Download Name: Date: Hr: _____

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ___________________________ Hr: _____
Notes: Viruses and Bacteria
What is a virus?

Smaller than _______________

__________________ thing

o
Doesn’t have ____________________________________________________________
o
Cannot ______________________ without ___________________________
Two main parts
o
_____________________________________________
o
_____________________________________________
Virus Examples

Bacteriophage
o

Tobacco Mosaic Virus
o

_____________ virus that infects ________________________________
_____________ virus that infects ___________________________________________
Influenza
o
____________ virus
o
Types _______________________

Type ___ : _____________________________

Type ___ : _____________________________


Types __________________ are _____________________________

This is why there are new ____________________________ every year
Type ___ : _____________________________
How do Viruses Reproduce?

__________________ Cycle
o
_______________ host cell when cell ________________ to release
____________________________________

_______________________________ Cycle
o
Virus ___________ is integrated with _______________________________
o
Virus remains __________________________ until later
Prions

________________________ that causes an __________________________________________

Exist normally in cells, however ____________________ in genes that code for them cause
____________________________
What are bacteria?

__________________
o
No ________________________
o
Do have ______________________________________________

Very few other __________________________________________________

2 Kingdoms: ___________________________________________________
Shapes of bacteria

_______________________ = round

_______________________ = oval/rod shaped

_______________________ = spiral
Arrangement of Bacteria

_______________ = paired

_______________ = bunched

_______________ = chain
Uses of Bacteria

_________________________ fixation
o


__________________________
o
_______________ in humans
o
Other bacteria in other organisms
_______________
o

Change ____ from _________________________ form in environment into _________________ form
___________________________________________________________
Bioremediation
o
________________________________

__________________ purification at _______________________________ treatment plants

________________________
Parts of Bacteria

Ribosomes
o

Assemble ___________________________ into proteins – just like _____________________________
Plasma Membrane
o
Allows ___________________________________ to pass ______________________ of cell
o
_____________________________________ layer



Cell Wall
o
Extra protection against ________________________________________
o
Made of _____________________________________
o
Located outside ______________________________________________________
Capsule
o
Not in all ________________________________
o
Adds ____________________________________
o
Helps bacteria __________________________________________________________________
o
Made of _________________________
o
Help bacteria ___________________________________________________________________
o
Form a bridge to _____________________________________________________ between bacteria
Pili
(____________________________________)


Flagella
o
Long, whip like ________________________
o
Used for ___________________________________
Endospore
o
Outer covering that adds __________________________ during ________________________________
1. Bacterium exposed to ___________________________________________________
2. Coating forms around _______________________________________________________________
3. Bacterium may ______________
4. Conditions are ______________________ again = endospore _______________ and new bacterium
____________________________________
Reproduction


_____________________________ (Asexual)
o
DNA ________________________________
o
Original cell ____________________________________________
o
Produces a __________________ of bacteria
____________________________ (Sexual)
o
Bacteria attach using _________________________________
o
Chromosome is ________________________________ then ___________________________________
Obtaining Energy

Heterotrophs
o
Use _________________________________________ to break down food then
____________________________________________
o

________________________: break down dead stuff
Autotrophs
o
Use ___________________________________________

o
_______________________________
Use ____________________________________________
Kingdoms of Bacteria

Main difference = ___________________________________

Eubacteria
o
________________________________ cell walls
o
All other parts of bacteria
o
________________________ bacteria
o
Classified by ___________________________________ procedure

Based on properties of _______________________________



Gram - ______________________
o
_____________________
o
_________ of cell wall made of _________________________________
Gram - ______________________
o
_________________
o
Only about __________ of cell wall is made of ___________________________
Archaebacteria
o
Cell _______________ have different ___________________ than eubacteria
o
Live in ________________________________________________ (______________________________)

__________________________________

Die with __________________________


__________________________________


Thrive in _____________________________________
__________________________________


Give off ___________________________
Thrive in temps above ___________________________ ( ___________________________)
__________________________________

Thrive in places with_________________________ ( ___________________________)