Ch 13
... Darwin’s Theory • Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is supported by four major points: 1. Variation exists within the genes of every population or species. 2. In a particular environment, some individuals of a population or species are better suited to survive and have more offspring ...
... Darwin’s Theory • Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is supported by four major points: 1. Variation exists within the genes of every population or species. 2. In a particular environment, some individuals of a population or species are better suited to survive and have more offspring ...
Chapter 13 - MRMWILLIS
... • As species evolved, one change after another should have become part of their genetic instructions. Therefore, more and more changes in a gene’s nucleotide sequence should build up over time. • If evolution has taken place, then species descended from a recent common ancestor should have fewer ami ...
... • As species evolved, one change after another should have become part of their genetic instructions. Therefore, more and more changes in a gene’s nucleotide sequence should build up over time. • If evolution has taken place, then species descended from a recent common ancestor should have fewer ami ...
NEO-DARWINISM: A LOOK AT THE ALLEGED GENETIC
... deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its function in sexual reproduction, he could see a great deal of the mystery of life unraveling before his very eyes. Some scientists suggested that they had the answers as to how variation and change occurred. It was done, they said, by genetic mutations. Many genet ...
... deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its function in sexual reproduction, he could see a great deal of the mystery of life unraveling before his very eyes. Some scientists suggested that they had the answers as to how variation and change occurred. It was done, they said, by genetic mutations. Many genet ...
Evolutionary Approaches to Creativity
... been capable of representing an idea once the object was no longer being present, such representations were more likely to be visual rather than verbal (Feist, 2006). Also, thought during this time period was most likely only first-order; the capacity for thinking about thinking (i.e., metacognition ...
... been capable of representing an idea once the object was no longer being present, such representations were more likely to be visual rather than verbal (Feist, 2006). Also, thought during this time period was most likely only first-order; the capacity for thinking about thinking (i.e., metacognition ...
Evolution Programs
... Adaptive evolution at the Community Phylogenetics and origin of the Pterygota (flying the Origin of Gymnotiform 16:15 insects) and testing the Species Assemblages at the ...
... Adaptive evolution at the Community Phylogenetics and origin of the Pterygota (flying the Origin of Gymnotiform 16:15 insects) and testing the Species Assemblages at the ...
Annotations to Bhaskar`s Possibility of Naturalism Hans G. Ehrbar
... and constituent, student and teacher, husband and wife. Such relations are general and relatively enduring, but they do not involve collective or mass behaviour as such in the way in which a strike or a demonstration does (though of course they may help to explain the latter). Mass behaviour is an i ...
... and constituent, student and teacher, husband and wife. Such relations are general and relatively enduring, but they do not involve collective or mass behaviour as such in the way in which a strike or a demonstration does (though of course they may help to explain the latter). Mass behaviour is an i ...
The Frankfurt School and Critical Theory
... distribution of cultural products--like music, film, and art--on a mass scale, reaching all who were connected by the technology in society. (Consider that when these scholars began crafting their critiques, radio and cinema were still new phenomena, and television had not yet hit the scene.) Their ...
... distribution of cultural products--like music, film, and art--on a mass scale, reaching all who were connected by the technology in society. (Consider that when these scholars began crafting their critiques, radio and cinema were still new phenomena, and television had not yet hit the scene.) Their ...
Darwin and Feminism: Preliminary Investigations for
... undertaken—there is clearly much that is problematic about many of the assumptions, methods and criteria used in some cases of biological analysis, which have been actively, if unconsciously, used by those with various paternalistic, patriarchal, racist and class commitments to rationalise their var ...
... undertaken—there is clearly much that is problematic about many of the assumptions, methods and criteria used in some cases of biological analysis, which have been actively, if unconsciously, used by those with various paternalistic, patriarchal, racist and class commitments to rationalise their var ...
Experimental Evolution and Its Role in
... (Arnold, 1987), and the relationship between numbers of deleterious mutations and overall viability and fitness (Mukai, 1969; Elena and Lenski, 1997). Of particular promise for the future of these genetic studies is the possibility of manipulating specific genes using the techniques of modern molecu ...
... (Arnold, 1987), and the relationship between numbers of deleterious mutations and overall viability and fitness (Mukai, 1969; Elena and Lenski, 1997). Of particular promise for the future of these genetic studies is the possibility of manipulating specific genes using the techniques of modern molecu ...
Complexity Turn
... the same way, within individual components (Nicolis, 1995). These are nonlinear consequences that are non-reducible to the very many individual components that comprise such activities. Such emergent characteristics emerge from, but are not reducible to, the micro-dynamics of the phenomenon in quest ...
... the same way, within individual components (Nicolis, 1995). These are nonlinear consequences that are non-reducible to the very many individual components that comprise such activities. Such emergent characteristics emerge from, but are not reducible to, the micro-dynamics of the phenomenon in quest ...
The debate about utopias from a sociological perspective
... The Manuels describe the monologue by the Portuguese mariner Raphael Hythloday about the sorry state of Henry VIII’s England and the description of the life of Utopians, who had arrived at Christian moral and political truths even though they had never heard of the Gospels until Hythloday’s coming. ...
... The Manuels describe the monologue by the Portuguese mariner Raphael Hythloday about the sorry state of Henry VIII’s England and the description of the life of Utopians, who had arrived at Christian moral and political truths even though they had never heard of the Gospels until Hythloday’s coming. ...
Section: Setting the Stage: Past and Future
... fertile ground for a multitude of studies of behavioral changes in later life. Economists have carefully delineated the economic needs and resources of older persons. On the one hand, they observe that the elderly, while living on a lower income, generally have no children living at home, are retire ...
... fertile ground for a multitude of studies of behavioral changes in later life. Economists have carefully delineated the economic needs and resources of older persons. On the one hand, they observe that the elderly, while living on a lower income, generally have no children living at home, are retire ...
More on how and why: cause and effect in biology revisited
... standing as one of the world’s leading evolutionary biologists and architect of the modern Synthetic theory of evolution, Mayr’s article had a massive influence in shaping how most biologists understand causality. In this article, Mayr distinguished ‘proximate’ from ‘ultimate’ causes. Proximate caus ...
... standing as one of the world’s leading evolutionary biologists and architect of the modern Synthetic theory of evolution, Mayr’s article had a massive influence in shaping how most biologists understand causality. In this article, Mayr distinguished ‘proximate’ from ‘ultimate’ causes. Proximate caus ...
Theories of Development
... Helps us to understand the cultural influences in learning and cognition. Culture is values, customs, beliefs and skills of a social group. Children’s learning is influenced by a mentor or other adults and peers in the community. Learning takes place through dialog…language. Learning is not in isola ...
... Helps us to understand the cultural influences in learning and cognition. Culture is values, customs, beliefs and skills of a social group. Children’s learning is influenced by a mentor or other adults and peers in the community. Learning takes place through dialog…language. Learning is not in isola ...
Punctuated equilibrium theory represents shifting balance theory (of
... population 3 times, small 22 times, isolation 7 times and isolate fourteen times in 1977 [15] and small 11 times and isolation 13 times in1980 [16] for macroevolution of new species in small and isolated populations. For examples (in Eldredge and Gould’s words): i) Small numbers and rapid evolution ...
... population 3 times, small 22 times, isolation 7 times and isolate fourteen times in 1977 [15] and small 11 times and isolation 13 times in1980 [16] for macroevolution of new species in small and isolated populations. For examples (in Eldredge and Gould’s words): i) Small numbers and rapid evolution ...
New York Times
... The paleofantasy is a fantasy in part because it supposes that we humans, or at least our protohuman forebears, were at some point perfectly adapted to our environments. We apply this erroneous idea of evolution producing the ideal mesh between organism and surroundings to other life-forms too, not ...
... The paleofantasy is a fantasy in part because it supposes that we humans, or at least our protohuman forebears, were at some point perfectly adapted to our environments. We apply this erroneous idea of evolution producing the ideal mesh between organism and surroundings to other life-forms too, not ...
What is the Hegelian Dialectic?
... In 1847 the London Communist League (Karl Marx and Frederick Engels) used Hegel's theory of the dialectic to back up their economic theory of communism. Now, in the 21st century, Hegelian-Marxist thinking affects our entire social and political structure. The Hegelian dialectic is the framework for ...
... In 1847 the London Communist League (Karl Marx and Frederick Engels) used Hegel's theory of the dialectic to back up their economic theory of communism. Now, in the 21st century, Hegelian-Marxist thinking affects our entire social and political structure. The Hegelian dialectic is the framework for ...
ON PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY: CAN IT BE A SCIENCE?
... „culture‟ designates a complex structure which involves knowledge, belief, arts, moral, law, custom, and whatever has been done by man as a member of society (1972, p. 7). It does not imply something fixed but it stands for change and continuity. Anthropologists employ certain methods called the com ...
... „culture‟ designates a complex structure which involves knowledge, belief, arts, moral, law, custom, and whatever has been done by man as a member of society (1972, p. 7). It does not imply something fixed but it stands for change and continuity. Anthropologists employ certain methods called the com ...
as a PDF
... He was also able to successfully address some objections raised against natural selection. For example, the presence of nonadaptive structures in organisms posed a problem for Darwinism since natural selection was a strictly utilitarian mechanism. An example of this was the loss of eyes of animals t ...
... He was also able to successfully address some objections raised against natural selection. For example, the presence of nonadaptive structures in organisms posed a problem for Darwinism since natural selection was a strictly utilitarian mechanism. An example of this was the loss of eyes of animals t ...
CULTURAL THEORY AND HISTORY: THEORETICAL ISSUES
... and implicit strategies of one’s own scholarly practice. Before the narrativistic breakthrough though, any effort aiming for a systematic, theoretical ordering of history was usually suspected of a more or less evident restitution of the “positivist” nomothetic model of history. Along with some extr ...
... and implicit strategies of one’s own scholarly practice. Before the narrativistic breakthrough though, any effort aiming for a systematic, theoretical ordering of history was usually suspected of a more or less evident restitution of the “positivist” nomothetic model of history. Along with some extr ...
Modern application of evolutionary theory to psychology: Key
... in terms of their specific input, decision rules, and output (Buss, 1995). Each psychological mechanism evolved to take in a narrow range of information: information specific to a particular adaptive problem. The information (or input) that the organism receives signals the adaptive problem that is ...
... in terms of their specific input, decision rules, and output (Buss, 1995). Each psychological mechanism evolved to take in a narrow range of information: information specific to a particular adaptive problem. The information (or input) that the organism receives signals the adaptive problem that is ...
Societal Relations to Nature - Institut für sozial
... nothing about how this socialization of nature takes form concretely under specific historical conditions, nor about which natural preconditions are required for such a capitalistic socialization. At the end of the 1970’s there were many attempts within the conceptual framework of a Marxist critique ...
... nothing about how this socialization of nature takes form concretely under specific historical conditions, nor about which natural preconditions are required for such a capitalistic socialization. At the end of the 1970’s there were many attempts within the conceptual framework of a Marxist critique ...
Science of Evolution Jigsaw
... When groups are finished reading and answering reading questions, the groups should complete a 2-3 sentence summary. The teacher has to approve each summary before the group can move to the last step. It is important that the teacher make sure group summaries give a brief overview of the informati ...
... When groups are finished reading and answering reading questions, the groups should complete a 2-3 sentence summary. The teacher has to approve each summary before the group can move to the last step. It is important that the teacher make sure group summaries give a brief overview of the informati ...
Supplement A from Henrich and Boyd, “Division of Labor, Economic
... Recursion (1) contains two parts: (a) the effects of successbiased transmission and (b) the movement of cultural variants between the subpopulations. The symbol pH1 gives the expected payoff received by individuals playing H from subpopulation 1, while pL1 gives the expected payoff to individuals fr ...
... Recursion (1) contains two parts: (a) the effects of successbiased transmission and (b) the movement of cultural variants between the subpopulations. The symbol pH1 gives the expected payoff received by individuals playing H from subpopulation 1, while pL1 gives the expected payoff to individuals fr ...
Zoology Learning Goals Fall, 2012
... homeostasis, circulation, gas exchange, evolution, development and ecology as they apply to animals. Each student will learn the historical development of key ideas such as evolutionary and systematic theories, and will also learn about the role zoology plays in society. Finally, each student will k ...
... homeostasis, circulation, gas exchange, evolution, development and ecology as they apply to animals. Each student will learn the historical development of key ideas such as evolutionary and systematic theories, and will also learn about the role zoology plays in society. Finally, each student will k ...
Sociocultural evolution
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is ""the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form"".(Note, this article focusses on that use of the term 'socio-cultural evolution' to refer to work that is not in line with contemporary understandings of the word 'evolution'. There is a separate body of academic work which uses the term 'cultural evolution' using a more consensus Darwinian understanding of the term 'evolution'. For a description of this work, based in the foundational work of DT Campbell in the 1960s and followed up by Boyd, Richerson, Cvalli-Sforza, and Feldman in the 1980s, go to Cultural evolution or Dual inheritance theory.)Most 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a general theory of social evolution centering on the development of socio-cultural systems, the work of Talcott Parsons (1902-1979), operated on a scale which included a theory of world history. Another attempt, on a less systematic scale, originated with the world-systems approach.More recent approaches focus on changes specific to individual societies and reject the idea that cultures differ primarily according to how far each one is on the linear scale of social progress. Most modern archaeologists and cultural anthropologists work within the frameworks of neoevolutionism, sociobiology and modernization theory.Many different societies have existed in the course of human history, with estimates as high as over one million separate societies; however, as of 2013, only about two hundred or so different societies survive.