into the blood. Most biochemical studies on this parasite have been performed with epimastigotes, which can be readily grown in axenic culture; some studies have been conducted with the other parasite ...
Fatty Acid Metabolism - University of San Diego Home Pages
... Biosynthesis of fatty acids This pathway occurs in the cytosol. 2 carbon are added at a time to produce acetyl CoA. The precursors are from glucose and amino acids. This is distinct from ß oxidation- it is a reductive process and uses NADPH. It takes place in the cytosol. A 3 carbon acid malonyl-CoA ...
... Biosynthesis of fatty acids This pathway occurs in the cytosol. 2 carbon are added at a time to produce acetyl CoA. The precursors are from glucose and amino acids. This is distinct from ß oxidation- it is a reductive process and uses NADPH. It takes place in the cytosol. A 3 carbon acid malonyl-CoA ...
Introduction
... Lesson 1 Control of the knowledge initial level. Adoption of principles of biochemical laboratory research perfomance. Justification and clinical diagnostic value of biochemical indices changes ………….….....………..9 Lesson 2 Methods of studing amino acid composition of biological liquids ……...………....... ...
... Lesson 1 Control of the knowledge initial level. Adoption of principles of biochemical laboratory research perfomance. Justification and clinical diagnostic value of biochemical indices changes ………….….....………..9 Lesson 2 Methods of studing amino acid composition of biological liquids ……...………....... ...
Mechanistic model of cardiac energy metabolism predicts
... concentrations of these metabolites in the cytosol and mitochondria when studying mechanisms controlling glycolysis and lactate metabolism from normal to ischemic conditions. Furthermore, it has been observed that key glycolytic enzymes are bound together in specific intracellular structures to form ...
... concentrations of these metabolites in the cytosol and mitochondria when studying mechanisms controlling glycolysis and lactate metabolism from normal to ischemic conditions. Furthermore, it has been observed that key glycolytic enzymes are bound together in specific intracellular structures to form ...
Glucose
... oxidize fatty acids and ketone for energy purposes. Plasma glucose levels are maintained during fasting by mobilization of liver and muscle glycogen. The liver is the main organ for the storage of excess carbohydrate as glycogen. Skeletal and heart muscles can also store minor amounts of muscle glyc ...
... oxidize fatty acids and ketone for energy purposes. Plasma glucose levels are maintained during fasting by mobilization of liver and muscle glycogen. The liver is the main organ for the storage of excess carbohydrate as glycogen. Skeletal and heart muscles can also store minor amounts of muscle glyc ...
E. coli
... with theN-terminal part of the UTase/UR. The structures of KNTase and Polb are known. Below the UTase/UR sequence, the locations of the G93A, G94A, G98A, D105N, and D107N mutations in glnD are shown. ...
... with theN-terminal part of the UTase/UR. The structures of KNTase and Polb are known. Below the UTase/UR sequence, the locations of the G93A, G94A, G98A, D105N, and D107N mutations in glnD are shown. ...
Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Fish: Recent
... LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways in fish were originally investigated by analysing the effects that experimental diets with suboptimal levels of potential LC-PUFA metabolic precursors had on fish physiology. More direct evidence was later obtained through the use of biochemical assays with radiolabeled ...
... LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways in fish were originally investigated by analysing the effects that experimental diets with suboptimal levels of potential LC-PUFA metabolic precursors had on fish physiology. More direct evidence was later obtained through the use of biochemical assays with radiolabeled ...
Carbon Flow of Heliobacteria Is Related More to Clostridia than to
... OAA, the precursor of aspartate, which results in the incorporation of all the carbons from aspartate into the carbon backbones of glutamate. Also, assuming that some of the CO2 molecules assimilated through the RTCA cycle are 13CO2 generated from the reaction [1-13C]pyruvate ⫹ CoA 3 acetylCoA ⫹ 13C ...
... OAA, the precursor of aspartate, which results in the incorporation of all the carbons from aspartate into the carbon backbones of glutamate. Also, assuming that some of the CO2 molecules assimilated through the RTCA cycle are 13CO2 generated from the reaction [1-13C]pyruvate ⫹ CoA 3 acetylCoA ⫹ 13C ...
Glyceroneogenesis
Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway which synthesizes glycerol 3-phosphate or triglyceride from precursors other than glucose. Usually glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by glycolysis, but when glucose concentration drops in the cytosol, it is generated by another pathway called glyceroneogenesis. Glyceroneogenesis uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine or any substances from the TCA cycle as precursors for glycerol 3-phophate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K), which is an enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway which regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes.