Download The Respiratory System - NOTES

The Respiratory System – NOTES
Body System
Respiratory System
Respiratory System
responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon
dioxide from the body, Respiration
nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli, and
diaphragm
Filtering system for the lungs
Six Main Parts
Nasal Cavity
Pharynx (throat)
Trachea (windpipe)
Tube-like structure
the trachea leads to the bronchi
Epiglottis
Closes over entrance to the trachea to keep food out
Bronchi (bronchial tubes) Two branches, to left lung and to the right lung
Bronchioles
smaller and smaller branches
Alveoli
tiny air sacs that are surrounded by capillaries
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to/from the
blood happens here
Diaphragm
Second strongest body muscle, controls inhaling and
exhaling
Diaphragm contracts – inhale air
Diaphragm expands – forces exhale
The Circulatory System works with the Respiratory System to bring
oxygen and nutrient to the cells of the body.
How We Breathe
Inhale air
Diaphragm contracts
Air enters mouth or nose where it is warmed, moistened and filtered
Down the pharynx (throat)
Down through trachea (windpipe), lined with cilia (tiny hairs)
Trachea splits into two smaller tubes called bronchi (bronchial tubes)
Smaller branches called bronchioles
Alveoli are at the end, tiny sacs surrounded by capillaries
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the capillaries
Oxygen is carried by the red blood cells to the whole body
Carbon Dioxide takes the same route out of the lungs
Diaphragm expands
Exhale air
Lung Model Experiment: balloon = lungs, plastic = diaphragm, bottle = chest cavity
When the plastic is pulled down, air enters the balloon and expands
When the plastic is released, air is forced out of the balloon