Journal of Classical Sociology
... In general, Znaniecki’s intellectual biography (Znaniecka Lopata, 1965) was shaped on both sides of the Atlantic, resulting in a sociological theory in which European and American themes involving phenomenology (Grathoff, 1994) and pragmatism intermingle (Hałas, 1991a). Robert A. Nisbet’s statement ...
... In general, Znaniecki’s intellectual biography (Znaniecka Lopata, 1965) was shaped on both sides of the Atlantic, resulting in a sociological theory in which European and American themes involving phenomenology (Grathoff, 1994) and pragmatism intermingle (Hałas, 1991a). Robert A. Nisbet’s statement ...
Conceptualizing the West in International Relations
... it says about how the cultural world order is conceived by the particular author. This can be a world order defined by a sense of the unity of humanity flowing in a single developmental process, or an order which encompasses essentially separate communities pursuing their own distinctive history. It m ...
... it says about how the cultural world order is conceived by the particular author. This can be a world order defined by a sense of the unity of humanity flowing in a single developmental process, or an order which encompasses essentially separate communities pursuing their own distinctive history. It m ...
Adam Smith`s Political Philosophy: The invisible hand
... in most discussions of the notion of spontaneous order, the aim is to concentrate on what they have to say about the political theory of spontaneous orders. That is, we will consider the market, often taken to be the paradigmatic example of a spontaneous order, as one social phenomenon among others ...
... in most discussions of the notion of spontaneous order, the aim is to concentrate on what they have to say about the political theory of spontaneous orders. That is, we will consider the market, often taken to be the paradigmatic example of a spontaneous order, as one social phenomenon among others ...
Veblen and Darwinism
... Humans differ from plants and most animals, in that they have language and culture. We prefigure many actions and consequences in our minds, and act intentionally. The mechanisms of socio-economic evolution and biotic evolution are very different. In studying socio-economic evolution we are concerne ...
... Humans differ from plants and most animals, in that they have language and culture. We prefigure many actions and consequences in our minds, and act intentionally. The mechanisms of socio-economic evolution and biotic evolution are very different. In studying socio-economic evolution we are concerne ...
The Emergence of Hayek`s Ideas on Cultural Evolution
... types of knowledge: all of them are “adaptations to past experience which have grown up by selective elimination of less suitable conduct” (Hayek 1960:26). Hayek observes further that the advance of civilization does not depend on humans being omniscient. Quite the contrary, it depends on accidents ...
... types of knowledge: all of them are “adaptations to past experience which have grown up by selective elimination of less suitable conduct” (Hayek 1960:26). Hayek observes further that the advance of civilization does not depend on humans being omniscient. Quite the contrary, it depends on accidents ...
A Philosophical History of German Sociology
... dual principles of the contingency and necessity of society: sociology rapidly understood that humans have the ability to make history freely, even as their history escapes them, either because they do not control it or because it controls them by imposing its own external laws. The founding experie ...
... dual principles of the contingency and necessity of society: sociology rapidly understood that humans have the ability to make history freely, even as their history escapes them, either because they do not control it or because it controls them by imposing its own external laws. The founding experie ...
New Social Connections: Sociology`s Subjects
... in here you know; it’s almost as bad as being out there. By and large, it’s much more fun. This book addresses, or at least throws up, some of the substantive questions of sociology and its place in the world. It sets out to explore the reconfiguration and fragmentation of sociological thought and a ...
... in here you know; it’s almost as bad as being out there. By and large, it’s much more fun. This book addresses, or at least throws up, some of the substantive questions of sociology and its place in the world. It sets out to explore the reconfiguration and fragmentation of sociological thought and a ...
The Natural Law Foundations of Modern Social Theory
... the heterogeneity of the modern world, which consists of one and the same human species. Modern social theory is not the most recent incarnation of natural law. The language and modes of addressing social life have altered fundamentally, of course, and yet the social sciences can be seen as one part ...
... the heterogeneity of the modern world, which consists of one and the same human species. Modern social theory is not the most recent incarnation of natural law. The language and modes of addressing social life have altered fundamentally, of course, and yet the social sciences can be seen as one part ...
Foucault`s new functionalism
... calls a "dispositif" fit together. Foucault conceives a "function" as the most elementary unit of the power dispositifs he describes in Discipline and Punish in roughly the same way he conceives a "statement" as the basic unit of "discursive formations" in The Archeology of Knowledge.3 Although Fouc ...
... calls a "dispositif" fit together. Foucault conceives a "function" as the most elementary unit of the power dispositifs he describes in Discipline and Punish in roughly the same way he conceives a "statement" as the basic unit of "discursive formations" in The Archeology of Knowledge.3 Although Fouc ...
The Blackwell Companion to Social Theory
... action, and cultural sociology. The new edition also includes chapters on phenomenology and the sociology of the body. Whereas phenomenology has been through much of this century an important part of the foundations of sociological research, the sociology of the body is a new departure, that is resp ...
... action, and cultural sociology. The new edition also includes chapters on phenomenology and the sociology of the body. Whereas phenomenology has been through much of this century an important part of the foundations of sociological research, the sociology of the body is a new departure, that is resp ...
Simon Susen and Bryan S. Turner - BIROn
... France, unlike Britain, became involved in two major and unsuccessful colonial wars, one in Vietnam and one in Algeria. Whereas Britain abandoned its colonial past without protracted colonial conflicts, France was divided and traumatised by its attempts to secure its presence in Indo-China and North ...
... France, unlike Britain, became involved in two major and unsuccessful colonial wars, one in Vietnam and one in Algeria. Whereas Britain abandoned its colonial past without protracted colonial conflicts, France was divided and traumatised by its attempts to secure its presence in Indo-China and North ...
Richardson and Chipman 2003
... It is possible to make statements about constraints at the level of characters alone (as with forbidden morphologies or morphospace, for example). Indeed, Schwenk (’95) argues that evolutionary constraints affect characters, not clades or organisms. In the context of developmental constraints, morph ...
... It is possible to make statements about constraints at the level of characters alone (as with forbidden morphologies or morphospace, for example). Indeed, Schwenk (’95) argues that evolutionary constraints affect characters, not clades or organisms. In the context of developmental constraints, morph ...
Evolution and Design - Home page-
... Learning from the Historical Sequences of Organizations and Their Philosophies: Evolution of Knowledge and ...
... Learning from the Historical Sequences of Organizations and Their Philosophies: Evolution of Knowledge and ...
HERBERT SPENCER`S SOCIOLOGY
... of all. knowledge, which Spencer took to be the ultimate aim of philosophy; now seems more than ever difficult of achievement owing to the growing specialization of the sciences, and there are few, if any, philosophers who would now venture on an ambitious synthesis of all knowledge on the scale att ...
... of all. knowledge, which Spencer took to be the ultimate aim of philosophy; now seems more than ever difficult of achievement owing to the growing specialization of the sciences, and there are few, if any, philosophers who would now venture on an ambitious synthesis of all knowledge on the scale att ...
Ernst Mayr (1904–2005) and the new philosophy of biology
... in Berlin. Stresemann noticed Ernst’s talent for natural history and succeeded in recruiting him to zoology by promising that he could go on an expedition once his doctoral thesis was completed. This convinced Ernst who knew that as a physician he wouldn’t have the opportunity “to be sent to foreign ...
... in Berlin. Stresemann noticed Ernst’s talent for natural history and succeeded in recruiting him to zoology by promising that he could go on an expedition once his doctoral thesis was completed. This convinced Ernst who knew that as a physician he wouldn’t have the opportunity “to be sent to foreign ...
Chapter Two (doc 103 KB)
... which the rules of just conduct are negative. Grammatically, however, it would seem more correct to take the referent to be the content of the immediately preceding clause, namely, ‘to protect ascertainable domains within which each individual is free to act as he chooses’. On this interpretation, t ...
... which the rules of just conduct are negative. Grammatically, however, it would seem more correct to take the referent to be the content of the immediately preceding clause, namely, ‘to protect ascertainable domains within which each individual is free to act as he chooses’. On this interpretation, t ...
A mutualistic approach to morality: The evolution of fairness by
... models were of the first type, drawing on the notion of reciprocity as defined in game theory (Luce & Raiffa 1957; for a review, see Aumann 1981) and as introduced into evolutionary biology by Trivers (1971).4 These early models used as their paradigm case iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma games (Axelrod 19 ...
... models were of the first type, drawing on the notion of reciprocity as defined in game theory (Luce & Raiffa 1957; for a review, see Aumann 1981) and as introduced into evolutionary biology by Trivers (1971).4 These early models used as their paradigm case iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma games (Axelrod 19 ...
Studying Societies and Cultures: Marvin Harris`s Cultural
... symposia, except for those of Robert Carneiro and David Kennedy. These were invited afterwards and prepared only for this volume. Inasmuch as Harris’s work had a broad impact on all subfields of anthropology, we hope this book will be of interest to all anthropologists. Those contemporary anthropolo ...
... symposia, except for those of Robert Carneiro and David Kennedy. These were invited afterwards and prepared only for this volume. Inasmuch as Harris’s work had a broad impact on all subfields of anthropology, we hope this book will be of interest to all anthropologists. Those contemporary anthropolo ...
Max Weber`s “Modernism”
... (1749-1803), Johann von Goethe (1749-1832), Friedrich von Klinger (1752-1831) and several less famous authors. Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805) is also sometimes included in this group. These authors stressed the importance of the individual as the creator of life and culture. If the essence of mankin ...
... (1749-1803), Johann von Goethe (1749-1832), Friedrich von Klinger (1752-1831) and several less famous authors. Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805) is also sometimes included in this group. These authors stressed the importance of the individual as the creator of life and culture. If the essence of mankin ...
The Four-Field Model
... in addition to their institutions; things people made were part of the learned experience of living in society, which was culture. That concept of culture, and cultural evolution in the 19th century, appears to have fit better with natural history than other academic consolidations. The anthropology ...
... in addition to their institutions; things people made were part of the learned experience of living in society, which was culture. That concept of culture, and cultural evolution in the 19th century, appears to have fit better with natural history than other academic consolidations. The anthropology ...
Nabokov, Teleology, and Insect Mimicry
... could ever prove the existence of a transcendent intelligence that devised the aesthetic and telic laws of form and function. Aesthetic and teleological phenomena only seem to the reflective judgment to be indicative of a divine designer. Nabokov's attitude is Kantian when he writes in this oft-quo ...
... could ever prove the existence of a transcendent intelligence that devised the aesthetic and telic laws of form and function. Aesthetic and teleological phenomena only seem to the reflective judgment to be indicative of a divine designer. Nabokov's attitude is Kantian when he writes in this oft-quo ...
The Selfish Law: A Memetic Study Of The Transition
... is its developmental genealogy? Memetics also helps combat the idea that there are sharp lines to be drawn between hard sciences and social sciences. Memetics is not dualistic and fully incorporates an embodied understanding of culture. There is no separation of culture from biological actors in th ...
... is its developmental genealogy? Memetics also helps combat the idea that there are sharp lines to be drawn between hard sciences and social sciences. Memetics is not dualistic and fully incorporates an embodied understanding of culture. There is no separation of culture from biological actors in th ...
SOMETHING ELSE Forthcoming in Common Knowledge, Vol. 13
... perplexities—the complications—associated with his death extended far beyond his physical condition, and that some of us were going to have to rise to the challenge of more precisely saying why he was such a towering influence. Reading the Wall Street Journal’s truly belligerent (and inaccurate) obi ...
... perplexities—the complications—associated with his death extended far beyond his physical condition, and that some of us were going to have to rise to the challenge of more precisely saying why he was such a towering influence. Reading the Wall Street Journal’s truly belligerent (and inaccurate) obi ...
THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY Peter L. Berger is
... licit in its title and sub-title, namely, that reality is socially constructed and that the sociology of knowledge must analyse the process in which this occurs. The key terms in these con tentions are 'reality' and 'knowledge', terms that are not only current in everyday speech, but that have behi ...
... licit in its title and sub-title, namely, that reality is socially constructed and that the sociology of knowledge must analyse the process in which this occurs. The key terms in these con tentions are 'reality' and 'knowledge', terms that are not only current in everyday speech, but that have behi ...
book - University of Westminster Press
... having mere superstructural character. At the same time, it is, however, difficult to deny the significant role of cultural labour and communications in contemporary society. Countering dominant trends, I have argued for a media and communication studies-focused reading of Marx and Marxism (Fuchs 20 ...
... having mere superstructural character. At the same time, it is, however, difficult to deny the significant role of cultural labour and communications in contemporary society. Countering dominant trends, I have argued for a media and communication studies-focused reading of Marx and Marxism (Fuchs 20 ...
Sociocultural evolution
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or cultural evolution are theories of cultural and social evolution that describe how cultures and societies change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity (degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is ""the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form"".(Note, this article focusses on that use of the term 'socio-cultural evolution' to refer to work that is not in line with contemporary understandings of the word 'evolution'. There is a separate body of academic work which uses the term 'cultural evolution' using a more consensus Darwinian understanding of the term 'evolution'. For a description of this work, based in the foundational work of DT Campbell in the 1960s and followed up by Boyd, Richerson, Cvalli-Sforza, and Feldman in the 1980s, go to Cultural evolution or Dual inheritance theory.)Most 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a general theory of social evolution centering on the development of socio-cultural systems, the work of Talcott Parsons (1902-1979), operated on a scale which included a theory of world history. Another attempt, on a less systematic scale, originated with the world-systems approach.More recent approaches focus on changes specific to individual societies and reject the idea that cultures differ primarily according to how far each one is on the linear scale of social progress. Most modern archaeologists and cultural anthropologists work within the frameworks of neoevolutionism, sociobiology and modernization theory.Many different societies have existed in the course of human history, with estimates as high as over one million separate societies; however, as of 2013, only about two hundred or so different societies survive.