Download Integrated Science Study Guide: Electricity and Magnetism (mrk 2012)

Integrated Science Study Guide: Electricity and Magnetism (mrk 2012)
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
____
1. If an atom gains electrons, it becomes a
a. positively charged ion.
b. negatively charged ion.
c. neutral atom.
d. neutral ion.
2. The strength of an electric field depends on the
a. amount of charge that produced the field.
b. distance from the charge.
c. amount of charge on a test charge placed in the field.
d. both A and B
Figure 20-1
____
3. If the two charges represented in Figure 20-1 were brought near each other, they would
a. attract each other.
c. cause static discharge.
b. repel each other.
d. have no effect on each other.
____
4. What do electric forces between charges depend on?
a. the quantity of charge involved
c. both a. and b.
b. how far apart the charges are.
d. none of the above
____
5. Walking across a carpet is an example of charge being transferred by
a. contact.
c. static electricity.
b. induction.
d. friction.
____
6. If a neutral metal comb is held near an object with a negative charge, the comb will become charged by
a. induction.
c. friction.
b. contact.
d. static discharge.
____
7. What type of current is produced by a battery?
a. parallel current
c. direct current
b. alternating current
d. potential current
____
8. The type of current in your school is mostly
a. direct current.
b. alternating current.
____
c. series current.
d. produced by batteries.
9. Which of the following materials allows charges to flow easily?
a. glass
c. an electrical conductor
b. wood
d. an electrical insulator
____ 10. Which of the following materials does not allow charges to flow easily?
a. silver
c. an electrical conductor
b. metal
d. an electrical insulator
____ 11. Resistance is affected by a material’s
a. thickness.
b. length.
c. temperature.
d. all of the above
____ 12. Which of the following is maintained across the terminals of a battery?
a. a potential difference
c. an electric charge
b. a voltage drop
d. both A and B
____ 13. Which of the following represents Ohm’s law?
a. I V R
c. R
b. V I R
d. V
V I
I R
____ 14. The current in a hair dryer measures 15.0 amps. The resistance of the hair dryer is 8 ohms. What is the
voltage?
a. 120 V
c. 7 V
b. 0.5 V
d. 1800 V
____ 15. How many paths through which charge can flow would be shown in a circuit diagram of a series circuit?
a. one
c. none
b. two or more
d. more information is needed
____ 16. Most of the circuits in your home are
a. series circuits.
b. parallel circuits.
c. reversible circuits.
d. closed circuits.
____ 17. A ground-fault circuit interrupter shuts down a circuit if it
a. melts.
c. senses unequal currents.
b. senses an overload.
d. senses moisture.
____ 18. The force a magnet exerts on another magnet, on iron or a similar metal, or on moving charges is
a. an electric force.
b. a magnetic force.
c. proportional to the charge of the magnet.
d. proportional to the mass of the magnet.
____ 19. Which of the following statements describes the interaction between magnetic poles?
a. Like poles attract each other.
b. Like poles repel each other, and opposite poles attract each other.
c. Opposite poles repel each other.
d. Like poles attract each other, and opposite poles repel each other.
Figure 21-1
____ 20. In Figure 21-1, starting from the left what magnetic poles are shown on the two bar magnets?
a. north, south, north, south
c. south, north, south, north
b. south, south, north, north
d. north, north, south, south
____ 21. What is the name of the area surrounding Earth that is influenced by Earth’s magnetic field?
a. magnetosphere
c. magnetic domain
b. atmosphere
d. magnetic declination
____ 22. If you break a bar magnet in half, each half
a. contains one magnetic pole.
b. becomes a bar magnet with two poles.
c. becomes unmagnetized.
d. is only temporarily magnetized.
____ 23. A coil of wire that is carrying a current and produces a magnetic field is
a. a galvanometer.
c. a magnetic domain.
b. a solenoid.
d. an electric motor.
____ 24. In an electric motor, periodically changing the direction of current in the electromagnet can cause the axle to
spin because
a. the electromagnet loses its magnetism.
b. mechanical energy is converted to electric energy.
c. the moving electrons push the electromagnet in the opposite direction.
d. the magnetic field reverses direction.
____ 25. The process of generating an electric current by moving an electrical conductor relative to a magnetic field is
called
a. magnetization.
c. electromagnetic induction.
b. electromagnetic force.
d. alternating current.
____ 26. A device that changes mechanical energy to electrical energy by rotating a coil of wire through a magnetic
field is called a(an)
a. transformer.
c. electromagnet.
b. generator.
d. current meter.
____ 27. How are fossil fuels used to generate electrical energy?
a. Heat from burning fuel spins magnets inside an electric motor.
b. Heat from burning fuel creates steam that spins a turbine.
c. Heat from burning fuel causes an electric motor to produce a current.
d. Heat from burning fuel creates steam that turns a transformer.
Completion
For # 28-43, complete each statement using the word bank below. One of the words is used twice. If the answer is a
letter combination, darken all of the letters that make up the answer on the Scantron answer sheet.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
ohm
electrons
magnetic poles
attract
electromagnet
ab.
ac.
ad.
ae.
bc.
circuit
current
away from
north pole
ampere
bd.
be.
cd.
ce.
de.
insulators
magnetic field
static discharge
superconductor
perpendicular
28. The electric field around a positive charge points ____________________ the charge.
29. Like charges repel and opposite charges ____________________.
30. When a pathway through which charges can move forms suddenly, ____________________ occurs.
31. The SI unit of electric current is the ____________________.
32. Scientists usually define the direction of _______ as the direction in which positive charges would flow.
33. Wood, plastic, and rubber are good electrical ____________________, and copper is a good electrical
conductor.
34. The SI unit of resistance is the ____________________.
35. A material that has almost zero resistance when it is cooled to low temperatures is a(an)
____________________.
36. A complete path through which charge can flow is an electric ____________________.
37. The region around a magnet that exerts magnetic force is called a(an) _________________________.
38. The region where a magnet's force is strongest is at the_________________________.
39. The magnetic field lines of a bar magnet begin near the magnet’s ____________________.
40. In most materials, the magnetic fields of _________________________ cancel one another’s effects.
41. A charged particle moving in a magnetic field will be deflected in a direction ____________________ to the
magnetic field.
42. In a solenoid, there will be no magnetic field if there is no ____________________ in the wires of the coil.
43. The strength of a(an) ____________________ depends on the current in the solenoid, the number of coils,
and the type of ferromagnetic material in the core.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 20-2
44. Classifying What kind of circuit is Circuit A?
a. parallel circuit
b. perpendicular circuit
c. series circuit
45. Classifying What kind of circuit is Circuit B?
a. parallel circuit
b. perpendicular circuit
c. series circuit
46. Comparing and Contrasting In which direction do the electrons move in Figure 20-2?
a. The electrons move from the negative terminal of the battery to the negative terminal of the battery.
b. The electrons move from the positive terminal of the battery to the positive terminal of the battery.
c. The electrons move from the positive terminal of the battery to the negative terminal of the battery.
d. The electrons move from the negative terminal of the battery to the positive terminal of the battery.
47. Interpreting Graphics In which circuit would all the bulbs go out if only one of them actually blew out?
a. Circuit A
b. Circuit B
c. neither A nor B
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 21-3
48. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 21-3, use the direction of the magnetic field lines to determine what type of
magnetic pole is located at the geographic North Pole.
a, magnetic north
b. magnetic south
c. magnetic east
d. magnetic west
49. Predicting Use Figure 21-3 to predict where Earth’s magnetic field is strongest.
a. strongest at the equator
b. strongest in the oceans
c. strongest at the poles
d. strongest in the mountains
50. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 21-3, where is the magnetic field the weakest?
a. weakest at the poles
b. weakest midway between the poles
c. weakest in the mountains
d. weakest in the oceans