Download RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES

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SAFETY
Learning Steps
Instructions:
Complete the steps below in order. Check off each step as you
complete it.
_____ 1.
READ:
Information Sheet #1, Safe Job, on page 3.
_____ 2.
READ:
Information Sheet #2, Safety Begins With You, on
pages 4-5,
_____ 3.
READ:
Information Sheet #3, More Office Safety, on
pages 6-7.
_____ 4.
DO:
Assignment Sheet #1 on page 8.
_____ 5.
READ:
Information Sheet #4, Chair Adjustment
Procedure, on page 9.
_____ 6.
READ:
Information Sheet #5, Emergency Evacuation
Plan, on page 10.
_____ 7.
LOOK:
At the Emergency Evacuation Chart for Interactive Media
and Web Technology, on page 11.
_____ 8.
DO:
Assignment Sheet #2, on page 12.
_____ 9.
READ:
Supplemental Sheet #1, Carpal Tunnel
Syndrome, on pages 13-19.
_____10.
DO:
Assignment Sheet #3, on page 20.
_____11.
READ:
Supplemental Sheet #2, Back Tips For People
Who Sit, on pages 21-27.
_____12.
DO:
Assignment Sheet #4, on pages 28-30.
_____13.
READ:
Information Sheet #6, Bloodborne Pathogens, on
pages 30-31.
_____14.
READ:
The Bloodborne Pathogens Objectives, on page 32.
_____15.
TAKE:
The Safety test. You can find it on the CHWEB test site.
You must score 100% on this test before going on to the
next LAP. If you do not score 100% the first time,
review the LAP again, and re-test.
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INFORMATION SHEET #1
Safe Job
Most people think my type of job is safe as safe can be.
And until a week ago, it looked that way to me.
I do a routine office job and inventory stock.
With no machinery to watch (except an office clock).
Of course, I use the telephone -- a very harmless thing
Which certainly can't injure me, all it can do is ring.
And so this false security beguiled me ′til one day
I had a rude awakening, which cleared the fog away.
As I sat safely at my desk, intent upon a list,
The telephone began to ring, I blindly reached and missed!
My fingers struck a metal box that holds incoming mail;
I stove my little finger in, and also broke the nail.
My pen had fallen to the floor (unnoticed in my pain),
Then I jumped up and stepped on it and felt an ankle sprain.
A painful finger injury! An ankle that still hurts!
Amazing how much influence experience exerts!
It caused the truth to filter through my once-befuddled head.
There isn't ANY job that's safe! YOU must be safe instead!
The floor does not rise up and strike! No knife, alone, can cut!
It takes the human element: Me.........or some other nut!!
(from Industrial Supervisor, August 1964.)
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INFORMATION SHEET #2
Safety Begins With You
Office Safety
A vitally important aspect for any worker's environment is a safe place to work. This applies
to the learning environment as well. Rules must be adhered to by all to ensure the proper
protection and operation of the work place as well as the classroom.
The first set of rules involves your chair and desk. As you have already discovered, your
chair rolls and swivels. This type of chair demands very special attention at
all
times. Make sure the chair is close to as you sit down. A very good
habit to develop would be to grasp the chair seat or back as you are
seated. This will avoid missing the chair that could lend itself to harm.
If you need to adjust the chair, please follow the directions that are
explained in detail in the Chair Adjustment information sheet included
in this LAP. Be sure to see the instructor if you have problems.
While you are working at your desk and you are moving around from
the return area to the work area, always LOOK around before rolling.
Check to see if a cord happens to get in the way before you move in
order to avoid interrupting power to your station. Should you leave your
desk at anytime, ALWAYS push the chair to the desk area.
The desk and tables in the room are not meant to be used as chairs. Do not sit
on them as they may not hold your weight.
Finally, NEVER, NEVER stand up on the chair. Accidents will be prevented by
carefully following the rules.
Just as there are precautions for the chair, there are a few to follow concerning
your desk. The drawers need to be kept closed at all times to prevent accidents.
If you plan your day's work at the beginning of class, you will be able to remove
needed supplies all at once. This will help you keep the drawer closed most of
the time. Another important thing to remember is close the drawers slowly.
Slamming them may damage the rollers, locking mechanism, or proper fit.
The same rules apply to the lateral
file cabinets where class supplies
are kept. As soon as you remove
the materials needed, close the
drawer. Be sure your fingers are out of the
way. Shut the drawer slowly.
REMEMBER - Open one drawer at a time
and close it slowly immediately after
materials are removed.
The lateral file cabinets have a locking feature
to prevent the opening of two drawers at a
time. However, should you experience any
difficulty at any time with the files or your
desk, please see the instructor for assistance.
Do not force the drawers in any manner.
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Another important precaution to follow is keep your workstation and the area around you
clean and neat. Should any materials or supplies drop to the floor, please pick them up
immediately. This will avoid falls by someone stepping on a pencil, or tripping over books.
When you are walking through the aisles, it is a natural tendency to look at your paper to
ensure that you have your name on it, or to see if you answered a question correctly.
When walking, always keep your eyes on your walkway.
Electrical Safety
The "Electronic Office" lends itself to countless electrical cords being plugged into or
unplugged from power outlets. Since the discovery of electricity by Ben Franklin, extreme
caution and proper respect have avoided unnecessary accidents.
Each student's equipment - calculator, computer, and printer are already plugged into the
power source; they should remain PLUGGED in unless instructed otherwise.
If you are to take off one of the main covers, remove all power to the unit by unplugging it.
Removing these covers will expose electrical items and will pose a shock hazard. Removal
of the top covers of the printer will expose the movable mechanical parts, so turn off the
unit before doing this.
When other equipment must be plugged in or unplugged from an outlet, be sure to
grasp the plug to pull it out. NEVER, NEVER pull on the cord. Also, remember to
raise up with caution. This will avoid hitting your head on the desk. Move slowly!
Finally ALL equipment must be turned off, covered (if possible), and stored
properly at the end of class-time. Misuse may cause damage, and repairs are
expensive. Also, to avoid many problems, see the instructor when the
ribbon in the calculator needs to be installed.
Remember, you make your working environment a safe place for all to
enjoy.
Computer Safety
A computer is an electrical device. If your diskette becomes lodged in the drive, don't stick
something in to pry it out. This could cause damage to the drive and to you through
electrical shock. If the case is off the computer, do not touch the circuitry, as a shock
hazard may exist.
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INFORMATION SHEET #3
More Office Safety
 Do not place an extension cord across an area where someone may be walking.
 Report a frayed electrical cord immediately to the maintenance department
(in this instance, the instructor).
 Open doors slowly.
 Watch where you are walking -- and don't read what you have in your hand when
going from one office to another.
 Turn off power on all electrical equipment during electrical storms.
 Turn all sharpened pencils downward if they are kept in an upright holder on
your desk..
 Do not leave cabinet doors open or file drawers unattended.
 Open only one drawer in a file cabinet at a time.
 Be aware that hair, neckties, and bracelets or other ornaments may be caught
in equipment.
 Take responsibility for notifying the instructor of any broken desks or chairs,
curling carpets or loosened floorboards or tiles.
 Do not use office furniture in place of a stepladder.
 Maintain a safety area around equipment.
 Observe all safety warnings posted on equipment and office supplies.
 Beware of old wooden office furniture that may have splintered edges.
 Beware of razor blades and other sharp objects in desk drawers.
 Follow all safety procedures in the office in the event of fire, tornado,
hurricanes, bomb scares, or floods.
 Do not stack materials too high.
 Do not use extension cords excessively.
 Keep cords and personal items out of walkways.
 Be careful of, or cover, all sharp edges of furniture.
 Be alert for object left on chairs.
 Observe all safety signs.
 Handle paper carefully.
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 Keep hands and foreign objects away from moving parts of machines.
 Keep protective covers in place on equipment.
 Use caution with glass objects.
 Always turn off machines when finished.
 Keep long hair tied back when operating equipment.
 Do not overload circuits.
 Do not attempt to repair equipment while it is turned on.
 Use properly grounded electrical cords.
 Avoid food or drink in the work area.
 Follow security procedures.
 Have first aid supplies available.
 Leave mechanical repair for qualified people; report problems promptly.
Remember, you make the working environment a safe place for everyone to enjoy.
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ASSIGNMENT SHEET #1
Instructions: Complete the following questions.
1. Explain a good habit to develop when you are about to sit down in your chair.
2. Explain the correct method to use when you get up to leave your desk for any
reason.
3. List two important things to remember about the desk drawers.
4. List two important ways to operate a file cabinet drawer.
5. List two precautions concerning your workstation.
Please find the correct responses in the preceding pages of this LAP.
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Name_______________________________ Date Completed_________________
INFORMATION SHEET #4
Chair Adjustment Procedure
The following illustration and instructions explain in detail the correct way to
adjust the chair.
Seat Height Adjustment
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INFORMATION SHEET #5
Emergency Evacuation Plan
The following pages contain the diagrams for evacuating the room for either
tornado or fire. These are also posted at each exit.
In case of a tornado
Enter the storage room of the classroom or locate the nearest restroom
unless instructed to do otherwise.
Do not worry about your books, purses, etc. Stay together as a class. Your
instructor will let your know of any changes. The signal is the regular bell that
rings continuously for a long time.
In case of fire
Walk out the east classroom door and enter Instructional Services.
Walk through north door of the room (in the studio), exit out
the back door of the building to the street north of the building.
DO NOT take time to turn off equipment, gather things, etc.
This must be done in a calm manner so that each person gets
out safely. DO NOT push, run, or scream! Once you are
outside, you must stay with your class so that the instructor can
take roll and make sure everyone is safe. The signal is a very loud bell that will ring three
long tones, pause and ring three long tones.
Following these simple steps can insure everyone's safety.
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ASSIGNMENT SHEET #2
1.
List four general rules to follow during an evacuation.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.
Where is the designated outside evacuation area for the Interactive Media and Web
Technology class?
__________________________________________________________________
3.
If you are in the main building and a tornado warning is sounded, name two
"safe places" where you will go.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4.
List the four evacuation DON'TS.
DON'T____________________________________________________________
DON'T____________________________________________________________
DON'T____________________________________________________________
DON'T____________________________________________________________
Name___________________________________ Date completed_____________
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SUPPLEMENTAL SHEET #1
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
13
Understanding Carpal tunnel Syndrome
14
Carpal Tunnel Prevention
15
Early Diagnosis: Your Medical Evaluation
16
Treatment Options
17
18
Prevention, Diagnosis, And Treatment
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ASSIGNMENT SHEET #3
1.
What does CTS stand for?________________________________________
2.
List the three (3) symptoms that relate to CTS:
3.
4.
5.
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
List the six (6) ways to prevent wrist problems:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
d.
________________________________________________________
e.
________________________________________________________
f.
________________________________________________________
List the three (3) steps to take to get an accurate diagnosis:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
List three (3) treatment options:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
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SUPPLEMENTAL SHEET #2
Back Tips For People Who Sit
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The Anatomy Of Sitting
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Back Care In Your Chair
The Monday-to-Friday Solution is easy: you can use these simple back care tips in
any kind of chair, at work or at home. These are the basics tools for improving your sitting
posture and preventing backache, stiffness, fatigue, and injury.
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Back Exercises For People Who Sit
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Our Sit-Down Society
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ASSIGNMENT SHEET #4
1.
2.
3.
4.
List four (4) solutions to slouching:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
d.
________________________________________________________
List the three (3) natural curves of your back:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
List five (5) or six (6) ways to adjust the way you sit in a chair to reduce
strain on your back:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
d.
________________________________________________________
e.
________________________________________________________
f.
________________________________________________________
List the five (5) ways to stay active moving in your chair to prevent back
injury:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
d.
________________________________________________________
e.
________________________________________________________
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5.
Which natural curve bears most of the strain of sitting?
_____________________________________________________________
6.
List the four (4) parts of the spine that provide support:
a.
________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________
c.
________________________________________________________
d.
________________________________________________________
7.
Describe what happens after prolonged slouching: __________-__________
8.
Describe the exercises for your cervical curve: ________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
9.
Describe the exercise for your thoracic curve: ________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
10.
Describe the exercise for your lumbar curve: _________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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INFORMATION SHEET #6
Bloodborne Pathogens - Workplace Guidelines
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has published an "Occupational
Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens" standard. (CFR 1910.1030)
The purpose of this regulation is to eliminate or minimize occupational exposure to hepatitis
B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other Bloodborne Pathogens.
All human body fluids are to be treated as though they are potentially infectious.
When rendering first aid to a sick or injured person, the following minimum precautions
should be taken:
A.
Wear disposable gloves before touching or handling any body fluids (other
than your own) and wear any other personal protective equipment as the situation
warrants.
B.
After first aid has been administered, use an absorbent material to contain
and absorb blood or other body fluids.
C.
Clean spill area using an approved disinfectant (a 10% chlorine bleach/water
solution works fine except on carpeted areas.) Recommended is any commercial
disinfectant labeled Tuberculocidal.
D.
Dispose of all contaminated materials, including gauze, bandages, absorbent
material, disposable gloves, etc. in approved wasted containers. Red plastic, leakproof bags with hazardous waste symbols are recommended, but plain red plastic,
leak-proof bags can be used. If broken glass, needles, razor blades or other sharp
instruments are involved, they must be disposed of in an approved "sharps"
container.
E.
Discard or recycle other contaminated personal protective equipment.
F.
Personal clothing that becomes soiled with potentially infectious fluids
needs to be removed immediately and laundered according to your employer's
Exposure Control Plan.
G.
Immediately wash hands and any other areas of your body which has had
contact with potentially infectious material using warm water and soap, preferably an
anti-septic type soap.
H.
Inform your immediate supervisor of the exposure incident in order that your
employer's Exposure Control Plan can be implemented.
I.
Remember treat all body fluids as though they are contaminated!
HEPATITIS - Hepatitis is a liver disease, initially resulting in possible inflammation of the
liver, and frequently leading to more serious conditions including cirrhosis and liver cancer.
In the United States there are approximately 300,000 new cases of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV),
the most prevalent form of Hepatitis, every year. While there is no cure for Hepatitis B, a
vaccine does exist that can prevent infection.
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HBV is most often transmitted through breaks in the skin or mucous membranes. This
usually occurs through needle sticks, human bites, or having infectious material (such as
blood or other body fluids) get into existing cuts or abrasions.
The symptoms of HBV infection are very much like a mild "flu". Initially there is a sense of
fatigue, possible stomach pain, loss of appetite, and even nausea. As the disease continues
to develop, jaundice (a distinct yellowing of the skin) and a darkened urine will often occur.
However, people who are infected with HBV will often show no symptoms for some time.
After exposure it can take 2-6 months for Hepatitis B to develop. This is extremely
important, since vaccinations begun immediately after exposure to the virus can often
prevent infection.
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS - Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the
"newest" of the major bloodborne diseases.
Symptoms of HIV infection can vary, but often include:
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
weakness
fever
sore throat
nausea
headaches
diarrhea
other "flu-like" symptoms
However, many people with the HIV virus can show no apparent symptoms for years after
their infection.
In most cases, contracting the HIV virus ultimately leads to the development of Acquired
Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This results in the breakdown of the immune system,
so the body does not have the ability to fight off other diseases. Currently no vaccination
exists to prevent infection of HIV, and there is no known cure.
How is HIV spread?
HIV is spread primarily by:
 Not using a condom when having sex with a person who has HIV. All unprotected sex
with someone who has HIV contains some risk. However:
 Unprotected anal sex is riskier than unprotected vaginal sex.
 Among men who have sex with other men, unprotected receptive anal sex is riskier
than unprotected insertive anal sex.
 Having multiple sex partners or the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases
(STDs) can increase the risk of infection during sex. Unprotected oral sex can also be
a risk for HIV transmission, but it is a much lower risk than anal or vaginal sex.
 Sharing needles, syringes, rinse water, or other equipment used to prepare illicit
drugs for injection.
 Being born to an infected mother—HIV can be passed from mother to child during
pregnancy, birth, or breast-feeding.
Less common modes of transmission include:
 Being “stuck” with an HIV-contaminated needle or other sharp object. This risk
pertains mainly to healthcare workers.
 Receiving blood transfusions, blood products, or organ/tissue transplants that are
contaminated with HIV. This risk is extremely remote due to the rigorous testing of
the U.S. blood supply and donated organs/tissue.
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 HIV may also be transmitted through unsafe or unsanitary injections or other
medical or dental practices. However, the risk is also remote with current safety
standards in the U.S.
 Eating food that has been pre-chewed by an HIV-infected person. The contamination
occurs when infected blood from a caregiver’s mouth mixes with food while chewing.
This appears to be a rare occurrence and has only been documented among infants
whose caregiver gave them pre-chewed food.
 Being bitten by a person with HIV. Each of the very small number of cases has
included severe trauma with extensive tissue damage and the presence of blood.
There is no risk of transmission if the skin is not broken.
 Contact between broken skin, wounds, or mucous membranes and HIV-infected
blood or blood-contaminated body fluids. These reports have also been extremely
rare.
 There is an extremely remote chance that HIV could be transmitted during “French”
or deep, open-mouth kissing with an HIV-infected person if the HIV-infected person’s
mouth or gums are bleeding.
 Tattooing or body piercing present a potential risk of HIV transmission, but no cases
of HIV transmission from these activities have been documented. Only sterile
equipment should be used for tattooing or body piercing.
 There have been a few documented cases in Europe and North Africa where infants
have been infected by unsafe injections and then transmitted HIV to their mothers
through breastfeeding. There have been no documented cases of this mode of
transmission in the U.S.
HIV cannot reproduce outside the human body. It is not spread by:
 Air or water.
 Insects, including mosquitoes. Studies conducted by CDC researchers and others
have shown no evidence of HIV transmission from insects.
 Saliva, tears, or sweat. There is no documented case of HIV being transmitted by
spitting.
 Casual contact like shaking hands or sharing dishes.
 Closed-mouth or “social” kissing.
What is hepatitis?
“Hepatitis” means inflammation of the liver. Toxins, certain drugs, some diseases, heavy
alcohol use, and bacterial and viral infections can all cause hepatitis. Hepatitis is also the
name of a family of viral infections that affect the liver; the most common types are
Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C.
What is the difference between Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C?
Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C are diseases caused by three different viruses.
Although each can cause similar symptoms, they have different modes of transmission and
can affect the liver differently. Hepatitis A appears only as an acute or newly occurring
infection and does not become chronic. People with Hepatitis A usually improve without
treatment. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C can also begin as acute infections, but in some
people, the virus remains in the body, resulting in chronic disease and long term liver
problems. There are vaccines to prevent Hepatitis A and B; however, there is not one for
Hepatitis C. If a person has had one type of viral hepatitis in the past, it is still possible to
get the other types.
What is Hepatitis A?
Hepatitis A is a contagious liver disease that results from infection with the Hepatitis A virus.
It can range in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a severe illness lasting
several months. Hepatitis A is usually spread when a person ingests fecal matter — even in
microscopic amounts — from contact with objects, food, or drinks contaminated by the
feces, or stool, of an infected person.
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What is Hepatitis B?
Hepatitis B is a contagious liver disease that results from infection with the Hepatitis B virus. It can range in severity
from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. Hepatitis B is usually spread when blood,
semen, or another body fluid from a person infected with the Hepatitis B virus enters the body of someone who is
not infected. This can happen through sexual contact with an infected person or sharing needles, syringes, or other
drug-injection equipment. Hepatitis B can also be passed from an infected mother to her baby at birth.
Hepatitis B can be either acute or chronic. Acute Hepatitis B virus infection is a short-term illness that occurs within
the first 6 months after someone is exposed to the Hepatitis B virus. Acute infection can — but does not always —
lead to chronic infection. Chronic Hepatitis B virus infection is a long-term illness that occurs when the Hepatitis B
virus remains in a person’s body. Chronic Hepatitis B is a serious disease that can result in long-term health
problems, and even death.
The best way to prevent Hepatitis B is by getting vaccinated.
What is Hepatitis C?
Hepatitis C is a contagious liver disease that results from infection with the Hepatitis C virus. It can range in severity
from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. Hepatitis C is usually spread when blood from a
person infected with the Hepatitis C virus enters the body of someone who is not infected. Today, most people
become infected with the Hepatitis C virus by sharing needles or other equipment to inject drugs. Before 1992, when
widespread screening of the blood supply began in the United States, Hepatitis C was also commonly spread
through blood transfusions and organ transplants.
Hepatitis C can be either “acute” or “chronic.” Acute Hepatitis C virus infection is a short-term illness that occurs
within the first 6 months after someone is exposed to the Hepatitis C virus. For most people, acute infection leads to
chronic infection. Chronic Hepatitis C is a serious disease than can result in long-term health problems, or even
death.
There is no vaccine for Hepatitis C. The best way to prevent Hepatitis C is by avoiding behaviors that can spread the
disease, especially injection drug use.
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