History and sociology in Britain: a review article
... Giddens, the most prominent theorist in British sociology today, made his most influential contributions largely through synthesizing and commenting on Continental European social theory.13 Others have done the same for modern American sociology's only theory of "classical" stature—Parsonsian functi ...
... Giddens, the most prominent theorist in British sociology today, made his most influential contributions largely through synthesizing and commenting on Continental European social theory.13 Others have done the same for modern American sociology's only theory of "classical" stature—Parsonsian functi ...
the case of evolution
... thinking could be recognised more easily. Futuyma (2009) provides a list of 16 points that summarise essential components of current evolutionary thinking (known as ‘the evolutionary synthesis’). However, for a basic understanding of evolution by the process of natural selection, such as that requir ...
... thinking could be recognised more easily. Futuyma (2009) provides a list of 16 points that summarise essential components of current evolutionary thinking (known as ‘the evolutionary synthesis’). However, for a basic understanding of evolution by the process of natural selection, such as that requir ...
Think Global Act Local
... biologist in 1879 to founding figure of modern urban planning in the twentieth century. Examining his career, it is clear that cities were one of his earliest interests and by no means were they a late add-on to his biological work. Indeed, it seems quite simple how the step was made from algae and ...
... biologist in 1879 to founding figure of modern urban planning in the twentieth century. Examining his career, it is clear that cities were one of his earliest interests and by no means were they a late add-on to his biological work. Indeed, it seems quite simple how the step was made from algae and ...
EvoDevo and niche construction: building bridges
... Evolutionary developmental biology and niche-construction theory have much in common, despite independent intellectual origins. Both place emphasis on the role of ontogenetic processes in evolution. The same historical events shaped them, and similar philosophical and sociological barriers hindered ...
... Evolutionary developmental biology and niche-construction theory have much in common, despite independent intellectual origins. Both place emphasis on the role of ontogenetic processes in evolution. The same historical events shaped them, and similar philosophical and sociological barriers hindered ...
Evolution by Natural Selection
... Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution, continued Science Before Darwin’s Voyage • In Darwin’s time, most people—including scientists—held the view that each species is a divine creation that exists, unchanging, as it was originally created. • In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck ( ...
... Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution, continued Science Before Darwin’s Voyage • In Darwin’s time, most people—including scientists—held the view that each species is a divine creation that exists, unchanging, as it was originally created. • In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck ( ...
Chapter 13 Notes
... Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution • In 1859, the English naturalist Charles Darwin published convincing evidence that species evolve, and he proposed a reasonable mechanism explaining how evolution occurs. • Like all scientific theories, the theory of evolution has developed through decades ...
... Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution • In 1859, the English naturalist Charles Darwin published convincing evidence that species evolve, and he proposed a reasonable mechanism explaining how evolution occurs. • Like all scientific theories, the theory of evolution has developed through decades ...
Evolutionary Connectionism: Algorithmic Principles Underlying the
... selection and applies a strong selective pressure for changes in other ecological relationships (e.g. between a particular herbivore and a particular resource)? How is it that reproductive constraints (e.g. reproduction through a single-celled population bottle-neck) come to define a multicellular o ...
... selection and applies a strong selective pressure for changes in other ecological relationships (e.g. between a particular herbivore and a particular resource)? How is it that reproductive constraints (e.g. reproduction through a single-celled population bottle-neck) come to define a multicellular o ...
Darwin On Trial
... creating mankind, or that some of the claims that scientists make under the heading of "evolution" may be false. I approach the creation-evolution dispute not as a scientist but as a professor of law, which means among other things that I know something about the ways that words are used in argument ...
... creating mankind, or that some of the claims that scientists make under the heading of "evolution" may be false. I approach the creation-evolution dispute not as a scientist but as a professor of law, which means among other things that I know something about the ways that words are used in argument ...
PseudoScience.ppt - Heinz Lycklama`s Website
... Natural selection accounts for the “apparent design” in life ...
... Natural selection accounts for the “apparent design” in life ...
On reciprocal causation in the evolutionary process
... “The authors work hard to convince the reader that niche construction is a new ‘‘extended theory of evolution’’ that is a ‘‘co-contributor, with natural selection, to the evolutionary process itself’’ (p. 370). This argument is based on the somewhat disingenuous contention that evolutionary biologis ...
... “The authors work hard to convince the reader that niche construction is a new ‘‘extended theory of evolution’’ that is a ‘‘co-contributor, with natural selection, to the evolutionary process itself’’ (p. 370). This argument is based on the somewhat disingenuous contention that evolutionary biologis ...
evolution
... are large enough to carry eggs. Commercial harvesting takes the largest individuals—all females for this species. The genes for switching sex at a smaller size spread in the population, resulting in more females, but small females lay fewer eggs. ...
... are large enough to carry eggs. Commercial harvesting takes the largest individuals—all females for this species. The genes for switching sex at a smaller size spread in the population, resulting in more females, but small females lay fewer eggs. ...
- Philsci
... environment as a corporate entity, not as a loose aggregate of independent traits. One consequence of this fact is that at each stage of its development from egg to adult an organism must be an integrated, functioning whole. Another is that for any form to arise in an organism at a time, it must dev ...
... environment as a corporate entity, not as a loose aggregate of independent traits. One consequence of this fact is that at each stage of its development from egg to adult an organism must be an integrated, functioning whole. Another is that for any form to arise in an organism at a time, it must dev ...
Niches in evolutionary theories of technical change
... Some biologists have explicitly theorized the idea that some variations may be rather large, even while most variations are small. In their view, evolution is not only made up of small changes. While they agree that new species may emerge through the accumulation of many small changes, they see macr ...
... Some biologists have explicitly theorized the idea that some variations may be rather large, even while most variations are small. In their view, evolution is not only made up of small changes. While they agree that new species may emerge through the accumulation of many small changes, they see macr ...
Presentazione di PowerPoint
... Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis) in relation with climate changes at Galàpagos islands. ...
... Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis) in relation with climate changes at Galàpagos islands. ...
Presentazione di PowerPoint
... Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis) in relation with climate changes at Galàpagos islands. ...
... Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis) in relation with climate changes at Galàpagos islands. ...
TWO WRONGS (James MacAllister) On April 2011, University of
... panties all in a bunch when he read such blasphemy. In his online column, he complained, “Since she’s famous, she’s invited many places, and often uses these occasions to dump on modern evolutionary biology. In this respect she may be worse for science than creationists, since her scientific credib ...
... panties all in a bunch when he read such blasphemy. In his online column, he complained, “Since she’s famous, she’s invited many places, and often uses these occasions to dump on modern evolutionary biology. In this respect she may be worse for science than creationists, since her scientific credib ...
TWO WRONGS (James MacAllister) On April 2011, University of
... panties all in a bunch when he read such blasphemy. In his online column, he complained, “Since she’s famous, she’s invited many places, and often uses these occasions to dump on modern evolutionary biology. In this respect she may be worse for science than creationists, since her scientific credib ...
... panties all in a bunch when he read such blasphemy. In his online column, he complained, “Since she’s famous, she’s invited many places, and often uses these occasions to dump on modern evolutionary biology. In this respect she may be worse for science than creationists, since her scientific credib ...
Lecture 3: Origin of Life (Part-I)
... system and eventually the development of organisms with tissue and organ system. In addition, individual organisms also acquire features over time to adopt better towards changed environment. The progressive advancement of organism is by the process known as evolution. Aristotle has considered evolu ...
... system and eventually the development of organisms with tissue and organ system. In addition, individual organisms also acquire features over time to adopt better towards changed environment. The progressive advancement of organism is by the process known as evolution. Aristotle has considered evolu ...
Evolution by Natural Selection, continued
... Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution, continued Science Before Darwin’s Voyage • In Darwin’s time, most people—including scientists—held the view that each species is a divine creation that exists, unchanging, as it was originally created. • In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck ( ...
... Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution, continued Science Before Darwin’s Voyage • In Darwin’s time, most people—including scientists—held the view that each species is a divine creation that exists, unchanging, as it was originally created. • In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck ( ...
What-if history of science - Create and Use Your home.uchicago.edu
... Wallace did not exist might expand our historical imagination or help us contemplate what Darwin had to think through in the mid-1850s, but it might be more natural to say that we do not know what could have happened because there are too many unknown variables. Shifting the reception of Wallace’s l ...
... Wallace did not exist might expand our historical imagination or help us contemplate what Darwin had to think through in the mid-1850s, but it might be more natural to say that we do not know what could have happened because there are too many unknown variables. Shifting the reception of Wallace’s l ...
Repeated modification of early limb morphogenesis programmes
... arise through changes in morphogenesis, differential growth rates or both [32 – 37]. The most critical question to address first when studying the developmental bases of convergent quantitative phenotypes is whether the morphologies arise through convergent developmental trajectories representing th ...
... arise through changes in morphogenesis, differential growth rates or both [32 – 37]. The most critical question to address first when studying the developmental bases of convergent quantitative phenotypes is whether the morphologies arise through convergent developmental trajectories representing th ...
Review of P. Godfrey-Smith`s Darwinian populations and natural
... Critique of Replicators and of the Gene’s Eye View A direct consequence of the Darwinian space is a critique of what can be called synecdochic approaches to evolution: because of the failure to think about ENS in a gradient way, biologists and philosophers have often mistaken a part for the whole. T ...
... Critique of Replicators and of the Gene’s Eye View A direct consequence of the Darwinian space is a critique of what can be called synecdochic approaches to evolution: because of the failure to think about ENS in a gradient way, biologists and philosophers have often mistaken a part for the whole. T ...
the disciplinary society and the birth of sociology: a foucauldian
... processes of its legitimization “cannot be explained – at least not exclusively – in terms of the content of knowledge itself” (Weiler 2009: 3). The knowledge is never autonomous in the absolute sense. It is not independent of time, locality of space and geography, institutions and practices in whic ...
... processes of its legitimization “cannot be explained – at least not exclusively – in terms of the content of knowledge itself” (Weiler 2009: 3). The knowledge is never autonomous in the absolute sense. It is not independent of time, locality of space and geography, institutions and practices in whic ...
Sociocultural evolution
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is ""the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form"".(Note, this article focusses on that use of the term 'socio-cultural evolution' to refer to work that is not in line with contemporary understandings of the word 'evolution'. There is a separate body of academic work which uses the term 'cultural evolution' using a more consensus Darwinian understanding of the term 'evolution'. For a description of this work, based in the foundational work of DT Campbell in the 1960s and followed up by Boyd, Richerson, Cvalli-Sforza, and Feldman in the 1980s, go to Cultural evolution or Dual inheritance theory.)Most 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a general theory of social evolution centering on the development of socio-cultural systems, the work of Talcott Parsons (1902-1979), operated on a scale which included a theory of world history. Another attempt, on a less systematic scale, originated with the world-systems approach.More recent approaches focus on changes specific to individual societies and reject the idea that cultures differ primarily according to how far each one is on the linear scale of social progress. Most modern archaeologists and cultural anthropologists work within the frameworks of neoevolutionism, sociobiology and modernization theory.Many different societies have existed in the course of human history, with estimates as high as over one million separate societies; however, as of 2013, only about two hundred or so different societies survive.