Download Chapter 16 - Davis School District

Chapter 16
Medicine and Illegal Drugs
Lesson 1
• What are drugs?
Drugs
• Is any chemical substances that causes a
change in a person’s physical or psychological
state.
How drugs enter your body
• 1-ointments or
eardrops applied
directly to certain
areas
• 2transdermal(patch
es allow
absorption into
bloodstream)
• 3-Smoked or
inhaled
• 4-Injected
• 5-swallowed
Lesson 2
• Using Drugs as
Medicine
Medicine
• Any drug that is used to cure, prevent, or treat
illness or discomfort
Prescription Medicine
• Written order from a doctor for a certain
medicine or treatment
Over-the-counter
• Any medicine that can be bought without a
prescription
Drug Interaction
• Any effect of a drug that is different from what
should be expected if the drug is taken at the
same time as another drug
Side effect
• Any effect that is caused by a drug and that is
different from the drug’s intended effect
– Loss of hair
– Dizziness,
– Exhaustion
– Nausea
– others
Tolerance
• Is the body’s ability to
resist the effects of a drug
Food and Drug Administration(FDA)
• Government agency that controls the safety of
food and drugs in the United States
Drug Approval Process
Scientists
develop a
new drug
• Scientist test
drug on
animals
If drug testing
on animals
seem to be
safe
• Drugs are
tested on
humans who
have
If the test on
humans
proves to be
useful then it
is approved
• FDA reviews
the research
and approves
or rejects the
drug
Lesson 3
• Drug Abuse and Addiction
Drug Addiction
• Uncontrollable use of a drug
Dependence
• A person needing a drug in order to function
properly
Physical Dependence
• Body’s need for a drug
Withdrawals
• Symptoms
– Depression
– Nervousness
– Sleeplessness
– irritability
Problems with addiction
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hurts oneself
Hurts others
Mood swings
Lying to loved ones
Focusing in school
Cost of addiction
Lesson 4
• Stimulants and Depressants
Stimulants
•
•
•
•
Drug that increases the body’s activity
Increases heart rate
Increases breathing
Increases blood pressure
Examples of stimulants
• Mild stimulants
– Tea
– Coffee
– Soft drinks
– Chocolate
• Hard stimulants
– Crack
– Cocaine
– methamphetamine
Cocaine and Crack
• Most widely abused
illegal stimulants.
Comes from a coca
plant grown in South
America.
• Cocaine is usually
inhaled
• Crack (rock)is
smoked
Physical symptoms of Crack and
Cocaine
•
•
•
•
•
•
Increase of heart rate
Increase of blood pressure
Heart attack
Strokes
Brain damage
death
Euphoria
• A physical or mental sense of well-being
Methamphetamine
• Very powerful synthetic stimulant
– Smoked
– Injected
• Decrease appetite
• Increase body temperature
–
–
–
–
Damage to kidneys
Damage to liver
Damage to brain
Death
Depressants
• Decreases body activity
– Decrease blood pressure
– Drop in heart rate
– Drop in breathing
Sedatives
• Have a mild relaxation to deep sleep
Tranquilizers
• Are mild depressants that
are used in small doses to
treat anxiety
Barbiturates
• Strong depressants
that are used to treat
sleep disorders and
seizures
Hypnotics
• Extremely powerful
depressants that can cause
sleep, loss of muscle control,
and loss of memory
Rohypnol
• Powerful hypnotic
depressant
• Used for surgery
and to treat sleep
disorders
• Not used in
America but is
brought in from
other countries
Lesson 5
• Marijuana
Marijuana
• Is a dried flower and leaf from the Cannabis
plant
• Many different names
– Pot
– Dope
– Mary Jane
– Green
– Bud
– reefer
Effects of Marijuana
• Some feel a stimulant affect
• Some feel a depressant affect
– Mild euphoria
– Distortion of time and distance
– Reduced energy and coordination
– Sensitivity to sights and sounds
– Increased appetite
– Decreased memory
– Slower reaction time
THC
• tetrahydrocannabinol
Serious effects of marijuana
•
•
•
•
•
Thinking and concentration decreased
Difficulty reaching any goals
Decreases energy
Circulatory problems
emphysema
Lesson 6
• Opiates
Opiates
• Milk from a opium poppy
Opiates
• Extremely addictive sometime after just one
use
• Often there is a strong tolerance so there is a
danger of overdose
Opiate withdrawals
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cramps
Vomiting
Muscle pain
Shaking
Chills
Panic attacks
Medical uses for Opiates
• Painkillers
• Suppress coughs
• Intestinal problems
Heroin
• Most
powerful
addictive
opiate that
exists
• It is made
from
morphine
• Can be
smoked,
inhaled or
injected.
Lesson 7
• Hallucinogens and Inhalants
Hallucinogens
• Any drug that
causes a
person to hear
or see things
that are not
present.
Flashback
• Is an event in which a
hallucinogen’s effects
happen again long after
the drug was originally
taken
– They occur days, weeks
or even years.
– They last for seconds to
hours
Inhalant
• Any drug that is absorbed
through the lungs
•
•
•
•
•
Household cleaners
Spray paint
Glues
Freon
Nitrous oxide (laughing gas
Inhalants produce
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hallucinations
Lack of coordination
Distortion of time and distance
Difficulty speaking or thinking
Brain damage
Sudden death
Designer Drugs
• Is a drug that is produced by making a small
chemical change to a drug that already exists
– Ecstasy
– GHB
– Ketamine
Ecstasy(MDMA)
• Mind-altering drug that was created from the
powerful stimulant methamphetamine
– XTC
–E
–X
– Adam
Ecstasy
• Causes
–
–
–
–
–
–
Dry mouth
Nausea
Confusion
Blurred vision
Muscle tension
Dehydration
– Seizures
– Violent shaking in the
muscles
– Heart failure
– Sleep disorders
– Memory loss
– Brain damage
GHB
Is a drug that is made from
anesthetics. Common ingredient is in
pesticides
GHB effects
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dizziness
Vomiting
Loss of memory
Trouble breathing
Inability to move
Loss of consciousness
Death
Ketamine
• Is a powerful drug that is closely related to the
hallucinogen PCP (angel dust). This drug is
most often used during surgery on people or
animals.
• Gives you a sense of dissociation (separation
from reality)
• Causes permanent memory loss and coma
Lesson 9
• Staying drug free
Reasons to stay drug free
• 1- Staying healthy
• 2-Staying in
control
• 3-Making good
decisions
• 4-Staying out of
jail
• 5-saving your
money
Refusing
Drugs
•
•
•
•
Avoid situation with people who have drugs
Just say “No thanks”
Give reasons for not taking the drugs
Just leave
Lesson 10
• Getting help
Knowing when to get help
• First you need to realize that there is a
problem
Intervention
• A gathering in which the people who are close
to a person who is abusing drugs try to get the
person to accept help by relation stories of
how his or her drug problem has affected
them
Counseling
• A professional who is trained to offer advice
and solutions for emotional problems by
addressing the emotional problem behind the
drug problem
Treatment Centers
• A facility with trained doctors and counselors
where people who abuse drugs can get help
for their problems
Detoxification
• Is the process by which the body rids itself of
harmful chemicals
Support Groups
• A group of people who have undergone the
same or very similar problems.
Many
Paths to
Wellness
Drug Problem
Intervention
Treatment
Centers
Support Group
Counseling
Wellness
Chapter 16
Medicine and Illegal Drugs