Download Name: TRUE/FALSE please answer the following statements by

Name: ______________________________
TRUE/FALSE please answer the following statements by marking T for true or F for false in the blank.
1.____ Scientists have shown a correlation (relationship) between hurricanes and earthquakes.
2.____ Earthquakes occur almost everyday in Washington State.
3.____ The earth’s oceanic crust can be as thin as 4 miles in depth, while the continental crust can be as thick as
45 miles in depth.
4.____ Three United States Geological Survey (USGS) scientists were recently killed in mid- October 2009 while
retrieving liquid iron samples from the earth’s outer core.
5.____ 18 giant earthquakes have struck Cascadia in the last 7,000 years
6.____ Approximately one giant earthquake has hit Cascadia every 500 years.
7.____ Although scientists can’t know the exact time an earthquake will happen, they can accurately and precisely
predict within a year when earthquakes will occur
8.____ As the human population increases, scientists believe more earthquakes will occur.
9.____ If (when) a giant earthquake occurs here in Cascadia again, some places could see 10 to 50 foot tsunami
waves strike the northwest coast for 8-10 hours
10.___ A 5.2 earthquake occurring in Seattle could be felt by a seismograph station in China.
11. ___ In a 250 million years, the major tectonic plates of our earth could move at least 2,000 kilometers from
where they are today on their way to forming another single super continent.
FILL IN THE BLANK: Please fill in the blank with the correct word(s).
1. Scientists that study earthquakes are called ______________________.
2. The number of major tectonic plates that make up the earth’s crust is approximately ___________.
3. The name of the “Super Continent” where all our present-day continents formed one giant land mass
250 million years ago is called _______________________.
4. The ____________________ of an earthquake measures how badly an area’s buildings and other
structures are damaged by an earthquake.
5. The _______________ of_______________ is the region of the earth where 80% of earthquakes
occur.
6. The tectonic plates of earth move on average ____ cm a year.
7. Scientists use ______________ to measure how far the earth’s plates move.
8. The __________________ __________________ _________ is a huge 700 mile long fault off the
coast of the Pacific Northwest.
9. The ___________ scale measures the strength of an earthquake on a scale from 1-10 by examining
the amplitude of the largest seismic wave on a seismogram.
Answer the following questions using the map below of the tectonic plates of the earth.
1. What is the name of plate A? __________________________
2. What is the name of plate B? __________________________
3. What is the name of plate C? __________________________
4. What type of plate boundary exists between plate A and plate B? _______________
5. What type of plate boundary exists between plate B and plate C? _______________
6. What type of plate boundary exists between plate A and plate C (down in California)?
___________________
C
B
.
A
Short Answer:
1) Name 3 factors that would affect the intensity or amount of damage done by an earthquake:
1.
2.
3.
2) Describe scientifically how most earthquakes occur in California (associated with the San
Andreas Fault) and how they vary from the earthquakes that occur in the Pacific Northwest.
Compare and contrast the plate tectonics of the two regions.
3) Describe 3 ways in which mountains may form on our planet.
1.
2.
3.
4) What are 3 pieces of evidence that scientists have found to convince them that massive
earthquakes have occurred in our region in the past and will again in the future?
1.
2.
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.____The earth’s crustal surface is in motion. What appears to be driving this process?
a) Energy directly from the sun
b) Convection energy in the mantle
c) Volcanic eruptions in the Ring of Fire
d) Thirty-four giant hamsters running on a wheel deep inside the earth
2. ____What part or parts of the earth make up the lithosphere?
a) Between the mantle and core
b) Crust only
c) Crust and uppermost mantle
d) Mantle only
3. ____What is one way that scientists know the outer core behaves like a liquid?
a) S-waves do not travel through liquid, and they are unable to get through the core.
b) Scientists have drilled to the core of the earth, and have seen the liquid properties.
c) Scientists have not hypothesized about whether the outer core is liquid or solid.
d) P-waves do not travel through liquid, and they are able to get through the core.
4. ____In the early 1900’s, which of the following was NOT used as evidence to prove
that the continents were once one large landmass?
a) Animal and plant fossils matched up on continents now separated by oceans.
b) The shapes of the continents seemed to fit together like puzzle pieces.
c) Mountain ranges and rock types lined up on separate continents.
d) Earthquakes and volcanoes occurred along plate boundaries.
5. ____ Which of the following mountain range is formed by volcanic eruptions?
a) Cascade Mountains
b) Himalaya Mountains
c) Andes Mountains
d) A and C
Name the following parts of the interior of our planet in the spaces below:
1. __________________________
2. __________________________
3. __________________________
4. __________________________
5. __________________________
6. _________________________
7. _________________________
Complete the following for each:
* write the two types of plates (oceanic and/or continental) that meet at each of the regions
* write the type of plate boundary that exists
* write a brief explanation describing what is happening to the earth at each location
a) The mid-Atlantic Ridge
______________ / _______________ plates
_______________ plate boundary
Description:
b) The Himalayan Mountains
______________ / _______________ plates
_______________ plate boundary
Description:
c) The Andes Mountains
______________ / _______________ plates
_______________ plate boundary
Description:
d) The Japan Trench
______________ / _______________ plates
_______________ plate boundary
Description:
EXTRA CREDIT!!
Locate the earthquake epicenter: The chart below shows the times P & S-waves
arrived at each seismograph (on the data sheet). Use the data from the seismogram and
the P/S wave graph to fill out this chart and determine how far away each station was
from the epicenter.
Stations
X
Y
Z
P-wave
arrival time
10:02:15
10:03:15
S-wave
arrival time
10:06:15
Arrival time difference
Distance to epicenter
Data from three different seismograph stations:
Seismic Data
P and S-wave graph:
Earth Science Test #2
name:
_____________________________
“Tell Me All You Know”
In the space below, explain the various tectonic processes that are taking place in the
diagram. Label ‘parts’ of the diagram. In your response, explain how these processes
(this diagram) relate to the Pacific Northwest. You may draw on the diagram if this
allows you to explain your ideas more clearly, or you may draw a diagram of your own, if
necessary. Be as scientifically accurate and detailed as possible. Tell me all you know.
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________