Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Cornell Notes Lecture, reading/chapter/novel/article during class, power point, movies (if need to collect info.) “Inside Earth” _________________________ __________________ Topic:__ Name: _______First & Last____________________________ Class: _____Science____________ Period: ___All_____ Date: ____________October 2016________________ Essential Question: How does the theory of plate tectonics explain the cycling of Earth’s materials and the flow of energy that drives the process? Notes: Questions/Main Ideas: *** Examine the Figures (pictures, maps, etc.) in this section closely. They are very helpful. *** p.s. This is often true in textbooks. * The Earth’s lithosphere- the rigid rock of the crust and upper mantle- is broken into pieces with jagged cracks at the boundaries. * The sections of Earth’s crust are called plates. * The jagged edges between the plates are called boundaries. How Plates Move *The Theory of Plate Tectonics explains the formation, movement, and subduction of Earth’s plates. * Convection currents in the mantle move the plates. As they move, they collide, pull apart, or grind past each other. Plate Boundaries * Faults are breaks in Earth’s crust where rocks have slipped past each other. “There are three kinds of plate boundaries: divergent, convergent, and transform. A different type of plate movement occurs along each type of boundary. ***Look at Figure 23: Plate Tectonics on p. 34-35*** *** A divergent boundary is where two plates move apart. Mid-ocean ridges occur at divergent boundaries, and a rift valley forms when a divergent boundary happens on land (e.g. The Great Rift Valley). *** A convergent boundary is where two plates come together: the result is a collision. The density of the plates determines what happens. * Two oceanic plates collide: the denser will sink at a deep-ocean trench. * Oceanic plate collides with continental plate: dense oceanic crust sinks, through subduction beneath the lessdense continental crust. * Two continental plates collide: Neither is dense enough to sink far, so the crust is squeezed and broken in “mighty mountain ranges” include the Himalayas, the tallest mountains on Earth. *** Transform Boundaries occur where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions. Earthquakes often occur at transform boundaries, e.g. the San Andreas Fault in California. Plate Motions Over Time * There is evidence that other supercontinents formed and split apart over billions of years before Pangaea- which formed when Earth’s landmasses drifted together about 260 million years ago. Summary: * The theory of plate tectonics explains the formation, movement, and subduction of Earth’s plates. * There are three main kinds of plate boundaries: divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries. A different type of movement happens at each type of boundary. Key Terms: plate, scientific theory, plate tectonics, fault, divergent boundary, rift valley, convergent boundary, transform boundary.