Theorizing Modernity and Technology
... Giddens, one can find studies of particular eras within modernity, of major transitions and developments within the modern era, and of particular features or structures of modernity. Theories of particular eras within modernity attempt to characterize a particular historical epoch within modernity a ...
... Giddens, one can find studies of particular eras within modernity, of major transitions and developments within the modern era, and of particular features or structures of modernity. Theories of particular eras within modernity attempt to characterize a particular historical epoch within modernity a ...
Evolutionary stasis, constraint and other
... of phylogenetic inertia’. In this case, the operating hypothesis is built on an adaptive framework and ES ends up being the alternative explanatory hypothesis (‘origin, not maintenance”, Coddington, 1988). The differences between these two interpretations are subtle but important. The latter case pu ...
... of phylogenetic inertia’. In this case, the operating hypothesis is built on an adaptive framework and ES ends up being the alternative explanatory hypothesis (‘origin, not maintenance”, Coddington, 1988). The differences between these two interpretations are subtle but important. The latter case pu ...
Unit VIII - S2TEM Centers SC
... Galapagos Discusses biological evolution specific to the Galapagos Islands. Use this web site for teacher or student research. ...
... Galapagos Discusses biological evolution specific to the Galapagos Islands. Use this web site for teacher or student research. ...
Törnberg, Petter - Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences
... the real entities of the social world (Byrne, 2002, p.136)? Are higher-level organizations (like firms, tribes, and states) fully explainable in terms of the preferences of their members, or are higher-level organizations also social individuals with their own properties and powers? Can individual a ...
... the real entities of the social world (Byrne, 2002, p.136)? Are higher-level organizations (like firms, tribes, and states) fully explainable in terms of the preferences of their members, or are higher-level organizations also social individuals with their own properties and powers? Can individual a ...
10_chapter 3
... social values were yet to shape up with the changing social structure and its functioning. Comte's new science was basically aimed at social reconstruction. He believed that trained sociologists would reconstruct society on the basis of the values of family, morality and religion. In between the yea ...
... social values were yet to shape up with the changing social structure and its functioning. Comte's new science was basically aimed at social reconstruction. He believed that trained sociologists would reconstruct society on the basis of the values of family, morality and religion. In between the yea ...
astrologer gordon psychic rochelle
... If you wish to subscribe to the email mailing list, you can do it by sending an email to the following address: [email protected] The publisher has no financial sources. It is supported by many in the form of voluntary work and gifts. We kindly appreciate your gifts. ...
... If you wish to subscribe to the email mailing list, you can do it by sending an email to the following address: [email protected] The publisher has no financial sources. It is supported by many in the form of voluntary work and gifts. We kindly appreciate your gifts. ...
Herbert Spencer`s Evolutionary Individualism
... It is settled beyond dispute that organic progress consists in a change from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous. Now, we propose in the first place to show, that this law of organic progress is the law of all progress. Whether it be in the development of the Earth, in the development of life upon ...
... It is settled beyond dispute that organic progress consists in a change from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous. Now, we propose in the first place to show, that this law of organic progress is the law of all progress. Whether it be in the development of the Earth, in the development of life upon ...
evolutionary theory and biodiversity
... entry-level Knowledge Students have not previously studied this topic, but they may be somewhat familiar with Charles Darwin, evolution, and the concept of “survival of the fittest.” ...
... entry-level Knowledge Students have not previously studied this topic, but they may be somewhat familiar with Charles Darwin, evolution, and the concept of “survival of the fittest.” ...
FV Slaby, Haueis, and Choudhury for Routledge - PH
... these insights will underwrite specific theoretical articulations of our political preferences, capabilities and liabilities, while disconfirming other such articulations. The result, it is assumed, will be an empirically grounded, scientifically established political theory and political psychology ...
... these insights will underwrite specific theoretical articulations of our political preferences, capabilities and liabilities, while disconfirming other such articulations. The result, it is assumed, will be an empirically grounded, scientifically established political theory and political psychology ...
Human Capital and Sustainability
... demands on our environment. The challenge now facing humanity is to find ways to harness all available forms of capital in a manner that promotes human welfare, well-being and sustainable development for all. Until recently the notion of capital was largely confined to financial assets utilizable fo ...
... demands on our environment. The challenge now facing humanity is to find ways to harness all available forms of capital in a manner that promotes human welfare, well-being and sustainable development for all. Until recently the notion of capital was largely confined to financial assets utilizable fo ...
Understanding Natural Selection: Essential Concepts and Common
... instructors, it is evident that misconceptions about natural selection are the rule, whereas a working understanding is the rare exception. The goal of this paper is to enhance (or, as the case may be, confirm) readers' basic understanding of natural selection. This first involves providing an overv ...
... instructors, it is evident that misconceptions about natural selection are the rule, whereas a working understanding is the rare exception. The goal of this paper is to enhance (or, as the case may be, confirm) readers' basic understanding of natural selection. This first involves providing an overv ...
Coyne et al 2000 Evolution 54
... et al. (1997, p. 643) states our position: We conclude that while phases I and II of Wright’s theory (the movement of populations from one ‘‘adaptive peak’’ to another via drift and selection) can occur under some conditions, genetic drift is often unnecessary for movement between peaks. The ‘‘third ...
... et al. (1997, p. 643) states our position: We conclude that while phases I and II of Wright’s theory (the movement of populations from one ‘‘adaptive peak’’ to another via drift and selection) can occur under some conditions, genetic drift is often unnecessary for movement between peaks. The ‘‘third ...
Darwin`s Background
... The central question still remained: if evolution occurred, by what means did it occur? In 1838 Darwin read a book called Essay on the Principle of Population by a British economist, Thomas Malthus (1776-1834). Malthus stated that a human population growing unchecked would ______________ every 25 ye ...
... The central question still remained: if evolution occurred, by what means did it occur? In 1838 Darwin read a book called Essay on the Principle of Population by a British economist, Thomas Malthus (1776-1834). Malthus stated that a human population growing unchecked would ______________ every 25 ye ...
Two Ways of Thinking about Fitness and Natural Selection
... source laws: for example, the principles of optimality analysis which predict the selective value of various traits and the laws that govern how genes located on the same chromosome assort during recombination. Accordingly, causal responsibility for total evolutionary change can be apportioned among ...
... source laws: for example, the principles of optimality analysis which predict the selective value of various traits and the laws that govern how genes located on the same chromosome assort during recombination. Accordingly, causal responsibility for total evolutionary change can be apportioned among ...
Strong Reciprocity and Human Sociality
... situation in which the possibility of strategic punishment was removed. They used a ten-round public goods game with costly punishment, employing three di!erent methods of assigning members to groups.# There were su$cient subjects to run between 10 and 18 groups simultaneously. Under the Personal tr ...
... situation in which the possibility of strategic punishment was removed. They used a ten-round public goods game with costly punishment, employing three di!erent methods of assigning members to groups.# There were su$cient subjects to run between 10 and 18 groups simultaneously. Under the Personal tr ...
Should we examine a map and remember the Past
... innovations. The hypotheses of population downturn and feudalization underscore the other main explanations for the collapse. The hypothesis of military innovations present the saddle and the stirrup, which the barbarian foes of the Roman Empire are supposed to have adopted during the first millenni ...
... innovations. The hypotheses of population downturn and feudalization underscore the other main explanations for the collapse. The hypothesis of military innovations present the saddle and the stirrup, which the barbarian foes of the Roman Empire are supposed to have adopted during the first millenni ...
Postmodernism and Sociology: From the - CJ
... number of questions for the postmodern theory that developed in the 1970s and 1980s in France and beyond. If knowledge is always representational and science is always paradigmatic, if universal, rationally founded knowledge is thereby distorting, then how do we ensure knowledge that stresses, as do ...
... number of questions for the postmodern theory that developed in the 1970s and 1980s in France and beyond. If knowledge is always representational and science is always paradigmatic, if universal, rationally founded knowledge is thereby distorting, then how do we ensure knowledge that stresses, as do ...
a PDF of this issue for free
... Charles Darwin to fellow naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in November 1859. Darwin’s celebrated work On the Origin of Species had just been published, and he was resigned to the fact that his case for biological evolution would be controversial. It would certainly make famous the young man who had o ...
... Charles Darwin to fellow naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in November 1859. Darwin’s celebrated work On the Origin of Species had just been published, and he was resigned to the fact that his case for biological evolution would be controversial. It would certainly make famous the young man who had o ...
TEACHER`S NOTES EVOLUTION
... Darwin: (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist[I] who realised that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors. He published compelling supporting evidence in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species . Here he presented his scientific theory that branching p ...
... Darwin: (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist[I] who realised that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors. He published compelling supporting evidence in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species . Here he presented his scientific theory that branching p ...
The Descent of Evolutionary Explanations: Darwinian Vestiges
... information from population genetics about the strength of selection and about variation in the trait in ancestral forms; evidence that differences in the trait among conspecifics were heritable; and information about factors that impact on the rate of evolution (e.g., population size and structure, ...
... information from population genetics about the strength of selection and about variation in the trait in ancestral forms; evidence that differences in the trait among conspecifics were heritable; and information about factors that impact on the rate of evolution (e.g., population size and structure, ...
ideas on complexity in systems -- twenty views
... The genetic or plant level The animal level with purposive behavior and self-awareness The human level Social organization or individuals in roles” They cite von Bertananffy who proposed “the idea of a general system theory that would embrace all levels of science from the study of a single cell to ...
... The genetic or plant level The animal level with purposive behavior and self-awareness The human level Social organization or individuals in roles” They cite von Bertananffy who proposed “the idea of a general system theory that would embrace all levels of science from the study of a single cell to ...
The Growth of Structural and Functional Complexity
... depend on the degree of independence between the features included in the model and the ones that were not included. That degree of independence will be determined by the “objective” complexity of the system. Though we are in principle unable to build a complete model of a system, the introduction o ...
... depend on the degree of independence between the features included in the model and the ones that were not included. That degree of independence will be determined by the “objective” complexity of the system. Though we are in principle unable to build a complete model of a system, the introduction o ...
FREE Sample Here
... 34. A student set up an experiment to test if plants give off water vapor. Fifty pea plants, growing in pots, were covered with individual glass containers and left overnight. The next morning, the inside of each lid was covered in droplets of water. The lab student concluded that plants generally g ...
... 34. A student set up an experiment to test if plants give off water vapor. Fifty pea plants, growing in pots, were covered with individual glass containers and left overnight. The next morning, the inside of each lid was covered in droplets of water. The lab student concluded that plants generally g ...
Chapter 13 PowerPoint File
... Science Before Darwin’s Voyage • In Darwin’s time, most people—including scientists—held the view that each species is a divine creation that exists, unchanging, as it was originally created. • In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744– 1829) proposed a hypothesis for how organisms c ...
... Science Before Darwin’s Voyage • In Darwin’s time, most people—including scientists—held the view that each species is a divine creation that exists, unchanging, as it was originally created. • In 1809, the French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744– 1829) proposed a hypothesis for how organisms c ...
History and sociology in Britain: a review article
... Giddens, the most prominent theorist in British sociology today, made his most influential contributions largely through synthesizing and commenting on Continental European social theory.13 Others have done the same for modern American sociology's only theory of "classical" stature—Parsonsian functi ...
... Giddens, the most prominent theorist in British sociology today, made his most influential contributions largely through synthesizing and commenting on Continental European social theory.13 Others have done the same for modern American sociology's only theory of "classical" stature—Parsonsian functi ...
Sociocultural evolution
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is ""the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form"".(Note, this article focusses on that use of the term 'socio-cultural evolution' to refer to work that is not in line with contemporary understandings of the word 'evolution'. There is a separate body of academic work which uses the term 'cultural evolution' using a more consensus Darwinian understanding of the term 'evolution'. For a description of this work, based in the foundational work of DT Campbell in the 1960s and followed up by Boyd, Richerson, Cvalli-Sforza, and Feldman in the 1980s, go to Cultural evolution or Dual inheritance theory.)Most 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a general theory of social evolution centering on the development of socio-cultural systems, the work of Talcott Parsons (1902-1979), operated on a scale which included a theory of world history. Another attempt, on a less systematic scale, originated with the world-systems approach.More recent approaches focus on changes specific to individual societies and reject the idea that cultures differ primarily according to how far each one is on the linear scale of social progress. Most modern archaeologists and cultural anthropologists work within the frameworks of neoevolutionism, sociobiology and modernization theory.Many different societies have existed in the course of human history, with estimates as high as over one million separate societies; however, as of 2013, only about two hundred or so different societies survive.