Download Unit 6 Notes File

Name: ____________________________________________________
Unified Biology 1
Date: _________________
Period: ____________
Notes: Unit 6
Circulatory and
Immune Systems
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Part 1: Circulatory System
Key Questions:
1. How do necessary molecules enter the circulatory system and cells?
2. What are the parts and functions of the circulatory system?
Parts of the Circulatory System:
1. ______________________________________________________
a. Carry _______________________________________ blood ______________________
from heart to the rest of the body
b. When you feel your PULSE, you can feel the blood flowing through
your arteries each time your heart beats
2. ______________________________________________________
a. Return _____________________________________ blood back to the heart from
all parts of the body
3. ______________________________________________________
a. ____________________ blood vessels that are thin enough to allow for
____________________________ of materials between the
_____________ and the capillaries
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4. _______________________________________________________
a. Function of the heart: ______________________________________________________
b. Characteristics:
i. _________________________________________________________________________
ii. Made of 2 sides – one side contains ________________________________
and one side contains ________________________________________________
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5. __________________________________________________________
a. Functions: ________________________________ things like ______________________
and _________________________________ throughout an organism
b. Made of ________________________ and ____________________________
1. Plasma:
a. Made mostly of _______________________________
b. Where all materials are __________________________________________
_______________________________________________
2. Cells include : ____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Cell Type
RBC
WBC
Platelets
Function
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Question: Why does your heart rate increase during exercise?
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Part 2: The Immune System
Key Questions:
1. What are pathogens, and how do they affect living things?
2. What are the functions of the immune system, and how does it protect
humans?
3. What is active and passive immunity?
4. What are antibodies, and how do they protect us?
5. What are vaccines, and how do they protect us?
Part 1. Define Pathogen: ________________________________________, and other
microorganisms that cause ___________________________________
Part 2: Defense systems against pathogens
a. First line defenses: ___________________________________________________________,
tears, stomach acid, etc.
b. Second line defenses:
a. Kicks in if pathogen gets past the 1st line
b. Results in _________________________________________________________________
c. Attracts special WBC’s to come and ingest pathogens (nonspecific)
c. Third line defenses:
a. The __________________________________________________________________
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1. Define Immunity: When the body is able to _______________________
________________________________________
2. Key terms:
a. Define antigen:
 A _____________________________________________________ that
can cause an immune response
 _______________________________________________________________
b. Define antibody:
 ________________________ proteins created by WBCs that
bind to ____________________________ to help
destroy _________________________
 ________________________________ results from the
production of ______________________________
specific to a given ______________________________
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c. Define Active Immunity: When the body makes its own
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
a. Define vaccine:
 Injection with a solution that contains
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
 Causes body to make __________________________
d. Define Passive Immunity:
 Body does not make its own antibodies
 Temporary immunity
 Examples: ____________________________________________
Part 3: Other topics for Immunity:
1. Why can you get sick with some types of illnesses again and again (stomach
bugs, influenza – flu)?
o Some pathogens have a high _______________________________________________
o The body would see the mutated pathogen as something new and it
would have to make new _______________________________________
2. Allergies
 When the ____________________________________________________________________
(things that are not harmful like dust)
 Results in runny nose, itchy eyes, swollen throat
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3. Transplanted Organs
 Immune system reacts to foreign _______________________ by producing
___________________________________ to fight off new organ (seen as
a foreign invader)
 Recipient needs to take medication forever to decrease immune
response
4. HIV and AIDS
a. HIV is the __________________ that can lead to the development of _____________
b. HIV needs a _____________________________ in order to reproduce and make
copies of itself
c. HIV destroys specific ___________________________________________________________
which decreases the ability to fight off infection
d. HIV is transmitted through ________________________________ (blood, semen,
breast milk, vaginal secretions)
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