Download astronomy review sheet2

Name _________________________________
Period _______
Unit 5: Astronomy Review Sheet
Use this sheet as a study guide. Be able to answer all of the following questions and know the
vocabulary for the unit test.
Overarching Question:
What is our place in the universe?
Topical Questions:
Lesson #1: Objects in our sky
1. Why do celestial objects appear to move in our sky?
2. How fast and in what direction do celestial objects move across our sky?
3. Where is Polaris located and how do stars appear to move around it?
4. What is the difference between rotation and revolution?
5. Time on Earth is based on the motion of the ___________ around the _______.
6. What proof do we have that the Earth rotates?
Lesson #2: Seasons
7. What causes seasons?
8. Fill in the chart below:
Name
Date
Sunrise
Sunset
Vertical Ray
(latitude)
Angle of
Sun at noon
in York
Vernal
Equinox
Summer
Solstice
Autumnal
Equinox
Winter
Solstice
9. Between what latitudes can the sun be directly overhead? Does that include New York
State?
10. During what season does the Sun appear larger AND why?
Lesson #3: The Moon
11. What causes moon phases? (Be able to sketch and name them too)
12. Why do we always see the same side of the moon?
13. What causes tides?
14. Sketch a diagram of a lunar AND a solar eclipse. (include the Sun, moon and Earth in your
sketches)
15. About how many revolutions does the moon make in one month?
16. Why don’t we have an eclipse every time the moon orbits Earth?
Lesson #4: Orbits
17. What shape are the orbits of most celestial objects?
18. As an object gets closer to what it is orbiting (in our case the Sun), what happens to the
speed of the object?
19. How many degrees in its orbit does the Earth move each day? (think about what the shape
of our orbit is close to and how many days are in a year)
20. Calculate the eccentricity of the ellipse below:
Lesson #5: The Solar System and Beyond
21. Why doesn’t the Earth look like the Moon or Mercury? (in terms of craters)
22. What is the difference between the geocentric and heliocentric models of the Solar
System?
23. Where does the Sun get its energy?
24. Put the following in order from youngest to oldest: Solar System, Earth, Universe
25. How do we know the universe is expanding?
** Know how to read ESRT p. 14 (Electromagnetic Spectrum), p. 15 (all) **
Vocabulary:
Satellite
Coriolis Effect
Foucault
Pendulum
Apparent Motion
Zenith
Eccentricity
Apparent Diameter
Constellation
Galaxy
Rotation
Big Bang
Celestial
Object
Revolution
Nuclear Fusion
Practice Regents Questions:
26. The diagram below shows the noontime shadow cast by a vertical post located in New York State.
Which letter indicates a location south of the post?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
27. According to the Luminosity and Temperature of Stars Earth Science reference table, the Sun is classified as a
A) blue supergiant star with a temperature of approximately 20,000°C and a luminosity of 700,000
B) main sequence star with a temperature of approximately 6,000°C and a luminosity of 1
C) main sequence star with a temperature of approximately 4,000°C and a luminosity of 100
D) white dwarf star with a temperature of approximately 10,000°C and a luminosity of 0.01
Questions 28 through 30 refer to the following:
The diagram below represents a plastic hemisphere upon which lines have been drawn to show the apparent paths of the
Sun on four days at one locate on in the Northern Hemisphere. Two of the paths are dated. The protractor is placed over
the north-south line. X represents the position of a vertical post.
28. What is the latitude of this location?
A) 90 degrees N
B) 0 degrees C) 66 ½ degrees N
D) 23 ½ degrees N
29. How many degrees does the altitude of the Sun change from December 21 to June 21?
A) 43 degrees
B) 47 degrees
C) 66 ½ degrees
D) 74 degrees
30. Which path of the Sun would result in the longest shadow of the vertical post at solar noon?
A) C-C’
B) A-A’
C) D-D’
D) B-B’
31. Which diagram correctly shows the apparent motion of Polaris from sunset to midnight for an observer in
northern Canada?