Download Renaissance Notes Lesson 2: The Renaissance Essential

Renaissance Notes
Lesson 2: The Renaissance
Essential Questions:
1. Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?
2. What were important people and ideas during the
Renaissance?
Renaissance: the time from about 1400 to 1600 in which
Europeans entered a new age of thought, learning, art
and science.
Humanism: a way of thinking that focuses on the ideas
and actions of individuals.
Vernacular: the everyday language of the people.
Scientific method: a system of observing and
experimenting to determine whether an idea should be
accepted as true.
Moveable type: letters and numbers made from
individual pieces of metal that can be positioned to form
rows of words.
Both
portraying
people
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Dark, gloomy theme
Patterned background
Lacks perspective and detail
Not realistic – “cartoon-like”
Human features are identical
Acrylic paint?
Patterned objects
Lacks color
Nobles are depicted
Religious
Both explain
events
Exaggeration
Class
structure
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3-D, one point perspective
People are realistic
People have different
characteristics
Realistic background portrays
architecture of the time period
Oil-based color?
Feast-like celebration
Gender separation?
Light perspective—shadows
Facial expressions
THE RENAISSANCE:
KEY IDEAS
 The Renaissance, which lasted from 1400-1600, began in Italy,
mainly because Italy had urban centers, wealthy patrons of the arts,
and the heritage of ancient Rome. (FLORENCE)
 Scholars rediscovered classical ideas based on studies of the
workings of nature, which challenged medieval ideas centered on
religion.
 Humanism focused on the ideas and actions of individuals and
became a new way of thinking.
 Artists pictured a more realistic view of the world, and scientists,
such as Copernicus and Galileo, developed new ideas about the
Earth
 The movable-type printing press (Johannes Gutenberg) and writing
in the vernacular helped new ideas reach a wide audience
throughout Europe.
Artists:
1. Pieter Brueghel – painted common people in
daily life.
2. Leonardo da Vinci – Mona Lisa and The Last
Supper
3. Michelangelo Buonarroti – Sistine Chapel,
sculptures of Moses and David
Writers:
1. Castiglione – The Courtier
2. Leonardo da Vinci – notebooks with ideas and
drawings
3. William Shakespeare – plays and poems
4. Machiavelli – The Prince
5. Thomas More – creating a better society
6. Erasmus – creating a better society
Scientists:
1. Galileo Galilei – telescope, scientific method
2. Nicolaus Copernicus – Earth revolves around
the Sun
3. Leonardo da Vinci – parachute, flying machine
4. Johannes Gutenberg – invented the printing
press
Patrons:
1. Medici family
2. Other wealthy merchant families
The Reformation
Essential Questions:
What were the causes of the Reformation?
What changes occurred as a result of the Reformation?
Key Vocabulary:
Indulgences
Heresy
Protestant
Reformation
 In 1517, Martin Luther called for the Catholic Church
to reform, or change
o He nailed his 95 Theses, or statements of
opinion, to the Castle Church
 For years, many Church leaders had abused their
power (Pope Leo X – sold positions and charged for
confessions)
 In 1521, after refusing to change his statements
against the Church, Luther was found guilty of
heresy and was excommunicated.
 Luther gained support and this reform movement
was known as the Reformation.
 Catholic leaders tried to stop the Reformation, but
Luther’s supporters protested – they soon were
known as Protestants.
 The Reformation spread from Germany to other
parts of Europe, soon dividing Europe into Catholic
and Protestant states.
Result of the Reformation
Protestant Countries
Catholic Countries
Germany
Spain
Norway
Portugal
Sweden
Italy
Denmark
France
England
Ireland
Scotland
Austria
The Netherlands
Poland
Hungary
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