Download Ch 31 vocabulary list

Ch 31 vocabulary list
1. pathogen
2. infectious disease
3. nonspecific defense
4. inflammatory response
5. histamine
6. interferon
7. immunity
8. antigen
9. antibody
10. B cell
11. T cell
12. plasma cell
13. humoral immunity
14. cell-mediated immunity
15. cytotoxic T cell
16. helper T cell
17. memory cell
18. vaccine
19. active immunity
20. passive immunity
21. allergy
22. autoimmune disease
23. AIDS
24. HIV
Chapter 31 – Vocabulary
1. pathogen- a disease-causing organism or virus (Concepts 16.4, 31.1)
2. infectious disease- disease caused by a pathogen (Concept 31.1)
3. nonspecific defense- physical or chemical barrier that prevents pathogens from entering the body
(Concept 31.2)
4. inflammatory response- nonspecific defense against infection, characterized by redness, heat, swelling,
and pain (Concept 31.2)
5. histamine- chemical alarm signal released by mast cells that causes blood vessels to dilate during an
inflammatory response (Concept 31.2)
6. interferon- protein produced by cells in response to being infected by a virus; helps other cells resist the
virus (Concept 31.2)
7. immunity- resistance to a specific pathogen (Concept 31.3)
8. antigen- foreign molecule that provokes an immune response (Concept 31.3)
9. antibody- protein in blood plasma that attaches to a particular antigen (Concept 31.3)
10. B cell- lymphocyte that matures in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies; responsible for
humoral immunity (Concept 31.3)
11. T cell- lymphocyte that matures in the thymus; is responsible for cell-mediated immunity and also plays
a role in humoral immunity (Concept 31.3)
12. plasma cell- antibody-secreting B cell (Concept 31.3)
13. humoral immunity- specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in
body fluids (Concept 31.3)
14. cell-mediated immunity- type of immunity produced by T cells that attack infected or abnormal body
cells (Concept 31.3)
15. cytotoxic T cell- lymphocyte that attacks body cells infected with pathogens (Concept 31.3)
16. helper T cell- lymphocyte that activates cytotoxic T cells and stimulates B cells to produce antibodies
(Concept 31.3)
17. memory cell- long-lasting lymphocyte formed during the primary immune response that is reactivated
on exposure to the same pathogen, quickly producing many clones (Concept 31.3)
18. vaccine- dose of a disabled or destroyed pathogen (or part of a pathogen) used to stimulate a long-term
immune defense against the pathogen (Concepts 16.5, 31.4)
19. active immunity- immunity provided by the body producing its own antibodies against a particular
antigen; results from exposure to the antigen via infection or vaccine (Concept 31.4)
20. passive immunity- resistance to a particular pathogen that results when the body acquires antibodies for
it, as when a baby receives antibodies from its mother (Concept 31.4)
21. allergy- abnormal immune system sensitivity to an otherwise harmless antigen (Concept 31.5)
22. autoimmune disease- disorder in which the immune system attacks the body's own molecules (Concept
31.5)
23. AIDS- acquired immune deficiency syndrome; the late stages of HIV infection (Concept 31.5)
24. HIV- (human immunodeficiency virus): virus that destroys helper T cells and causes AIDS (Concept
31.5)