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The Milky Way Galaxy
 Over 100 billion ________ and
possibly a ______ ____ in the center.
 Has star clusters, planets, glowing
nebulae, dust and empty space.
 _________ stars and globular cluster
near the __________
 ____________ stars and galactic
clusters in _________
 One hundred thousand (100,000)
light years in __________. Ten
thousand (10,000) light years ______
 Our solar system is located on the
___________ Arm – 30,000 light
years from the center.
 Part of the __________ _________
of super clusters (Andromeda is also
part of this group)
 Astronomers use __________ and
_____________ telescopes to “see”
the center of the galaxy
 We can’t actually “see” the center of
the galaxy because of ____ and ___!
 The Milky Way is getting ________
because it is “eating” the Large
Magellanic Cloud. Its stars are being
added to the Milky Way.
 The Milky Way is falling toward the
Andromeda Galaxy and both are
feeling the tug of the great Virgo
Cluster, which is 50 million light
years away.
Andromeda Galaxy (M31)
 Can only be seen by astronomers in
the _______________ hemisphere
 2.2 million _______ ________ away
 Can see without a telescope, appears
as a faint fuzzy patch
 About the same size as the
____________ ____________
 Two times more ______________
than the Milky Way
Galaxies
Large & Small Magellanic
Clouds
 Can only be seen by astronomers in
the ________________ Hemisphere
 The two ______________ galaxies
to the Milky Way (Less than 200,000
light years away)
 Visible to the naked eye
 Relatively small and _____________
in shape
 Only five percent of the _________
of the Milky Way
 Large Magellanic is being “eaten”
by the Milky Way
 A _________ is a huge region of
space that contains hundreds of
billions of _______, planets, glowing
nebulae, dust, empty space, and
possibly __________ ___________.
Messier Catalog System
 According to Hubble’s Law, galaxies
are moving _____ from one another.
 Charles Messier was looking for
___________.
 Made a list of star clusters, galaxies
and nebula so that he would not
mistake them for comets.
 Listed 110 objects, including 32
_______________ by 1780.
 Andromeda – M31
 Galaxies began when large clouds of
__________ and _________ started
to shrink as a result of their gravity.
 Galaxies are held together by
_________________.
 100 billion or so exist in the
universe.
 Hubble categorized these shapes or
basic schemes of galaxies:
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
Parts of a Galaxy
Spiral Galaxies
 The galaxy is made up of two visible
components:
 _____________ tightly would
around galaxy, like a pinwheel
 A group of objects in center (stars
and possibly a ________ ________)
 Surrounded by a halo and an
invisible cloud of _____________.
 _____________ – which forms arms
 May lose arms and become _______
 Examples: Milky Way and
Andromeda Galaxies
1. ___________
2. ___________
Irregular Galaxies
 Neither ________ nor ___________
 Disk, but no spiral ___________
 Caused by the formation of _______
stars in the galaxy or by the pull of
neighboring gravitational fields
 In some irregular galaxies one can
see individual ________, nebulae,
and clusters
 Mixture of ______ and _____ stars
 Large amounts of _____ and _____
 Examples: Large and Small
Magellanic Clouds
Elliptical Galaxies
 Can be _____________, oval,
flattened or spherical
 Resembles the nucleus of a spiral
galaxy without the __________
 Very little ________ or _________
 Mostly __________ stars
 Collect into _____________ clusters
 Examples: M32
Parts of a Galaxy – Disk
 Contains clouds of gas and dust
called ___________
 In a spiral galaxy, most stars are in
the __________
 Open Cluster (Galactic Clusters) are
_____________, asymmetric groups
of stars.
Parts of a Galaxy – Bulge
 A large squashed sphere surrounding
the galaxy’s ___________
 Contains ______________ stars
 Not very much _______ or _______
 One fifth of the total light comes
from the ____________
 The bulge can be used to determine
the _____________ of the galaxy
 Above and around the bulge are
______________ ______________ –
hundreds of thousands of stars bound
in a tight spherical swarm