Download Assignment Guide: Unit II

Assignment Guide: Unit II
The Reformation & Wars of Religion
Major Themes:
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7)
The Reformation (Economic-Social, Political)
Continuing Weakening of the Church (Economic-Social, Political)
Continuing Development of Nation-States--Politiques (Political)
Wars of Religion (Political)
Monarchy v. Nobility (Political)
Protestant Resistance Theory (Political, Cultural Intellectual)
Baroque Art (Cultural-Intellectual)
Fri 09/26
1) Overview of Unit II
2) Begin discussion (“Martin Luther and the German Reformation”)
3) Return and discuss Unit I Objective Test
Mon 09/29 & Wed 10/01 (split DQs in half. First 5 due Mon, remaining 5 due Wed.)
NOTE: On Tuesday, September 30, you will view a portion of the film “Luther”. You will
have NO DQs due, nor will you have a reading assignment due.
4) Read: Kagan, pg. 352-361 (up to The Reformation Elsewhere), 366-368(up to The
English Reformation to 1533); Weber pg. 54-71 (The Machinery of Indulgences,
Instructions Issued by Albert of Mainz, John Tetzel: A Sermon on Indulgences, Martin
Luther, The Ninety-Five Theses, On the Babylonish Captivity of the Church, The Peasant
Revolt, The Twelve Articles of the Peasants, Martin Luther: Against the Robbing and
Murdering Hordes of Peasants, 1525)
5) Discussion: “Martin Luther and the German Reformation”
--Discussion Questions
1. Identify the main political and social conflicts that existed in Western Europe on
the eve of the Reformation.
2. What were some of the criticisms against the Catholic Church? Why wasn’t the
Church able to suppress dissent as it had earlier?
3. What role did the printing press play in the Reformation?
4. Why did the Reformation begin in Germany?
5. What were Luther’s two main criticisms of the Catholic Church?
6. What were the major areas of the Habsburg Empire of Charles V? How did his
election as emperor aid the Reformation?
7. What was revolutionary about Luther’s position on authority in religious matters?
Why were German princes so willing to support Luther?
8. How did the religious revolt of Luther influence other aspects of society?
9. Doc. pg. 362: What do the protests of the peasants reveal about their lives?
10. To what areas did Lutheranism spread? Why? What were the political and
social effects of the Peace of Augsburg (1555)?
Thurs 10/02
1) Read: Kagan, pg. 361-366, 368-370 (up to Catholic Reform and CounterReformation); McKay, pg. 466-475; Weber, pg. 71-73 (Calvinism, John Calvin: The
Institutes of the Christian Church, 1559), 97-99 (Henry VIII, The Act of Supremacy
(1534), The Act of the Six Articles (1539))
2) Discussion: “The Reformation Elsewhere: Zwingli, Calvin, and Henry VIII”
--Discussion Questions
1. What were the basic similarities and differences between the ideas of Luther and
Zwingli? What affect did these differences have on the Protestant movement?
2. What was “radical” about Anabaptism and other Protestant minorities?
3. How did Luther and Calvin differ in their ideas about the role of religion in
society?
4. Explain the special course of reformation in England. What changes occurred
under Henry VIII? Edward VI? Mary I?
Fri 10/03
1) Finish discussion (“The Reformation Elsewhere: Zwingli, Calvin, and Henry VIII”)
Mon 10/06
1) Read: Kagan, pg. 370-374 (up to Social Significance of the Reformation) Weber, pg.
76-85 (The Council of Trent)
2) Discussion: “The Counter-Reformation”
--Discussion Questions
1. Why were the terms “Catholic Reformation” and “Counter-Reformation” both
justified?
2. What were the goals of Ignatius Loyola and the Jesuits (Society of Jesus)?
3. What changes in the Catholic Church resulted from the Council of Trent? What
was not changed?
4. What was the role and impact of the Church in Spanish America?
5. Doc. pg. 346: Is Las Casas romanticizing the American natives? What is his
attitude toward their culture?
Tues 10/07
Read: Kagan, pg. 374-378 (up to Family Life in Early Modern Europe)
1) Discussion: “The Political and Social Consequences of the Reformation”
--Discussion Questions
1. How did the relationship of religion to society change from the 15th century to the
16th century?
2. Discuss the relationship between the Reformation and education.
3. How did the Protestant view of women and their function differ from the
traditional attitudes of the Middle Ages?
Wed 10/08
1 ) Read: Kagan, pg. 388-391 (up to The French Wars of Religion)
2)Discussion: “Renewed Religious Struggle and Baroque Art”
--Discussion Questions
4. How did the nature of religious wars change by the middle of the 16th century?
5. What was different about the organization of Calvinism and Roman Catholicism?
What political groups did each appeal to and why?
6. What is a politique?
3) Video: Art of the Western World (Baroque Art)
4) Seminar (2006#2)
5)Seminar (2006 #1)
Thurs 10/09
1) Read: Kagan, pg. 391-395; (up to Imperial Spain and the Reign of Philip II) Weber,
pg. 85-87 (The Massacre of St. Bartholomew, Joachim Opser, S.J.: Letter to the Abbot
of Saint-Gall, Papire Masson: Histoire de Charles IX, The Roman Reaction: A Prayer
of Thanks), 116-119 (Jean Bodin, From La Republique)
2) Discussion: “The French Wars of Religion”
--Discussion Questions
1. Identify the prominent factions in the struggle for power in France.
2. Why did Calvinism appeal to the nobility in France?
3. How was Catherine de Medicis a politique? How was Henry of Navarre (Henry
IV) a politique?
4. How did Protestant Resistance Theory change after the Saint Bartholomew’s Day
Massacre?
5. Doc. pg.396: Which articles of the Edict of Nantes do you believe would be the
most difficult for the French people to follow? Explain your answer.
Fri 10/10 & Mon 10/13
1) Read: Kagan, pg. 395-404 (up to The Thirty Years’ War); Weber, pg. 99-103 (Charles
V, The Abdication in Brussels (1555), Philip II, The Gold of the Indies, Revenues of the King of
Spain (1559))
2) Discussion: “Philip II, the Revolt in the Netherlands, & Elizabeth I”
--Discussion Questions
1. Why was Philip II of Spain NOT considered a politique?
2. In what specific ways does the Escorial Palace (pg. 429) serve as a symbol for
the reign of Philip II?
3. State some of the reasons why Philip was unable to subdue the rebellion in the
Netherlands.
4. Doc. pg. 400: Why did Philip II perceive William of Orange as such a threat?
Why was it important that Spain gain control over the Netherlands?
5. Contrast the policies toward religion of Mary I and Elizabeth I. Which would
you consider to be a politique? Why?
6. Identify the various religious groups in England during Elizabeth’s reign. How
did she deal with each one?
7. What was the significance of the defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588) to Spain?
To England?
2) Seminar (1990#2)
3) XC IDs due Monday, 10/13
Tues 10/14
1) Read: Kagan, pg. 404-413; Weber, pg. 133-135 (The Thirty Years’ War, Hans Jacob
Christopher von Grimmelshausen: from Simplicissimus)
2) XC IDs due today!!
3) Discussion: “The Thirty Years’ War”
--Discussion Questions
1. Describe the conditions (political and religious) that led to the Thirty Years’ War.
2. What was the distribution of religious groups throughout Europe in about 1600
(see map on pg. 440)?
3. What were the four stages of the Thirty Years’ War? Identify the participants
and describe the results of each stage.
4. How was the Thirty Years’ War different from earlier “religious” wars? Why do
some historians call it the first “modern war”?
5. According to the Treaty of Westphalia, which countries were “winners”? Which
were “losers”?
Wed 10/15
Read: Barron’s, pg. 46-62 (Practice Questions Numbers 1-15)
1) Review for Unit II
Thurs 10/16
1) Unit II Subjective Exam
Fri 10/17
1)Unit II Objective Exam
2) Non Ex/Cr IDs due