Download Classification of Animals

Classification
Grouping & Identifying
Living Things
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Why classify?
Think of three examples where we
group things.
Why do we group these things?
Classifying Living Things
We put livings things into
Animals
Animals
Animals are spilt into two major
groups:
Vertebrates
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
These are animals with a backbone.
There are five groups of vertebrates:
Amphibians
Birds
Fish
Mammals
Reptiles
Amphibians
 Have smooth moist
skin
 Lay jelly coated
eggs in water
 Lives on land and
water
 Ectotherms
Birds
Have feathers and
hollow bones
Lay hard shelled
eggs
Endotherms
Fish
Have wet scales
Lay jelly-coated
eggs in water
Breathes with
gills
Ectotherms
Mammals
Have hair and
produce milk
Give birth to live
offspring (no eggs)
Endotherms
Reptiles
Have scales
Lay leathery
shelled eggs
Ectotherms
Summary of Vertebrates
Invertebrates
 These are animals without a backbone
 There are eight groups of invertebrates
 Molluscs
 Flatworms
 Annelids
 Roundworms
 Sponges
 Echinoderms
 Cnidarians
 Arthropods
Molluscs
 Some molluscs (gastropods) crawl on
a single fleshy pad. Ex. Snails, slugs,
conchs.
 Some molluscs may burrow through
or attach to a base (bi-valves) clams,
oysters, mussels, brachiopod
(extinct).
 Some molluscs swim (cephalopod).
 Most have a hard shell, but some do
not (slugs, octopuses)
Molluscs
Flatworms
Have flat worm
like bodies
Tapeworms and
flukes
Annelids
Have round worm-like bodies
Have bodies divided into
segments with bristles or hairs
(setae)
Earthworms
Have 5 hearts and no eyes
Gizzard for digestion
Breathe through their skin
 Clitellum – contains both male
and female organs. Babies form
in internal cocoons.
Annelids
Have round worm
like bodies
Have bodies
divided into
segments
Roundworms
Have long thin round worm like
bodies.
Have bodies with no segments.
Are parasites.
Hook worm, trichinosis,
Roundworms
Sponges (porifera)
Simplest multi-cellular animal.
Have bodies made of loosely joined
cells
Filter feeders
Skeleton is made of needle-like
fibers called spicules.
Most are hermaphrodites,
reproduce by releasing small
planktonic larvae.
Sponges
Echinoderms
Have radial symmetry.
Appendages usually occur in fives.
Have spiny outer covering
Can regenerate limbs
They eat by pulling apart bivalves
with its suction-cup tube feet, and
then it inverts its own stomach out
of its mouth and surrounds its meal

Echinoderms
Cnidarians
Have radial symmetry
Have thin sack like bodies
Have tentacles with stinging cells
to trap their prey.
Two body types:
Polyp (corals and anemonies) where
tentacles and mouth face up.
Medussa (jellyfish) tentacles and
mouth face down.
Cnidarians
Arthropods
Have lots of legs and segmented
bodies.
Have exoskeletons.
There are four group of arthropods:
 Arachnids
Centipedes & Millipedes
Crustaceans
Insects
Arthropods - Arachnid
Include spiders, scorpions, ticks,
and mites.
Have four pair of legs and bodies
divided into two sections
Cephalothorax
Abdomen
Have chelicerae for feeding and
defense.
Eat by injecting poison into the prey
and sucking out materials.
Arthropods - Arachnid
Arthropods – Myriapoda
Have long thin bodies and pairs of
legs on each of their many body
sections.
Have a “myriad” of legs.
Centipedes are fast, venomous
and predatory. One pair of legs
per segment.
Millipedes are slower, and eat leaf
litter (detritus). Two pair of legs
per segment.
Arthropods – Centipedes
& Millipedes
Arthropods - Crustacean
Include crabs, lobsters, shrimp, krill,
barnacles and crayfish.
Have more than four pairs of legs
First pair often used as pincers.
Most have 3 body parts – head,
thorax, and abdomen.
Although some have a cephalothorax.
Arthropods - Crustacean
Arthropods - Insects
Bodies divided into three sections
Head, thorax, and abdomen.
Have three pairs of legs on thorax.
May have wings on the thorax.
Often have wings.
Have compound eyes – can see almost
all around themselves.
Go through metamorphosis.
Metamorphosis
Incomplete metamorphosis.
Change by molting.
Egg  Nymph  Adult.
Complete metamorposis.
Egg  Larva  Pupa  Adult.
Arthropods - Insects