The Paleobiological Revolution
... and features the work of pioneers in the field such as Norman Newell in the United States and Otto Schindewolf in Germany, each of whom practiced a theoretical paleontology, and each of whom trained important figures of the 1970s revolution. Indeed, there are as many elements of continuity as there ...
... and features the work of pioneers in the field such as Norman Newell in the United States and Otto Schindewolf in Germany, each of whom practiced a theoretical paleontology, and each of whom trained important figures of the 1970s revolution. Indeed, there are as many elements of continuity as there ...
History and Theory in Anthropology
... Wrst, private property or social hierarchy?’ Other anthropological questions are about contemporary issues: ‘How do social institutions work?’, or ‘How do humans envisage and classify what they see around them?’ Assumptions include notions of common humanity, of cultural diVerence, of value in all c ...
... Wrst, private property or social hierarchy?’ Other anthropological questions are about contemporary issues: ‘How do social institutions work?’, or ‘How do humans envisage and classify what they see around them?’ Assumptions include notions of common humanity, of cultural diVerence, of value in all c ...
Social Acceleration: Ethical and Political Consequences of a
... average sleeping time decreased by two hours since the nineteenth century and by 30 minutes since the 1970s9), and even our neighbors seem to move in and out of their flats more frequently. But even if we can prove these changes are not accidental but follow a systematic pattern, is there anything t ...
... average sleeping time decreased by two hours since the nineteenth century and by 30 minutes since the 1970s9), and even our neighbors seem to move in and out of their flats more frequently. But even if we can prove these changes are not accidental but follow a systematic pattern, is there anything t ...
Phenotypic plasticity in evolutionary rescue experiments
... While such experiments have rarely been performed so far in the context of plasticity interacting with ER, we argue below that (i) all the conceptual tools are available and (ii) many model organisms are adequate for such studies. To argue our point, we start by briefly defining the concepts of plas ...
... While such experiments have rarely been performed so far in the context of plasticity interacting with ER, we argue below that (i) all the conceptual tools are available and (ii) many model organisms are adequate for such studies. To argue our point, we start by briefly defining the concepts of plas ...
Veblen`s Institutional Evolutionary Theory in the Context of
... oversocialized. Granovetter, in his article of 1992,“Economic Institutions as Social Constructions: A Framework for Analysis”, uses the concept of embedded, and argues that “new economic sociology” can be constructed on the basis of three sociological assumptions. First, economic goals are accompani ...
... oversocialized. Granovetter, in his article of 1992,“Economic Institutions as Social Constructions: A Framework for Analysis”, uses the concept of embedded, and argues that “new economic sociology” can be constructed on the basis of three sociological assumptions. First, economic goals are accompani ...
Live Where You Thrive: Joint Evolution of Habitat Choice and Local
... it causes frequency-dependent selection (i.e., soft selection) when they choose the habitat that they are best adapted to (Ravigné et al. 2004). For models 1 and 3, which imply local density regulation, C 1 and C 2 denote the local carrying capacities of habitats 1 and 2, respectively. For model 2, ...
... it causes frequency-dependent selection (i.e., soft selection) when they choose the habitat that they are best adapted to (Ravigné et al. 2004). For models 1 and 3, which imply local density regulation, C 1 and C 2 denote the local carrying capacities of habitats 1 and 2, respectively. For model 2, ...
Social Change and Modernity - Le Magazine de la communication
... and, in particular, the relationship among these. The notion of differentiation (or specialization) was central in the work of Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Herbert Spencer, and Emile Durkheim. The same notion informs the work of a number of contemporary theorists, notably Parsons. Yet both the causes and ...
... and, in particular, the relationship among these. The notion of differentiation (or specialization) was central in the work of Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Herbert Spencer, and Emile Durkheim. The same notion informs the work of a number of contemporary theorists, notably Parsons. Yet both the causes and ...
The role of hermaphrodites in the experimental evolution of
... because they depend on population history and environmental context. In this regard, experimental evolution has long been a favourite approach to determine the nature of genetic correlations among fitness components, for example by measuring correlated trait changes to different selection regimes; e ...
... because they depend on population history and environmental context. In this regard, experimental evolution has long been a favourite approach to determine the nature of genetic correlations among fitness components, for example by measuring correlated trait changes to different selection regimes; e ...
the nature of scientific theory
... some specific empirical problem encountered by investigators; otherwise, concepts remain detached from the very processes they are supposed to help investigators understand. Just how m attach concepts to empirical processes, or the workings of the real world, is very controversial in sociology. Some ...
... some specific empirical problem encountered by investigators; otherwise, concepts remain detached from the very processes they are supposed to help investigators understand. Just how m attach concepts to empirical processes, or the workings of the real world, is very controversial in sociology. Some ...
Wallace, Alfred Russel (1823-1913) - TopSCHOLAR
... of island-to-island sailing in native crafts), reaped the astonishing harvest of 126,500 natural history specimens, including more than 200 new species of birds and well over 1000 new insects. His many experiences are imperishably detailed in his splendidly successful book The Malay archipelago (186 ...
... of island-to-island sailing in native crafts), reaped the astonishing harvest of 126,500 natural history specimens, including more than 200 new species of birds and well over 1000 new insects. His many experiences are imperishably detailed in his splendidly successful book The Malay archipelago (186 ...
Container Model - European International Studies Association
... past” and the “odd lines” drawn by the colonial powers for “a lot of the problems we are having to deal with now”. He used several examples ranging from the Balfour Declaration of 1917 to the illogical borders and frontiers drawn by the British in Afghanistan, India, Pakistan and Iraq as the primary ...
... past” and the “odd lines” drawn by the colonial powers for “a lot of the problems we are having to deal with now”. He used several examples ranging from the Balfour Declaration of 1917 to the illogical borders and frontiers drawn by the British in Afghanistan, India, Pakistan and Iraq as the primary ...
Anthropology in the middle - Anthropology Emory
... name-dropping, on the one hand, or unintended omission, on the other. In attempting an account that is short as well as broad, my references are only telegraphic (full citations for authors mentioned without reference are available on-line).1 Other caveats also apply. My characterizations apply larg ...
... name-dropping, on the one hand, or unintended omission, on the other. In attempting an account that is short as well as broad, my references are only telegraphic (full citations for authors mentioned without reference are available on-line).1 Other caveats also apply. My characterizations apply larg ...
The Meanings of Social Life: A Cultural Sociology
... not be combined as adjective and noun. If there were a sociological approach to culture, it should be a sociology of culture. There certainly could not be a cultural approach to sociology. My colleagues were right about the present and the past of our discipline, but events did not prove them presci ...
... not be combined as adjective and noun. If there were a sociological approach to culture, it should be a sociology of culture. There certainly could not be a cultural approach to sociology. My colleagues were right about the present and the past of our discipline, but events did not prove them presci ...
Jean Baudrillard
... taking as his theme daily customs and subjects borrowed from national history . This quarrel defines an autonomous movement, free from any 'Renaissance' or imitation . Modernity is not yet a way oflife (the term does not then exist) . But it has become an idea (linked to that ofprogress) . It has ta ...
... taking as his theme daily customs and subjects borrowed from national history . This quarrel defines an autonomous movement, free from any 'Renaissance' or imitation . Modernity is not yet a way oflife (the term does not then exist) . But it has become an idea (linked to that ofprogress) . It has ta ...
global political economy
... 30 professors of public administration are appointed in France every year but the number of professorial appointments in political science declined from 9 in 1996 to 4 in 2002 (Favre, 2005: 355; 362). As I will argue in Chapter 1, the first signs of how the class politics of capitalist discipline fi ...
... 30 professors of public administration are appointed in France every year but the number of professorial appointments in political science declined from 9 in 1996 to 4 in 2002 (Favre, 2005: 355; 362). As I will argue in Chapter 1, the first signs of how the class politics of capitalist discipline fi ...
modelling the ecological context of evolutionary change
... that have been the focus of ecological theory. A few of the most important include competition for resources, predation, parasitism, mutualism, and facilitation (Begon, Harper, & Townsend 1986). Although each process is distinct from the others, the ecological theories developed for each of them sha ...
... that have been the focus of ecological theory. A few of the most important include competition for resources, predation, parasitism, mutualism, and facilitation (Begon, Harper, & Townsend 1986). Although each process is distinct from the others, the ecological theories developed for each of them sha ...
this PDF file - Electronic Journal of Science Education
... Surveys were completed to varying degrees by 311 students across majors who were currently enrolled in introductory biology classes, elementary science methods classes, secondary science methods classes, and upper level astronomy classes which focus on origins. Students were asked to participate in ...
... Surveys were completed to varying degrees by 311 students across majors who were currently enrolled in introductory biology classes, elementary science methods classes, secondary science methods classes, and upper level astronomy classes which focus on origins. Students were asked to participate in ...
Evolutionary Mismatch And What To Do About It: A Basic Tutorial
... experienced as hunter-gatherers in small-scale societies only ten to fifteen thousand years ago ({Barkow, 1992 #30}). Some genetic evolution has taken place during this period ({Cochran, 2009 #145}) and cultural change is itself an evolutionary process that adapts us to our environments ({Jablonka, ...
... experienced as hunter-gatherers in small-scale societies only ten to fifteen thousand years ago ({Barkow, 1992 #30}). Some genetic evolution has taken place during this period ({Cochran, 2009 #145}) and cultural change is itself an evolutionary process that adapts us to our environments ({Jablonka, ...
Talcott Parsons` Early Essay on Capitalism. An American
... essential in order to contextualize the economic order and economic transactions – ibid.: xv). Moreover, Hamilton underlined the relevance of the historical dimension (by applying what he called “genetic method”) which allowed to observe the development of a phenomenon, particularly relevant when th ...
... essential in order to contextualize the economic order and economic transactions – ibid.: xv). Moreover, Hamilton underlined the relevance of the historical dimension (by applying what he called “genetic method”) which allowed to observe the development of a phenomenon, particularly relevant when th ...
- Philsci-Archive
... tionary theory, or any scientific theory in general, is claimed to be causal or non-causal by the participants of the debate. First, evolutionary theory has been said to be causal (or non-causal) for it involves explicit (no) causal assumptions. According to statisticalists, the core principles of ...
... tionary theory, or any scientific theory in general, is claimed to be causal or non-causal by the participants of the debate. First, evolutionary theory has been said to be causal (or non-causal) for it involves explicit (no) causal assumptions. According to statisticalists, the core principles of ...
EVOLUTION EXPERIMENTS WITH MICROORGANISMS: THE DYNAMICS AND GENETIC BASES OF ADAPTATION
... were already present in the source population contributed to parallel responses. Also, many microbes are of great importance to humans, not only as pathogens but for numerous essential ecosystem services. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms and dynamics of microbial evolution. The ...
... were already present in the source population contributed to parallel responses. Also, many microbes are of great importance to humans, not only as pathogens but for numerous essential ecosystem services. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms and dynamics of microbial evolution. The ...
Experimental elimination of parasites in nature
... that decreases in parasite-induced mortality and morbidity should drive the evolution of decreased resistance—because investing resources in resistance comes at the expense of investment in other fitness-related traits [10,11]. Supporting these ideas, resistance –fecundity trade-offs have been docum ...
... that decreases in parasite-induced mortality and morbidity should drive the evolution of decreased resistance—because investing resources in resistance comes at the expense of investment in other fitness-related traits [10,11]. Supporting these ideas, resistance –fecundity trade-offs have been docum ...
this article - International Journal of Mass Emergencies
... bombing campaigns carried out by Allied air forces during World War Two, particularly the United States Strategic Bombing Command.3 The objective of the military analysts was to target the vital links in the industrial and economic structure of the enemy and, in the process, destroy the will of its ...
... bombing campaigns carried out by Allied air forces during World War Two, particularly the United States Strategic Bombing Command.3 The objective of the military analysts was to target the vital links in the industrial and economic structure of the enemy and, in the process, destroy the will of its ...
Niche Inheritance
... Lewontin 1983). To stay alive organisms must gain resources from their external environments by “informed,” “fuelconsuming” non-random “work” (Odling-Smee et al. 2003). Organisms are therefore compelled to choose and perturb specific components of their environments. They are also compelled to chang ...
... Lewontin 1983). To stay alive organisms must gain resources from their external environments by “informed,” “fuelconsuming” non-random “work” (Odling-Smee et al. 2003). Organisms are therefore compelled to choose and perturb specific components of their environments. They are also compelled to chang ...
Ecology, Evolution, and Aesthetics
... fundamental science of nature, evolution. Thus, it misunderstands both ecology and nature. An alternative to this view would be an aesthetics based on an evolutionary understanding of nature, which holds that, although there are many functional wholes in nature, there is also significant conflict, d ...
... fundamental science of nature, evolution. Thus, it misunderstands both ecology and nature. An alternative to this view would be an aesthetics based on an evolutionary understanding of nature, which holds that, although there are many functional wholes in nature, there is also significant conflict, d ...
Sociocultural evolution
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is ""the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form"".(Note, this article focusses on that use of the term 'socio-cultural evolution' to refer to work that is not in line with contemporary understandings of the word 'evolution'. There is a separate body of academic work which uses the term 'cultural evolution' using a more consensus Darwinian understanding of the term 'evolution'. For a description of this work, based in the foundational work of DT Campbell in the 1960s and followed up by Boyd, Richerson, Cvalli-Sforza, and Feldman in the 1980s, go to Cultural evolution or Dual inheritance theory.)Most 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a general theory of social evolution centering on the development of socio-cultural systems, the work of Talcott Parsons (1902-1979), operated on a scale which included a theory of world history. Another attempt, on a less systematic scale, originated with the world-systems approach.More recent approaches focus on changes specific to individual societies and reject the idea that cultures differ primarily according to how far each one is on the linear scale of social progress. Most modern archaeologists and cultural anthropologists work within the frameworks of neoevolutionism, sociobiology and modernization theory.Many different societies have existed in the course of human history, with estimates as high as over one million separate societies; however, as of 2013, only about two hundred or so different societies survive.