fallkinship
... browbeaten by the insistence of some of their colleagues that there is no such thing as kinship, have persisted in developing traditional approaches, with many fruitful results. (Parkin 1997: Preface) The major theorists of anthropology made their mark in the study of kinship. It seemed more or less ...
... browbeaten by the insistence of some of their colleagues that there is no such thing as kinship, have persisted in developing traditional approaches, with many fruitful results. (Parkin 1997: Preface) The major theorists of anthropology made their mark in the study of kinship. It seemed more or less ...
In the shadow of genetics - Centre for Disability Studies
... This thesis takes the form of an investigation into the joint role of eugenics and genetics in informing social policy directed at disabled people during the twentieth century. The major geographical locus is the 'transatlantic belt' stretching from northwest Europe to the United States. Drawing on ...
... This thesis takes the form of an investigation into the joint role of eugenics and genetics in informing social policy directed at disabled people during the twentieth century. The major geographical locus is the 'transatlantic belt' stretching from northwest Europe to the United States. Drawing on ...
Social and Cultural Anthropology: The Key Concepts
... values or forms of thought, and their connection to certain fundamental activities. The key concepts signalled in this book are to be regarded in a comparable way: they are discursive nodes from which a broader, interconnected landscape of anthropological work and understanding should become apparen ...
... values or forms of thought, and their connection to certain fundamental activities. The key concepts signalled in this book are to be regarded in a comparable way: they are discursive nodes from which a broader, interconnected landscape of anthropological work and understanding should become apparen ...
Rapid evolution of adaptive niche construction
... the ancestor (E X = E A ), and its fitness must respond differently to the changed environmental modification: FX (E X ) = FX (E A ). The final density attained in constructed environments was a lower, but still substantial, fraction of the carrying capacity in fresh medium (one-fifth is a typical ...
... the ancestor (E X = E A ), and its fitness must respond differently to the changed environmental modification: FX (E X ) = FX (E A ). The final density attained in constructed environments was a lower, but still substantial, fraction of the carrying capacity in fresh medium (one-fifth is a typical ...
Philosophy of Biology: A Contemporary Introduction
... Now, biological science itself does not tell us whether it has the power to answer these questions. And for that reason there are lively debates about biology’s scope and limits, its authority to answer such perennial questions of deep human concern. These questions about biology’s scope and limits ...
... Now, biological science itself does not tell us whether it has the power to answer these questions. And for that reason there are lively debates about biology’s scope and limits, its authority to answer such perennial questions of deep human concern. These questions about biology’s scope and limits ...
NATURE, SOCIOLOGY, AND THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL By Ryan
... compassion to animals. Horkheimer, Adorno and Marcuse argued that women and animals experienced parallel forms of domination and, as co-sufferers, women may need to play a central role in protecting animals from the horrors of modernity. The Frankfurt School provides animal studies scholars a theor ...
... compassion to animals. Horkheimer, Adorno and Marcuse argued that women and animals experienced parallel forms of domination and, as co-sufferers, women may need to play a central role in protecting animals from the horrors of modernity. The Frankfurt School provides animal studies scholars a theor ...
The Positive Philosophy Auguste Comte Batoche Books
... scientific character is far less inferior than is commonly supposed. We must first describe its domain. There is no doubt that the gradual development of human intelligence would, in course of time lead us over from the theological and metaphysical state to the positive by a series of logical concep ...
... scientific character is far less inferior than is commonly supposed. We must first describe its domain. There is no doubt that the gradual development of human intelligence would, in course of time lead us over from the theological and metaphysical state to the positive by a series of logical concep ...
Homology and Heterochrony
... Walter Garstang (1868–1949), who coined the term ‘paedomorphosis’. Garstang wrote only a few papers on this issue, which did not attract wide recognition in his life-time, but his ideas prove to be important for the history of evolutionary developmental biology (Hall, 2000). As discussed below, de B ...
... Walter Garstang (1868–1949), who coined the term ‘paedomorphosis’. Garstang wrote only a few papers on this issue, which did not attract wide recognition in his life-time, but his ideas prove to be important for the history of evolutionary developmental biology (Hall, 2000). As discussed below, de B ...
Social semantics: how useful has group selection been?
... could favour cooperation because it would tend to keep relatives together – in this case, altruism directed indiscriminately at all neighbours could be favoured, because those neighbours tend to be relatives. However, Hamilton (1971, 1975) later realized that things might not be that simple, as popu ...
... could favour cooperation because it would tend to keep relatives together – in this case, altruism directed indiscriminately at all neighbours could be favoured, because those neighbours tend to be relatives. However, Hamilton (1971, 1975) later realized that things might not be that simple, as popu ...
Niche construction in evolutionary theory: the construction
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Feb. 19, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/109793. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Feb. 19, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/109793. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
What was Fisher`s fundamental theorem of natural selection and
... Francis Galton (1822–1911) had an important influence on twentieth-century theories of heredity and evolution. Paradoxically, his ideas served as the template for both the biometrical and Mendelian schools of thought, which were at odds at the turn of the century over whether evolution was Darwinian— ...
... Francis Galton (1822–1911) had an important influence on twentieth-century theories of heredity and evolution. Paradoxically, his ideas served as the template for both the biometrical and Mendelian schools of thought, which were at odds at the turn of the century over whether evolution was Darwinian— ...
- CUNY Academic Works
... Recent evidence demands that Lamarckism be taken seriously; if a population shifts behavior in order to occupy or construct a new niche, that behavior may be the driving force of whatever changes occur to the species over time; DNA may be 'soft' after all, and the central dogma may be just dogma; mu ...
... Recent evidence demands that Lamarckism be taken seriously; if a population shifts behavior in order to occupy or construct a new niche, that behavior may be the driving force of whatever changes occur to the species over time; DNA may be 'soft' after all, and the central dogma may be just dogma; mu ...
Jasanoff – Imaginaries – P. 1 Future Imperfect: Science, Technology
... distinctively modern and social? Here is his answer: By social imaginary, I mean something much broader and deeper than the intellectual schemes people may entertain when they think about reality in a disengaged mode. I am thinking, rather, of the ways people imagine their social existence, how they ...
... distinctively modern and social? Here is his answer: By social imaginary, I mean something much broader and deeper than the intellectual schemes people may entertain when they think about reality in a disengaged mode. I am thinking, rather, of the ways people imagine their social existence, how they ...
UN1001 Discussion Questions
... 3. What is sexual selection? According to Futuyma, what does sexual selection show about the relationship between natural selection and adaptation? Explain. 4. What is senescence? According to Futuyma, how can evolutionary biology explain senescence? In his view, why does evolutionary biology provid ...
... 3. What is sexual selection? According to Futuyma, what does sexual selection show about the relationship between natural selection and adaptation? Explain. 4. What is senescence? According to Futuyma, how can evolutionary biology explain senescence? In his view, why does evolutionary biology provid ...
Shanks Tilley 1987
... This gap can only be dealt with adequately if we develop conceptual tools and theoretical structures with which to reinscribe the past into the present, to realize their interaction. This book is intended as an advanced introduction to some current debates which may help to achieve that goal. The im ...
... This gap can only be dealt with adequately if we develop conceptual tools and theoretical structures with which to reinscribe the past into the present, to realize their interaction. This book is intended as an advanced introduction to some current debates which may help to achieve that goal. The im ...
Chapter 15: Evolution
... survive and reproduce in a given environment 2. Traits which are beneficial to the survival of an organism in a particular environment tend to be retained and passed on, and therefore, increase in frequency within a population 3. Traits which have low survival value to an organism tend to diminish i ...
... survive and reproduce in a given environment 2. Traits which are beneficial to the survival of an organism in a particular environment tend to be retained and passed on, and therefore, increase in frequency within a population 3. Traits which have low survival value to an organism tend to diminish i ...
Generative Replication and the Evolution of Complexity
... simple model, a one dimensional linear automaton that is consistent with our four proposed conditions for a possible generative replicator. This model is particularly appropriate for social evolution. Section six extends our model to a simple selection dynamics. Our results provide strong and unambi ...
... simple model, a one dimensional linear automaton that is consistent with our four proposed conditions for a possible generative replicator. This model is particularly appropriate for social evolution. Section six extends our model to a simple selection dynamics. Our results provide strong and unambi ...
May 2013
... Speaking of birds, another story on Science Daily and Live Science claims that a bird that “lived after the time of dinosaurs” is the ancestor of hummingbirds and swifts: the analyses“ suggest that the bird was an evolutionary precursor to the group that includes today’s swifts and hummingbirds.” Th ...
... Speaking of birds, another story on Science Daily and Live Science claims that a bird that “lived after the time of dinosaurs” is the ancestor of hummingbirds and swifts: the analyses“ suggest that the bird was an evolutionary precursor to the group that includes today’s swifts and hummingbirds.” Th ...
Differentiation: a sociological approach to international relations theory
... whole argument. He hypothesised that ‘the division of labor varies in direct ratio with the volume and density of societies, and, if it progresses in a continuous manner in the course of social development, it is because societies become regularly denser and generally more voluminous….[T]he growth a ...
... whole argument. He hypothesised that ‘the division of labor varies in direct ratio with the volume and density of societies, and, if it progresses in a continuous manner in the course of social development, it is because societies become regularly denser and generally more voluminous….[T]he growth a ...
Margulis L - Jason G. Goldman
... Traditional Darwinian thought underlines the role of competition in pushing evolution forward. Indeed, competition is a critical component of modern evolutionary theory. However, the underlying theme of endosymbiotic theory (or endosymbiosis) holds that cooperation between organisms is perhaps a mor ...
... Traditional Darwinian thought underlines the role of competition in pushing evolution forward. Indeed, competition is a critical component of modern evolutionary theory. However, the underlying theme of endosymbiotic theory (or endosymbiosis) holds that cooperation between organisms is perhaps a mor ...
The Rules of Sociological Method
... research had to be started all over again so as to be'harmonised with these new viewsY As Malinowski and Van Gennep both observed, Durkheim came more or less to equate 'religion' and 'the social',32 As for sociology's explanatory' method, Durkheim simply assumed that its distinctive object-domain di ...
... research had to be started all over again so as to be'harmonised with these new viewsY As Malinowski and Van Gennep both observed, Durkheim came more or less to equate 'religion' and 'the social',32 As for sociology's explanatory' method, Durkheim simply assumed that its distinctive object-domain di ...
Descended from Darwin
... synthesis, Ernst Mayr, described the early twentieth century as rife with opposition to Darwinism. He pointed to the threat Darwinism posed to the argument from design, the lasting influence of essentialism, and the ambiguity of terms and phrases such as selection, species, and survival of the fitte ...
... synthesis, Ernst Mayr, described the early twentieth century as rife with opposition to Darwinism. He pointed to the threat Darwinism posed to the argument from design, the lasting influence of essentialism, and the ambiguity of terms and phrases such as selection, species, and survival of the fitte ...
Evolutionary Dynamics of Nitrogen Fixation in the Legume–Rhizobia
... reflect real-world phenomena [20–27]. Interestingly, the continuous snowdrift game permits an evolutionary process in which completely non-productive cheaters coexist with cooperators making maximum investment [23]. This evidence provides insight into the evolutionary origin of ineffective symbionts ...
... reflect real-world phenomena [20–27]. Interestingly, the continuous snowdrift game permits an evolutionary process in which completely non-productive cheaters coexist with cooperators making maximum investment [23]. This evidence provides insight into the evolutionary origin of ineffective symbionts ...
Evolution - Free
... selection is the only known cause of adaptation but not Evolution is change in the heritable traits of biological the only known cause of evolution. Other, nonadaptive populations over successive generations.[1] Evolutionary causes of microevolution include mutation and genetic processes give rise t ...
... selection is the only known cause of adaptation but not Evolution is change in the heritable traits of biological the only known cause of evolution. Other, nonadaptive populations over successive generations.[1] Evolutionary causes of microevolution include mutation and genetic processes give rise t ...
Social solidarities: the search for solidarity in
... which society functioned. Whereas the discipline of economics sought to explain the allocation of scarce resources, the discipline of sociology was (and still is) concerned with the question ...
... which society functioned. Whereas the discipline of economics sought to explain the allocation of scarce resources, the discipline of sociology was (and still is) concerned with the question ...
Sociocultural evolution
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is ""the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form"".(Note, this article focusses on that use of the term 'socio-cultural evolution' to refer to work that is not in line with contemporary understandings of the word 'evolution'. There is a separate body of academic work which uses the term 'cultural evolution' using a more consensus Darwinian understanding of the term 'evolution'. For a description of this work, based in the foundational work of DT Campbell in the 1960s and followed up by Boyd, Richerson, Cvalli-Sforza, and Feldman in the 1980s, go to Cultural evolution or Dual inheritance theory.)Most 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a general theory of social evolution centering on the development of socio-cultural systems, the work of Talcott Parsons (1902-1979), operated on a scale which included a theory of world history. Another attempt, on a less systematic scale, originated with the world-systems approach.More recent approaches focus on changes specific to individual societies and reject the idea that cultures differ primarily according to how far each one is on the linear scale of social progress. Most modern archaeologists and cultural anthropologists work within the frameworks of neoevolutionism, sociobiology and modernization theory.Many different societies have existed in the course of human history, with estimates as high as over one million separate societies; however, as of 2013, only about two hundred or so different societies survive.