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Viruses and Bacteria Key Terms from GVL capsid--the outer protein coat of a virus vaccine --part of a virus that has been killed or attenuated used to prevent infection lysogenic-lytic--type of viral infection in which the host cell bursts and is destroyed lysis--process of bursting cells virus--composed of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat bacteriophage--virus that infects bacteria retrovirus-chemoautotroph--organism that obtains energy directly from inorganic molecules cocci--sphere-shaped bacterium prokaryotic--single-celled type of microorganism that lacks a nucleus bacilli--rod-shaped bacterium endospore--protective capsule, can remain dormant until conditions for growth arise conjugation— antibiotic-binary fission--bacteria may reproduce by ths process nitrogen fixation--the process of converting nitrogen into a form that plants can use flagellum-spirillum--a spiral shaped bacteria photoheterotroph--type of bacterium that is photosynthetic; requires organic compounds sterilization--effective means of killing pathogens using heat and pressure prion--an infectious particle made of protein rather than DNA or RNA pathogen--