30.4 The Ecdysozoa
... Trichinella spiralis. Elephantiasis is caused by a roundworm called the filarial worm. Pinworm and hookworm infections are more common in the United States. Arthropods Arthropods are extremely diverse. Over one million species have been discovered and described. Arthropods have jointed appendages an ...
... Trichinella spiralis. Elephantiasis is caused by a roundworm called the filarial worm. Pinworm and hookworm infections are more common in the United States. Arthropods Arthropods are extremely diverse. Over one million species have been discovered and described. Arthropods have jointed appendages an ...
Unit 10 Comfort and Discomfort
... supine position: dorsal recumbent P side lying position: lateral P Fowler’s position: Semisitting P orthopneic position prone position trendelenburg position dorsal elevated position knee chest position lithotomy position ...
... supine position: dorsal recumbent P side lying position: lateral P Fowler’s position: Semisitting P orthopneic position prone position trendelenburg position dorsal elevated position knee chest position lithotomy position ...
Are animals smart? Things we can learn from animals.
... ■ Evidence suggests NOT necessarily random ■ Set of similar characteristics that most superstitious behaviors share – Responses are almost innate responses or previously learned responses – Responses are related to the Reinforcer ■ Looks like biology may be important! ...
... ■ Evidence suggests NOT necessarily random ■ Set of similar characteristics that most superstitious behaviors share – Responses are almost innate responses or previously learned responses – Responses are related to the Reinforcer ■ Looks like biology may be important! ...
coarse touch
... Neuropathic pain is usually produced by damage to the peripheral nervous systems. In contrast to nociceptive pain, it is described as burning, electric, tingling, or shooting. Neuropathic pain is characterized by chronic pain experience: allodynia and hyperalgesia. Allodynia: pain resulting from a s ...
... Neuropathic pain is usually produced by damage to the peripheral nervous systems. In contrast to nociceptive pain, it is described as burning, electric, tingling, or shooting. Neuropathic pain is characterized by chronic pain experience: allodynia and hyperalgesia. Allodynia: pain resulting from a s ...
Chapter 10 Sponges, Cnidarians, Worms and Mollusks
... 2. Allow food and oxygen to enter C. Central cavity 1. Allows water to leave 2. Allows waste products to leave D. Spicules form skeleton 1. Chalky or glasslike substance 2. Provide protection E. Reproduction 1. Sexual 2. Asexual F. Uses 1. Provide antibiotics 2. Home and food for worms, shrimp and s ...
... 2. Allow food and oxygen to enter C. Central cavity 1. Allows water to leave 2. Allows waste products to leave D. Spicules form skeleton 1. Chalky or glasslike substance 2. Provide protection E. Reproduction 1. Sexual 2. Asexual F. Uses 1. Provide antibiotics 2. Home and food for worms, shrimp and s ...
interventional pain management
... DR J KURIAN MD MRCP FRCA FFPM CONSULTANT ANAESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE ...
... DR J KURIAN MD MRCP FRCA FFPM CONSULTANT ANAESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE ...
holt 7th ch 14 test
... 6. The small intestine absorbs nutrients and the large intestine forms feces as part of the ______________________. 7. Many animals have a body cavity, called a(n) ______________________, that surrounds and protects groups of organs. 8. Which of the following is NOT true about animals? a. They are m ...
... 6. The small intestine absorbs nutrients and the large intestine forms feces as part of the ______________________. 7. Many animals have a body cavity, called a(n) ______________________, that surrounds and protects groups of organs. 8. Which of the following is NOT true about animals? a. They are m ...
Attention guiding and hypnosis for acute pain
... hypnotic trance, however, is led by the patient imagined focusing, escorted by a specialist. A scheduled therapy session is arranged with the patient, which takes place under special conditions. It includes an induction, by means of which the patient is placed in an altered state of consciousness. A ...
... hypnotic trance, however, is led by the patient imagined focusing, escorted by a specialist. A scheduled therapy session is arranged with the patient, which takes place under special conditions. It includes an induction, by means of which the patient is placed in an altered state of consciousness. A ...
Biology 320 Invertebrate Zoology Fall 2005
... Hydrostatic skeleton – animal has a water-filled cavity (i.e. gastrovascular cavity, coelom, etc.). Muscle contractions displace water, generating force that can be used to do work ...
... Hydrostatic skeleton – animal has a water-filled cavity (i.e. gastrovascular cavity, coelom, etc.). Muscle contractions displace water, generating force that can be used to do work ...
Animals and Simple Animals
... An animal is a eukaryotic, multicellular, animal that uses movement to transport from place to place. Animals get food by eating food. Most animals reproduce sexually, and have sense organs that help them adapt to their surroundings. Animals also use energy to stay ...
... An animal is a eukaryotic, multicellular, animal that uses movement to transport from place to place. Animals get food by eating food. Most animals reproduce sexually, and have sense organs that help them adapt to their surroundings. Animals also use energy to stay ...
4/20 & 4/21 - 7th Grade Agenda
... The balanced arrangement of a butterfly’s body is called ymmetry ilateral B_______ S________ • What are some characteristics of Bilateral Symmetry Animals? • Larger & More complex than radial symmetry animals • Moves more quickly • Sense organ in the front ...
... The balanced arrangement of a butterfly’s body is called ymmetry ilateral B_______ S________ • What are some characteristics of Bilateral Symmetry Animals? • Larger & More complex than radial symmetry animals • Moves more quickly • Sense organ in the front ...
Parade of Kingdoms musical chairs
... 15. Which of these gives rise to an animal’s integumentary and nervous systems? ...
... 15. Which of these gives rise to an animal’s integumentary and nervous systems? ...
Introduction to Animals
... During the developmental process, the zygote undergoes many mitotic divisions. These identical cells must undergo differentiation. Differentiation is process of cell becoming different from each other and being specialized. ...
... During the developmental process, the zygote undergoes many mitotic divisions. These identical cells must undergo differentiation. Differentiation is process of cell becoming different from each other and being specialized. ...
Arthropoda Crustacea
... The abdominal segments have swimmerets (swimming legs) The circulatory system is open. The nervous system consists of a primitive ventral nerve cord and ganglia system (similar to those of an earthworm). ...
... The abdominal segments have swimmerets (swimming legs) The circulatory system is open. The nervous system consists of a primitive ventral nerve cord and ganglia system (similar to those of an earthworm). ...
Section 26.1 Summary – pages 693-697
... their offspring would be identical to them), so they swap sperm and eggs with other hermaphrodites to produce genetically different offspring. Disturbing ...
... their offspring would be identical to them), so they swap sperm and eggs with other hermaphrodites to produce genetically different offspring. Disturbing ...
Classification of Animals 2014 use for notes
... – Animals have different kinds of tissues for their various organs. – The different organs in an animal perform different jobs for the whole body. ...
... – Animals have different kinds of tissues for their various organs. – The different organs in an animal perform different jobs for the whole body. ...
invertebrates notes
... INVERTEBRATES AP BIOLOGY Ms. Vitale VERTEBRATES INVERTEBRATES PARAZOA (sponges) sessile ...
... INVERTEBRATES AP BIOLOGY Ms. Vitale VERTEBRATES INVERTEBRATES PARAZOA (sponges) sessile ...
waf fact sheets - World Animal Foundation
... The animal with the largest brain in proportion to its size is the ant. They farm, gather, hunt, raise animals and engage in rituals. Ants are social insects and live in colonies of as many as 500,000 individuals. They divide jobs among each other. Queens lay eggs while all other females are workers ...
... The animal with the largest brain in proportion to its size is the ant. They farm, gather, hunt, raise animals and engage in rituals. Ants are social insects and live in colonies of as many as 500,000 individuals. They divide jobs among each other. Queens lay eggs while all other females are workers ...
Animalia
... • The most diverse of the kingdoms (1 million different species have been named, but it is estimated that there are over 3 million species of animals living on our planet today) ...
... • The most diverse of the kingdoms (1 million different species have been named, but it is estimated that there are over 3 million species of animals living on our planet today) ...
ucsc policy on analgesia in animals
... should be considered that procedures that cause pain or distress in humans may also cause similar effects in animals”. This policy has been created to provide guidance on the use of analgesics in surgical procedures 1. Animal welfare regulations require that experimental procedures involving animals ...
... should be considered that procedures that cause pain or distress in humans may also cause similar effects in animals”. This policy has been created to provide guidance on the use of analgesics in surgical procedures 1. Animal welfare regulations require that experimental procedures involving animals ...
Animalia PowerPoint
... • About 95% of animals are invertebrates • Invertebrates occupy all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and have existed for hundreds of millions of years ...
... • About 95% of animals are invertebrates • Invertebrates occupy all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and have existed for hundreds of millions of years ...
Pain in invertebrates
Pain in invertebrates is a contentious issue. Although there are numerous definitions of pain, almost all involve two key components. First, nociception is required. This is the ability to detect noxious stimuli which evokes a reflex response that moves the entire animal, or the affected part of its body, away from the source of the stimulus. The concept of nociception does not imply any adverse, subjective 'feeling' - it is a reflex action. The second component is the experience of 'pain' itself, or suffering, i.e. the internal, emotional interpretation of the nociceptive experience. Pain is therefore a private, emotional experience. Pain cannot be directly measured in other animals, including other humans; responses to putatively painful stimuli can be measured, but not the experience itself. To address this problem when assessing the capacity of other species to experience pain, argument-by-analogy is used. This is based on the principle that if a non-human animal's responses to stimuli are similar to those of humans, it is likely to have had an analogous experience. It has been argued that if a pin is stuck in a chimpanzee's finger and she rapidly withdraws her hand, then argument-by-analogy implies that like humans, she felt pain. It has been questioned why the inference does not then follow that a cockroach experiences pain when it writhes after being stuck with a pin? This argument-by-analogy approach to the concept of pain in invertebrates has been followed by others.The ability to experience nociception has been subject to natural selection and offers the advantage of reducing further harm to the organism. While it might be expected therefore that nociception is widespread and robust, nociception varies across species. For example, the chemical capsaicin is commonly used as a noxious stimulus in experiments with mammals; however, the African naked mole-rat, Heterocephalus glaber, an unusual rodent species that lacks pain-related neuropeptides (e.g., substance P) in cutaneous sensory fibres, shows a unique and remarkable lack of pain-related behaviours to acid and capsaicin. Similarly, capsaicin triggers nociceptors in some invertebrates, but this substance is not noxious to Drosophila melanogaster (the common fruit fly).Criteria that may indicate a potential for experiencing pain include: Has a suitable nervous system and receptors Physiological changes to noxious stimuli Displays protective motor reactions that might include reduced use of an affected area such as limping, rubbing, holding or autotomy Has opioid receptors and shows reduced responses to noxious stimuli when given analgesics and local anaesthetics Shows trade-offs between stimulus avoidance and other motivational requirements Shows avoidance learning Exhibits high cognitive ability and sentience↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑