Download midterm 2 study guide - UCSD Cognitive Science

MIDTERM 2 STUDY GUIDE: Cognitive Science 174
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
What role does parental approval and availability play in marijuana use among teenagers?
Why is heroin more addictive than morphine?
What role did Timothy Leary play in the history of hallucinogenic use in the US?
Why is the half life of marijuana (up to 10 days) so long?
What makes Ecstacy unique? what are its advantages over standard hallucinogenic therapy?
What receptors do opiates bind to? What is their primary function? How do they affect GABA
transmission?
What drugs produce stereotypical motor behaviors at high doses?
Which has a longer half-life: cocaine or amphetamines? What is one explanation for this?
How does marijuana affect learning and memory?
Where are the cannabinoid receptors? How does it map to functions affected by THC?
Describe the general effects hallucinogens have on perception/cognition.
Why is cocaethylene not a good thing?
Why are stimulants administered to hyperactive children?
What’s your best argument for rescheduling marijuana?
Explain one mechanism of action for endocannabinoids: depolarization-induced suppression of
inhibition (DSI).
What are the four categories of hallucinogens? Know some examples of drugs in each category.
How do opiates affect the transmission of pain information in the periphery?
Drug X is highly addictive and has the following symptoms: causes blood vessel dilation and
promotes blood flow. Individuals report feeling warm, lethargic, and unwilling to do much. What
would be three symptoms of withdrawal?
Dysphoria is one consequence of withdrawal from stimulants? Why is this?
Is there cross-tolerance between opiates?
What’s one common mechanism of tolerance across various drugs?
What social and economic factors affect drug use and abuse?
Describe the neurotoxic effects of MDMA. What is one possible mechanism?
A new drug extracted from the Acacia plant and tested for addictiveness. In the lab, mice fail to
self-administer the drug, thus scientists conclude that it’s a safe drug. Would you agree?
Explain the role of set and setting in drug addiction. How do they explain ‘bad trips’?
What’s the difference between psychedelic and psycholytic therapy?
What is conditioned marketing? (from DVD: Selling Sickness)
Provide an argument for why marijuana is/isn’t a “gateway” drug.
Explain how a cocaine vaccine is possible.
Barbiturates have effects similar to alcohol. However, Ro15-4513 blocks alcohol intoxication but
has no effect on barbiturates. Why?
What is the pharmacodynamics of stimulants? What pharmacotherapies are useful?
Why were heroin-addicted Vietnam soldiers better off upon returning to the U.S. compared to
home-grown addicts?
Why are naloxone and naltrexone so effective in heroin addiction? How do they differ?
Why are heroin addicts vulnerable to relapse even months after they’ve stopped taking the drug.
Why do you think that LSD causes synesthesia in some people?
What’s the difference between Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica?
Why is marinol (pure THC) not as effective as marijuana smoke for some disorders?
Describe two hypothesized role for Endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2-AG).
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
What is freebase cocaine? why is it more addictive than regular cocaine?
Explain how DRN (dorsal raphe nuclei) suppression is related to hallucinogenesis
What is the difference between unipolar versus bipolar depression? what is SAD?
What is the relationship between cortisol and depression?
Know what the standard explanation for depression has been? why is this problematic?
What are the various categories of antidepressants? what makes them different?
What are typical SSRI withdrawal symptoms?