Chapter 8
... •Lump of tissue that bulges through an weakness in the abdominal wall •Can be a result of increased abdominal pressure caused by holding breath while weight lifting or while going to the bathroom ...
... •Lump of tissue that bulges through an weakness in the abdominal wall •Can be a result of increased abdominal pressure caused by holding breath while weight lifting or while going to the bathroom ...
Systematic Zoology: Invertebrates
... One of the prime objectives of the science of systematic zoology is the reconstruction of the hidden evolutionary history of the animal kingdom. The emphasis is on recovering the pattern of evolutionary branchings that defines the structure of the tree of relationships within the animal kingdom. The ...
... One of the prime objectives of the science of systematic zoology is the reconstruction of the hidden evolutionary history of the animal kingdom. The emphasis is on recovering the pattern of evolutionary branchings that defines the structure of the tree of relationships within the animal kingdom. The ...
Pain and somatic sensation - Lightweight OCW University of
... a. Sense of the vision. b. Sense of the hearing and equilibrium. c. Sense of the smell. d. Sense of the taste. 3. Visceral sensation: including all sensations from the internal viscera and reaching the CNS through the autonomic nerves. 4. Organic sensations: e.g. hunger, thirst and sexual sensations ...
... a. Sense of the vision. b. Sense of the hearing and equilibrium. c. Sense of the smell. d. Sense of the taste. 3. Visceral sensation: including all sensations from the internal viscera and reaching the CNS through the autonomic nerves. 4. Organic sensations: e.g. hunger, thirst and sexual sensations ...
The Thorax and Abdomen
... degree of injury is a result of the degree of engorgement of the kidney Severe shock and heart pain. May have heart arrhythmias leading to decreased cardiac output. death. ...
... degree of injury is a result of the degree of engorgement of the kidney Severe shock and heart pain. May have heart arrhythmias leading to decreased cardiac output. death. ...
Running and Jogging Injuries
... is rarely indicated. Ankle laxity can lead to frequent ankle sprains and pain. Beneficial treatment includes muscle strengthening to increase stability, shoe modification to alter gait, and change of a running surface. Foot problems in runners are related to foot types. Nonoperative treatment such a ...
... is rarely indicated. Ankle laxity can lead to frequent ankle sprains and pain. Beneficial treatment includes muscle strengthening to increase stability, shoe modification to alter gait, and change of a running surface. Foot problems in runners are related to foot types. Nonoperative treatment such a ...
Physical Therapy Intervention of Low Back Pain
... – Local pain: muscular problem: acute sprain, pain in the back – Disk pain: poor body mechanic, felt a pop, flexion=pain – Referred pain: back pain caused by internal organ damage – Radicular pain: pain goes down beyond the low back Physical therapy examination ? Must take a good history to have a c ...
... – Local pain: muscular problem: acute sprain, pain in the back – Disk pain: poor body mechanic, felt a pop, flexion=pain – Referred pain: back pain caused by internal organ damage – Radicular pain: pain goes down beyond the low back Physical therapy examination ? Must take a good history to have a c ...
what is a mammal?
... 1. A behavior is an __________________, performed in response to a ______________________ 2. Rats in the Skinner box learned to push a ______________ to get _____________ 3. The fact that you are awake in the day and asleep at night is an example of a _________________ ...
... 1. A behavior is an __________________, performed in response to a ______________________ 2. Rats in the Skinner box learned to push a ______________ to get _____________ 3. The fact that you are awake in the day and asleep at night is an example of a _________________ ...
Elbow pain
... – Angiofibroblstic hyperplasia which contain large number of nociceptive nerve endings. – Microscopic tears in degenerative tissue leading to scarring ...
... – Angiofibroblstic hyperplasia which contain large number of nociceptive nerve endings. – Microscopic tears in degenerative tissue leading to scarring ...
Classification of Animals
... Have chelicerae for feeding and defense. Eat by injecting poison into the prey and sucking out materials. ...
... Have chelicerae for feeding and defense. Eat by injecting poison into the prey and sucking out materials. ...
Challenge Protocol
... Will allow us to see rapidity and extent of response. 2. Testosterone (in males) 2. Measures of Energy mobilization: a. Glucose (principal fuel) b. Free fatty acids (secondary fuel) 3. Other measures of CONDITION a. hematocrit (packed cell volume - more is better) b. complete white blood cell profil ...
... Will allow us to see rapidity and extent of response. 2. Testosterone (in males) 2. Measures of Energy mobilization: a. Glucose (principal fuel) b. Free fatty acids (secondary fuel) 3. Other measures of CONDITION a. hematocrit (packed cell volume - more is better) b. complete white blood cell profil ...
experimental basics
... Spatial learning is a hypothetical construct – an unseen process that is postulated to explain behavior. The same construct variable can be defined in different ways in different ...
... Spatial learning is a hypothetical construct – an unseen process that is postulated to explain behavior. The same construct variable can be defined in different ways in different ...
Name: Date: Period:____ Final Review: Study Guide # 3 TOPICS
... Please read before studying: 1. Locate your guided notes and any other associated sheets for ALL the topics listed above. This should be easy to locate in your notebook! 2. Next, scan the objectives for the topic you are about to study in order to get a sense of what you should be focusing your time ...
... Please read before studying: 1. Locate your guided notes and any other associated sheets for ALL the topics listed above. This should be easy to locate in your notebook! 2. Next, scan the objectives for the topic you are about to study in order to get a sense of what you should be focusing your time ...
Arthropods 09
... •Book lungs organs that have layers of respiratory tissue (stacked like pages of a book.) •Spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs ...
... •Book lungs organs that have layers of respiratory tissue (stacked like pages of a book.) •Spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs ...
wrist and ankle (floating) acupuncture
... - Use few points. Choose dominating sx (pain takes priority) - Upper 1, bilateral, is most universal - for any disease w/o location - itching, insomnia, psycho-emotional, etc. - Not all indications are shown below - be flexible - Retain 30 mins. For longstanding problems, sometimes retained longer ( ...
... - Use few points. Choose dominating sx (pain takes priority) - Upper 1, bilateral, is most universal - for any disease w/o location - itching, insomnia, psycho-emotional, etc. - Not all indications are shown below - be flexible - Retain 30 mins. For longstanding problems, sometimes retained longer ( ...
Animal Phyla - Teaching Biology Project
... Cephalization • In most bilateral animals, nerve cells are concentrated at the head end ...
... Cephalization • In most bilateral animals, nerve cells are concentrated at the head end ...
Dr. Fullerton in Austin Woman Magazine
... last resort, he tried a series of three prolotherapy injections. The patient had such marked relief in her pain that she begged and badgered him for more injections. After a total of six injections, the patient had no further pain and was able to resume her job as a hotel housekeeper. Fullerton was ...
... last resort, he tried a series of three prolotherapy injections. The patient had such marked relief in her pain that she begged and badgered him for more injections. After a total of six injections, the patient had no further pain and was able to resume her job as a hotel housekeeper. Fullerton was ...
Splenius Capitis - Dr. Barry Glassman Seminars
... his article describes a very painful and commonly occurring pain syndrome associated with the sple nius capitis muscle insertion. This syn drome was first described in the 1980's by this author. The onset of pain is often caused by motor vehicular trauma, blunt trauma, falls, and, in particular, p ...
... his article describes a very painful and commonly occurring pain syndrome associated with the sple nius capitis muscle insertion. This syn drome was first described in the 1980's by this author. The onset of pain is often caused by motor vehicular trauma, blunt trauma, falls, and, in particular, p ...
Physical Therapy Steven Severyn, MD, MBA, MSS – Anesthesia
... made worse with movement and not different with sitting or standing. There is only sharp stabbing, back pain, 5/10. No numbness or tingling or weakness Exam-normal except for tenderness in low back and some pain with movement ...
... made worse with movement and not different with sitting or standing. There is only sharp stabbing, back pain, 5/10. No numbness or tingling or weakness Exam-normal except for tenderness in low back and some pain with movement ...
2 Body symmetry - Wesleyan College Faculty
... 3 tissue layers; organs no body cavity: are acoelomates dorsoventrally flattened (thus the name . . . ) primitive cephalization (but not in Class Cestoidea) • blind-ended gut (also not in Cl. Cestoidea) ...
... 3 tissue layers; organs no body cavity: are acoelomates dorsoventrally flattened (thus the name . . . ) primitive cephalization (but not in Class Cestoidea) • blind-ended gut (also not in Cl. Cestoidea) ...
Arthropods
... Found in a wide variety of habitats due to the variety of adaptations they have for obtaining and digesting food. Some are consumers and others are parasites (some lay eggs on the larvae of other insects). ...
... Found in a wide variety of habitats due to the variety of adaptations they have for obtaining and digesting food. Some are consumers and others are parasites (some lay eggs on the larvae of other insects). ...
Review From Last Class на characteristics of animals на bilateral
... these animals have a Backbone (See Table 4: Vertebrate Worksheet) Common Characteristics of Vertebrates: (1) Backbone ...
... these animals have a Backbone (See Table 4: Vertebrate Worksheet) Common Characteristics of Vertebrates: (1) Backbone ...
Class 3 - Nervous System Part 2
... • Pain Receptors (Nociceptors): extreme chemical or thermal stimuli. Free nerve endings ...
... • Pain Receptors (Nociceptors): extreme chemical or thermal stimuli. Free nerve endings ...
Pain in invertebrates
Pain in invertebrates is a contentious issue. Although there are numerous definitions of pain, almost all involve two key components. First, nociception is required. This is the ability to detect noxious stimuli which evokes a reflex response that moves the entire animal, or the affected part of its body, away from the source of the stimulus. The concept of nociception does not imply any adverse, subjective 'feeling' - it is a reflex action. The second component is the experience of 'pain' itself, or suffering, i.e. the internal, emotional interpretation of the nociceptive experience. Pain is therefore a private, emotional experience. Pain cannot be directly measured in other animals, including other humans; responses to putatively painful stimuli can be measured, but not the experience itself. To address this problem when assessing the capacity of other species to experience pain, argument-by-analogy is used. This is based on the principle that if a non-human animal's responses to stimuli are similar to those of humans, it is likely to have had an analogous experience. It has been argued that if a pin is stuck in a chimpanzee's finger and she rapidly withdraws her hand, then argument-by-analogy implies that like humans, she felt pain. It has been questioned why the inference does not then follow that a cockroach experiences pain when it writhes after being stuck with a pin? This argument-by-analogy approach to the concept of pain in invertebrates has been followed by others.The ability to experience nociception has been subject to natural selection and offers the advantage of reducing further harm to the organism. While it might be expected therefore that nociception is widespread and robust, nociception varies across species. For example, the chemical capsaicin is commonly used as a noxious stimulus in experiments with mammals; however, the African naked mole-rat, Heterocephalus glaber, an unusual rodent species that lacks pain-related neuropeptides (e.g., substance P) in cutaneous sensory fibres, shows a unique and remarkable lack of pain-related behaviours to acid and capsaicin. Similarly, capsaicin triggers nociceptors in some invertebrates, but this substance is not noxious to Drosophila melanogaster (the common fruit fly).Criteria that may indicate a potential for experiencing pain include: Has a suitable nervous system and receptors Physiological changes to noxious stimuli Displays protective motor reactions that might include reduced use of an affected area such as limping, rubbing, holding or autotomy Has opioid receptors and shows reduced responses to noxious stimuli when given analgesics and local anaesthetics Shows trade-offs between stimulus avoidance and other motivational requirements Shows avoidance learning Exhibits high cognitive ability and sentience↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑