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Name:______________________ Renaissance and Reformation Review Sheet 1. What was the Renaissance a rebirth of? -Art and learning 2. Humanism-the study of human potential and achievements based on the study of classic Greek and Roman Culture 3. Medici Family and what they were famous for-being rulers and supporters of the arts 4. How was Leonardo da Vinci a Renaissance Man? -he was a painter, sculpter, inventor, and scientist 5. Indulgences-clergy sold pardons that released people from doing penance for their sins. 6. What King declared himself the head of the English Church? -Henry VIII 7. What were John Calvin’s major teachings? Predestination 8. Who founded the Catholic Jesuit order? Ignatius of Loyola 9. Who wrote Utopia and what was it about? Thomas More about an ideal place 10. Why did the Renaissance in Northern Europe lag behind the Italian Renaissance? -The plague and 100 yrs war. 11. When Jerusalem fell to the Ottoman Turks, where did the scholars take the ancient Greek manuscripts for safe keeping? -Constantinople 12. The Act of Supremacy-Edict to recognize Henry VIII as head of the church rather than the pope 13. Patrons-wealthy people who supported artists, often wealthy merchants 14. What did Johann Gutenberg invent? -moveable type printing press 15. Anul-to set aside a marriage as if it never happened (was never legal) 16. Anabaptist-from Greek, means to baptize again, believed only adult baptism valid 17. Anglican Church- the name for the church of England whom the King was the head 18. Protestant (Origin)-comes from the name given some German Princes who protested against joining forces with the pope against Luther’s ideas. 19. Renaissance Man-someone who excelled in many areas of study 20. Renaissance Woman-know the classics, be charming, but do not seek fame, inspire art, but do not create it. 21. How did Italy’s location help it become the birthplace of the Renaissance? -Italy had access to Roman ruins and ancient manuscripts from Constantinople. 22. Why was block printing more useful in Europe than China? European languages had a smaller number of characters than Chinese 23. What was the major reason for the Reformation? -European merchants resented paying taxes to the church in Rome 24. What were Martin Luther’s beliefs? -All people with faith were equal. -all Church teachings should be based on the Bible -Faith and good works were needed for God’s gift of forgiveness 25. Why did Henry VIII split with the Roman Catholic Church? He wanted a divorce so that he could have a son, a male heir. 26. What was agreed upon at the Council of Trent? -the Church’s interpretation of the Bible was final. -Christians needed faith and good deeds for salvation -the Bible and Church tradition were equally powerful authorities in life -indulgences were valid expressions of faith 27. Peace of Augsburg ended a war between what two groups? Catholic and Protestant German Princes 28. What idea of Luther influenced John Calvin? -Humans cannot earn a place in heaven 29. The Renaissance covers what time period? -1300-1600 30. Secular-worldly 31. Perspective-technique used in two-dimensional art to add realism 32. Vernacular-writing in local rather than classical language 33. What type of art did Renaissance painters in Flanders produce? -realistic 34. Utopia in Greek means? No place In English? Ideal place 35. Where was moveable type first used? China 36. Who invented the printing press? Johann Gutenburg 37. Who wrote Utopia and what was it about? Thomas More, about an ideal society 38. What did Erasmus and More have in common? -both were considered humanists 39. Who were the followers of John Knox? -Presbyterians 40. Predestination was one of the main doctrines of what religion? -Calvinism 41. Founder of the Jesuits and principal goalIgnatius of Loyola, education of children and missionaries