Name Period - TJ
... In summary, Charles Darwin described the idea of natural selection as a fundamental mechanism of change. Natural selection is a process in which the various heritable traits within a population are acted upon by environmental stresses. Those organisms possessing heritable traits that make them bette ...
... In summary, Charles Darwin described the idea of natural selection as a fundamental mechanism of change. Natural selection is a process in which the various heritable traits within a population are acted upon by environmental stresses. Those organisms possessing heritable traits that make them bette ...
Conspecific versus heterospecific gene exchange between
... of gene exchange and the island of origin of immigrants in some cases. The relatively large populations of Geospiza fortis and G. scandens receive conspecific immigrants at a rate of less than one per generation. They exchange genes more frequently by rare but repeated hybridization. Effects of hete ...
... of gene exchange and the island of origin of immigrants in some cases. The relatively large populations of Geospiza fortis and G. scandens receive conspecific immigrants at a rate of less than one per generation. They exchange genes more frequently by rare but repeated hybridization. Effects of hete ...
The Growth of Structural and Functional Complexity
... vague as to be almost meaningless. Edmonds (1996, this volume) gives a good review of the different definitions and their shortcomings, concluding that complexity necessarily depends on the language that is used to model the system. Still, I believe there is a common, “objective” core in the differe ...
... vague as to be almost meaningless. Edmonds (1996, this volume) gives a good review of the different definitions and their shortcomings, concluding that complexity necessarily depends on the language that is used to model the system. Still, I believe there is a common, “objective” core in the differe ...
Reprint
... oretical results have demonstrated that the inclusion of frequency-dependent selection can, in general, substantially alter predictions about life-history evolution (Mirmirani and Oster 1978; Abrams 1983, 1989; Charlesworth 1993; Kawecki 1993; Day and Taylor 1996, 2000; Heino et al. 1997; Svensson a ...
... oretical results have demonstrated that the inclusion of frequency-dependent selection can, in general, substantially alter predictions about life-history evolution (Mirmirani and Oster 1978; Abrams 1983, 1989; Charlesworth 1993; Kawecki 1993; Day and Taylor 1996, 2000; Heino et al. 1997; Svensson a ...
Descended from Darwin
... see, have perpetuated claims made by synthesis authors about the work done by the previous generation of biologists. Some who have written about the development of evolutionary theory after Darwin have gone as far as simply ignoring an entire generation of biologists. For example, Ruse’s “really big ...
... see, have perpetuated claims made by synthesis authors about the work done by the previous generation of biologists. Some who have written about the development of evolutionary theory after Darwin have gone as far as simply ignoring an entire generation of biologists. For example, Ruse’s “really big ...
The struggle for existence. How the notion of carrying capacity, K
... understanding population regulation in the simplest organisms or cases, and many general conclusions from logistic models should be true also for more realistic situations. Furthermore, the Lotka-Volterra extension of the logistic to competition is also unrealistic for the same reasons as is the log ...
... understanding population regulation in the simplest organisms or cases, and many general conclusions from logistic models should be true also for more realistic situations. Furthermore, the Lotka-Volterra extension of the logistic to competition is also unrealistic for the same reasons as is the log ...
High school students` conceptual understanding of natural selection
... Table 6.2: T-test results for pair-wise comparison of overall CINS pre-test and post-test scores for three types of classes ...................................................................................... 27 Table 7.1: Wording of each CINS question pertaining to the research studyTopic of vari ...
... Table 6.2: T-test results for pair-wise comparison of overall CINS pre-test and post-test scores for three types of classes ...................................................................................... 27 Table 7.1: Wording of each CINS question pertaining to the research studyTopic of vari ...
An Introduction to Biological Aging Theory
... Introductory biology courses currently teach that Darwin’s natural selection theory is scientifically generally accepted as the complete and comprehensive explanation for the evolution process. In connection with aging and lifespan observations, major difficulties immediately appeared. Darwin’s idea ...
... Introductory biology courses currently teach that Darwin’s natural selection theory is scientifically generally accepted as the complete and comprehensive explanation for the evolution process. In connection with aging and lifespan observations, major difficulties immediately appeared. Darwin’s idea ...
Diversity/Biology Unit—Middle School Science EDG 641, Winter
... I can list the rules that scientists use while writing scientific names. I can classify animal adaptations that are used for 1)protection, 2)obtaining food, 3)locomotion, 4)avoiding a predator, 5)attracting a mate, and 6)surviving a change in temperature. I can explain how specific plants have adapt ...
... I can list the rules that scientists use while writing scientific names. I can classify animal adaptations that are used for 1)protection, 2)obtaining food, 3)locomotion, 4)avoiding a predator, 5)attracting a mate, and 6)surviving a change in temperature. I can explain how specific plants have adapt ...
Palaeontologia Electronica Extinction: Evolution and the End of Man
... from T. rex (p. 26). Unfortunately, T. rex had not evolved until the Cretaceous. Despite our fondness for Jurassic Park and the cool T. rex depicted in it, it still is a fictional movie. (4) Adding insult to injury, figure 2.3 (p. 44) shows that ornithischians arose in the late Paleozoic, and that t ...
... from T. rex (p. 26). Unfortunately, T. rex had not evolved until the Cretaceous. Despite our fondness for Jurassic Park and the cool T. rex depicted in it, it still is a fictional movie. (4) Adding insult to injury, figure 2.3 (p. 44) shows that ornithischians arose in the late Paleozoic, and that t ...
What was Fisher`s fundamental theorem of natural selection and
... characters, or discontinuous—consisting in ‘jerks’ or major shifts from one ‘stable’ state to another. The paradox of this dual influence may in part be resolved by a close look at tensions in Galton’s own thought on heredity and evolution via natural selection. In the 1890s, Galton argued that Darwi ...
... characters, or discontinuous—consisting in ‘jerks’ or major shifts from one ‘stable’ state to another. The paradox of this dual influence may in part be resolved by a close look at tensions in Galton’s own thought on heredity and evolution via natural selection. In the 1890s, Galton argued that Darwi ...
Four Pillars of Statisticalism
... are proprietary in the sense that, each process—selection and drift—has its own distinct kind of effect, each called after its supposed cause. There is thus a distinction to be made between selection the process (which is the cause) and selection the product (which is the effect), and similarly betwee ...
... are proprietary in the sense that, each process—selection and drift—has its own distinct kind of effect, each called after its supposed cause. There is thus a distinction to be made between selection the process (which is the cause) and selection the product (which is the effect), and similarly betwee ...
Formalizing Darwinism and inclusive fitness theory
... choice of direction in genotype frequency space and a direction that is taken by the whole population. The biological concept of fitness maximization is quite different. It is about a choice of some phenotypic trait, perhaps size or sex ratio, clarity of cornea or strength of bone, and where the tra ...
... choice of direction in genotype frequency space and a direction that is taken by the whole population. The biological concept of fitness maximization is quite different. It is about a choice of some phenotypic trait, perhaps size or sex ratio, clarity of cornea or strength of bone, and where the tra ...
Fast identification and statistical evaluation
... Evolutionary dynamics of meiotic drive • Distorter locus spreads due to its transmission advantage – Linked suppressor locus can arise to prevent drive against itself ...
... Evolutionary dynamics of meiotic drive • Distorter locus spreads due to its transmission advantage – Linked suppressor locus can arise to prevent drive against itself ...
Ch. 2 OLC questions
... isolated systems that an alternative explanation would be hard to provide. For example, in both regions the frequency of melanistic individuals increases with increasing pollution, and then declines as pollution subsides. The correct answer is b— C. Answer c is incorrect. The parallel increase and d ...
... isolated systems that an alternative explanation would be hard to provide. For example, in both regions the frequency of melanistic individuals increases with increasing pollution, and then declines as pollution subsides. The correct answer is b— C. Answer c is incorrect. The parallel increase and d ...
1. In Darwin`s finches— a. occurrence of wet and dry years
... isolated systems that an alternative explanation would be hard to provide. For example, in both regions the frequency of melanistic individuals increases with increasing pollution, and then declines as pollution subsides. The correct answer is b— C. Answer c is incorrect. The parallel increase and d ...
... isolated systems that an alternative explanation would be hard to provide. For example, in both regions the frequency of melanistic individuals increases with increasing pollution, and then declines as pollution subsides. The correct answer is b— C. Answer c is incorrect. The parallel increase and d ...
Canalization, Genetic Assimilation and Preadaptation: A
... environments. In fact, according to his view, as soon as a population faces a sudden but lasting alteration of the environment, or colonizes an unfamiliar habitat, a number of phenotypic changes are likely to emerge, directly induced by stressful external conditions. Some of these changes, being mor ...
... environments. In fact, according to his view, as soon as a population faces a sudden but lasting alteration of the environment, or colonizes an unfamiliar habitat, a number of phenotypic changes are likely to emerge, directly induced by stressful external conditions. Some of these changes, being mor ...
Ever Since Darwin - A Website About Stephen Jay Gould`s Essays
... reproduce – and even if it were, more than a rhetorical claim of analogy would be required to prove it. The underlying importance of natural selection in the Darwinist paradigm, Bethell notes (and Gould agrees), is that it is responsible for the creation of new species. Variation is present and very ...
... reproduce – and even if it were, more than a rhetorical claim of analogy would be required to prove it. The underlying importance of natural selection in the Darwinist paradigm, Bethell notes (and Gould agrees), is that it is responsible for the creation of new species. Variation is present and very ...
Philosophy of Science, 69 (September 2002) pp
... these increases are exactly balanced by crosses of AA and BB to produce AB's. So the proportions of homozygotes and heterozygotes are preserved generation after generation, as p2AA + 2pqAB + q2BB. Thus, so is the variance one reason why evolutionists like the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle. Va ...
... these increases are exactly balanced by crosses of AA and BB to produce AB's. So the proportions of homozygotes and heterozygotes are preserved generation after generation, as p2AA + 2pqAB + q2BB. Thus, so is the variance one reason why evolutionists like the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle. Va ...
Phenotypic plasticity in evolutionary rescue experiments
... response can differ from the one where the expressed trait affects fitness [15,29–34], for instance, if the former is experienced earlier in life than the latter, or if plasticity is in response to a partially unreliable cue used as a proxy for the fitness-determining environment (e.g. photoperiod f ...
... response can differ from the one where the expressed trait affects fitness [15,29–34], for instance, if the former is experienced earlier in life than the latter, or if plasticity is in response to a partially unreliable cue used as a proxy for the fitness-determining environment (e.g. photoperiod f ...
Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Urodela
... emphasized the need to differentiate between heterochrony at the interspecific (the original meaning) versus the intraspecific level. These authors introduced a new set of terms for intraspecific heterochrony. Although they noted that heterochrony applies to individual traits rather than the whole o ...
... emphasized the need to differentiate between heterochrony at the interspecific (the original meaning) versus the intraspecific level. These authors introduced a new set of terms for intraspecific heterochrony. Although they noted that heterochrony applies to individual traits rather than the whole o ...
Transformations of Lamarckism
... fact, is what the present volume is about. The volume is based on the papers presented and the discussions that took place in our workshop, and it describes work from a wide range of disciplines. Because of this we have included a glossary of some of the specialist terms that may be unfamiliar to th ...
... fact, is what the present volume is about. The volume is based on the papers presented and the discussions that took place in our workshop, and it describes work from a wide range of disciplines. Because of this we have included a glossary of some of the specialist terms that may be unfamiliar to th ...
Artificial selection on flowering time: influence on reproductive
... light availability; for example, forest edges, roadsides and stream banks. The study population is located on a steep hillside on Beanfield Mountain, near Mountain Lake Biological Station in south-western Virginia, USA (37¢21¢¢297N, 80¢33¢¢249W). In this population, plants grow both under a deciduous ...
... light availability; for example, forest edges, roadsides and stream banks. The study population is located on a steep hillside on Beanfield Mountain, near Mountain Lake Biological Station in south-western Virginia, USA (37¢21¢¢297N, 80¢33¢¢249W). In this population, plants grow both under a deciduous ...
The Origin of Species
... still produce normal sized offspring. Lamarck’s theory does not fit with the testable science of genetics. ...
... still produce normal sized offspring. Lamarck’s theory does not fit with the testable science of genetics. ...
Niche Inheritance
... explanatory reference device. The standard theory seeks to explain the internal properties of organisms, their adaptations, exclusively in terms of properties of their external environments, natural selection pressures (Figure 1a). The principal point the standard theory obscures is that organisms a ...
... explanatory reference device. The standard theory seeks to explain the internal properties of organisms, their adaptations, exclusively in terms of properties of their external environments, natural selection pressures (Figure 1a). The principal point the standard theory obscures is that organisms a ...