Download culture, human values and professional ethics

CULTURE, HUMAN VALUES AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
1. Culture may be defined as
 pattern of arrangements, material and behavioural adopted by a society
 typical habit pattern of people
 sum total of collective behaviour
 uncodified ideology of people
2. The difference between culture and civilization is that
 Culture is divine whle civilization is man made
 Culture denotes non utilitarian things, Civilisation denotes utilitarian
things
 Culture has spiritual basis, Civilisation has material basis
 Culture is static, Civilisation is dynamic
3. Which of the following statement is true?
 Culture and civilization are interdependent
 Culture and civilization are not interactive
 Culture and civilization are poles apart
 Civilisation succeeds culture in a clash between the two
4. One culture is distinguished from the another by
 The family system
 The form of marriage
 The material traits
 The material and non-material traits
5. Which of the following is a characteristic of culture
 culture is learnt
 culture is divine creation
 culture makes man’s life materially comfortable
 culture is a religious and ethical system
6. Culture is important for the individual because
 it makes him a human being
 it unites him with his ancestors
 it provides him easy means of social living
 it helps him to earn his livelihood
7. Culture pertains to
 social heritage
 social equity
 religious and moral attitudes
 none of these
8. Which one of the following is not a part of culture
 rail roads
 observance of sanskaras
 spirituality
 religious tolerance
9. Culture is
 imitating an individual in the group ways
 a limitation on freedom
 whims of a conservative in the group
 Repletion of the most repeated.
10. Professional culture refers to
 shared belief of top managers about how they should manage about
themselves and their employees
 Shared code of ethics and other commonalities shared by members of
a give group
 Both (a) and (c)
 None of the above
11. Which among the following is not a pertinent function of culture?
 regulation of social conduct of individuals
 teaching the individuals to live and behave in the society
 inculcating a sense of aggressive competition
 Teaching the individuals manners good habits etc.
12. …… refers to a state of disequilibrium and a lack of social solidarity or consensus
amony the members of the society
 Social organization
 Social disorganization
 Social system
 Social dis integration
13. A social problem becomes a social problem on the condition that when
 It affects society as a whole in some way
 It is a personal problem
 It affects minor community in a society
 It affects the culture of the society
14. ……. Is not an example of major social problems?
 Poverty
 Juvenile Delinquency
 Personal problem
 Crime
15. Children who indulge in criminal activities are called




Juvenile delinquent
Traunts
Manics
Discordants
16. Juvenile delinquents are those offenders including boys and girls who are normally
under ….. years of age




14
15
16
18
17. .--------- exists when one is not able to get sufficient food and necessities of life
 crime
 unemployment
 war
 poverty
18. In which nation is chewing gum prohibited and the death penalty mandatory for
crimes committed with a firearm?
 Russia
 Japan
 Singapore
 Afghanistan
19. A boy often tells lie. Teachers and parents advised him to many times. Still he
continues the behaviour. Identify the act of the boy.
 Crime
 Illiteracy
 Juvenile delinquency
 Alcoholism
20. Professional crime refers to
 the work of a group that regulates relations between various criminal
enterprises.
 illegal acts committed in the course of business activities, often by
affluent, "respectable" people.
 the pursuit of crime as a day-to-day occupation, involving skilled
techniques and the enjoyment of a certain degree of status among
other criminals.
 the willing exchange among adults of widely desired, but illegal, goods
and services.
21. Why institutions are called “forms of procedure”?
 Every organization depends on recognized set of rules in its
functioning
 They enumerate forms and procedures which are recognized and
accepted
 So far as far as society is concerned, these forms of procedure govern
the relations between individuals and groups.
 All of these
22. Which of the following statement is not true?
 Institutions are means for controlling individuals
 Institutions depend upon the collective nature of man
 Institutions are formed to satisfy the primary needs of men
 Institutions are concerned with the social life as a whole
23. Institution differ from society in that
 Society is a system of social relationships while institutions is the
organization of rules, traditions and usage
 Society is temporary, institutions are permanent
 Society exists to preserve institutions.
 Society governs human relations, institutions are group of human
beings
24. The mass media, the government, the economy, the family, and the health care
system are all examples of
 Social networks
 Collectivities
 Social institutions
 Groups
25. Which of the following cannot b called an institution?
 Family
 Church
 Political party
 Students Union
26. The Manifest function of institutions are those which
 Are recognized and intended
 Are collateral
 Are not intended
 Keep the institution alive
27. Which one is an institution?
 Family
 State
 Party system
 All of the above
28. Which is an economic institution?
 Property
 Credit
 Bank
 All of the above
29. Which is not an institution
 Marriage
 Theatre
 Inheritance
 Property
30. Religion
 is a belief in supernatural power
 is a belief in the immorality of soul
 is a pursuit of ideal ends
 is a method of salvation
31. What is the largest single faith in the world?
 Buddhism
 Christianity
 Hinduism
 Islam
32. The followers of which religion believe that their holy scriptures were received from
Allah by the prophet Mohammad?
 Buddhism
 Christianity
 Hinduism
 Islam
33. What is the most basic manifest function of education?
 the transmission of knowledge
 the transmission of culture
 promoting social and political integration
 maintaining social control
34. To constitute a family the essential characteristic is
 a form of marriage
 sense of unity
 specific objectivity
 mutual understanding
35. The essential function of the family are
 satisfaction of sex need
 production and rearing of children
 socialization of children
 transmission of culture
36. Which of the problem is the marriage problem in India
 dowry system
 education of the girls
 social prejudices
 caste system
37. Exogamy is
 marriage outside the group
 marriage within the group
 an experimental group
 companionate marriage
38. Marriage within the caste is called
 endogamy
 exogamy
 sagotra
 hypergamy
39. Of the following which is a primary group
 political group
 factory
 school
 family
40. A group in which one has a ‘we-feeling’ is called an
 racial group
 primary group
 nationality group
 inherited group
41. The essential characteristics of primary group is
 lack of identification
 affection and love
 identification of love
 continuous contact
42. Primary group is important for individual for it
 has spontaneous living together
 provides stimulus to different members
 its members are a part of the same process of living
 they need not have a unity in the performance of their function
43. An in-group is characterized by
 jealousy and competition
 intimate relationship
 sense of attachment
 element of sympathy
44. Reference group are symbolic of
 not a clan
 not a family group
 not a class
 Some exterior group for consultative purpose.
45. What determines group life
 we feeling
 feeling of unity
 common purpose
 all of these
46. Which of the following is not the characteristics of social group
 reciprocal relations
 common interests
 we feeling
 similar ethnic background
47. Which of the following is not a characteristics of primary group
 small size
 similarity of background
 common economic pursuits
 intensely shared interests
48. Primary groups are important for the society because
 they help in the socialization of individuals
 they provide stability to the society
 they are the oldest group in society
 they maintain social control over the individuals
49. Which of the following is not a characteristics of secondary group
 formal structure
 large size
 compulsory membership
 indirect relations
50. The intimate, spontaneous, face to face interaction takes place in
 a cooperative group
 a primary group
 a model group
 a reference group
51. Which of the following is not true about sexual harassment?
 It occurs only when the targeted employee refuses to cooperate.
 It occurs when any employee--woman or man--experiences repeated,
unwanted sexual attention.
 It occurs when on-the-job conditions are hostile or threatening in a
sexual way.
 Women are the targets of most sexual harassment.
52. Which of the following are ways to successfully combat sexual and racial harassment
in workplace?
 Communicating to all employees a company-wide policy forbidding
sexual and racial harassment.
 Establish a complaint procedure.
 Vigorously investigating all complaints and acting on findings.
 All of the above.
Unit II
53. Society brings about acceptance of basic norms through techniques and strategies for
preventing deviant human behavior. This process is termed
 Stigmatization
 labeling
 law
 Social Control
54. The agencies of social control are…..
 Informal and unofficial social control
 Formal and official social control
 Formal and informal social control
 None of these
55. Formal social control is …..
 School
 mass media
 religion
 Redefined norms
56. Informal social control is …..
 social rewards
 Mass media
 Punishments
 Persuasion
57. ….. tend to occur in small group
 Formal social control
 Informal social control
 Culture
 Official social control
58. …… is carried out by enforcing laws and rules by the authoritarian agencies
 Formal social control
 Informal social control
 Culture
 Un official social control
59. According to Control Theory, inner controls are more effective when
 We are members of the middle or upper classes.
 We are able to reject negative labels and neutralize our deviance.
 We fear punishment from authorities such as parents or the court
system.

We have strong attachments, commitments and involvement with
society.
60. Which of the following is NOT an example of informal social control?
 Jail
 Laughter
 Raising of an eyebrow
 Ridicule
61. Punishments, or negative sanctions, are especially important at the _____________
level.
 Traditional
 Formal
 Societal
 Non formal
62. Peer approval of your actions would be a good example of _______.
 Age specific support
 Informal social control
 Formal social control
 Internationalization of norms
63. Social Control theory attempts to explain ____________________.
 Corporate Crime
 White Collar crime
 Lower class crime
 Conformity
64. Police officers, school administrators, employers, and managers of movie theaters are
all instruments of
 Informal social control
 Formal social control
 The state
 The government
65. Which of the following is not formal means of social control
 Education
 Coercion
 Law
 Religion
66. Children who are still sucking their thumbs when they enter the kindergarten are
often subject to teasing and ridicule for this behaviour.What type of social sanction is
applied for this instance?
 Formal Positive sanctions
 Formal Negative sanctions
 Informal Positive sanctions
 Informal Negative sanctions
67. …. are rewards or punishments that are applied by a social authority
 Formal sanctions
 Negative sanctions
 Positive sanctions
 Informal sanctions
68. …. are spontaneous responses to an individual behaviour with a little or no influence
of authority such as praise or ridicule
 Formal sanctions
 Negative sanctions
 Positive sanctions
 Informal sanctions
69. Positive sanctions are …….
 rewards or punishments that are applied by a social authority
 reward for approved behaviour
 spontaneous responses to an individual behaviour
 Punishment for behaviour that violates social norms or customs
70. Negative Sanctions are…..
 rewards or punishments that are applied by a social authority
 reward for approved behaviour
 spontaneous responses to an individual behaviour
 Punishment for behaviour that violates social norms or customs
71. Social change is _______ in modern societies.
 Registered
 regulated
 Slow
 Rapid
72. The transformation of culture and social institutions over time is called
 Modernity
 Social change
 Social character
 Post modernity
73. The process of social change initiated by industrialization is called
 Social character
 Post modernization
 Modernisation
 Individualisation
74. All of the following characterize modernization, except
 Decreasing social diversity
 The decline of small and traditional communities
 The expansion of personal choice
 Future orientation
75. A new way of seeing reality is a/an __________.
 example of diffusion
 example of reformulation
 invention
 discovery
76. _______________________ are the alterations over time in social structures, culture,
and behavioural patterns.
 Social changes



Social movements
Modernization movements
Reformist movements
77. Combining existing elements and materials to form new ones is called _________-.
 diffusion
 cultural lag
 discovery
 invention
78. A "Luddite" is a/an:
 person experiencing cultural lag.
 victim of new technologies.
 technological entrepreneur.
 person who opposes new technology.
79. Technology always refers to
 information
 new ideas and materials
 cutting edge thought
 artificial means of extending human abilities
80. Unverified information that is passed on from person to person is called a
______________.
 metaphor
 convention
 rumour
 gossip
81. Gossip usually consists of information about a person's ____________________.
 military record
 work
 crimes
 personal affairs
82. The values, beliefs, behaviour, and material objects that constitute a people's way of
life is defined as
 Norms
 Culture
 Folkways
 Mores
83. ……… are rules by which society guides its members.
 Norms
 Culture
 Folkways
 Mores
84. …… are a society's standards of proper moral conduct.
 Norms
 Culture
 Folkways
 Mores
85. ………………are a society's customs for routine, casual interaction.
 Norms



Culture
Folkways
Mores
Unit – III
86. Values are
 the standard of behavior
 the unity of character based on moral values
 moral responsibility to increase the desirable effects
 the principle of not harming the surroundings
87. …………… are collective conceptions of what is considered good, desirable, and
proper or bad, undesirable, and improper--in a culture.
 Mores
 Values
 Folkways
 Sanctions
88. Health, love, and democracy are examples of
 Mores
 Values
 Folkways
 Sanctions
89. Which one of the following is a correct statement?
 Values are the ideas held by individuals or groups
 Values are by nature universal and apply to all cultures
 Values provide essential organizing principles for integration of
individual and group goals
 Values are another names for social structure
90. ……….. is mostly based on some code or law and judgment of any action is based on
code of conduct or law
 Ethics
 Values
 Commitment
 Character
91. Ethics refers to ………..
 putting self in a position of someone else
 reconcile conflicts through adjustments
 an action based on code of conduct or law
 mental make up of an individual in taking bold decisions
92. ……… is the bridge between responsibility in private and professional life.
 Integrity
 Service Learning
 Work Ethic
 Civic virtue
93. Integrity is
 the standard of behavior
 the unity of character based on moral values
 moral responsibility to increase the desirable effects
 the principle of not harming the surroundings
94. Service Learning is
 the standard of behavior
 the unity of character based on moral values
 moral responsibility to increase the desirable effects
 the principle of not harming the surroundings
95. ……… tells that one has moral responsibility to increase the desirable effects and to
decrease the harmful effects
 Integrity
 Service Learning
 Work Ethic
 Civic virtue
96. Civic Virtue refers to ….
 the standard of behavior
 the unity of character based on moral values
 moral responsibility to increase the desirable effects
 the principle of not harming the surroundings
97. ……… is a principle of civic virtues?
 Not harming the surroundings
 living peacefully
 respect for others
 All the above
98. Caring involves
 sharing of feelings
 involves feelings with other persons and protecting others
 mutually beneficial
 morally acceptable feelings
99. Sharing is always
 imbibe honesty -honesty in acts
 governs confrontations with danger and risk
 mutually beneficial
 physical work for common benefit
100. …………… means extending help to others, for a good cause.
 Empathy
 Co operation
 Integrity
 Courage
101. Co -operation may be through an idea, a suggestion, and assistance or ……
 sharing of feelings
 Physical work which extends to others for common benefit.
 mutually beneficial
 morally acceptable feelings
102.
………..means putting self in a position of someone else and thinking as the later
 Empathy
 Commitment
 Integrity
 Courage
103. ……. is the mental make up of an individual in taking bold decisions even under
adverse situations.
 Empathy
 Commitment
 Integrity
 Courage
104. Courage as a value implies
 honesty -honesty in acts
 self respect and governs confrontations with danger and risk
 mutual beneficiary
 physical work for common benefit
105. Self-respect is ……..
 Psychological concept
 means having a positive attitude toward oneself
 refers to the virtue properly valuing oneself
 Moral and psychological oriented
106. What are the two forms of self -respect?
 Recognition self -respect and Appraisal self
 Self esteem and Appraisal self
 Recognition self –respect and sense of self responsibility
 Truthfulness and trustworthiness
107.
Self Esteem is
 Meeting responsibilities concerning trust.
 means having a positive attitude toward oneself
 refers to the virtue properly valuing oneself
 Moral and psychological oriented
108. ……. is necessary to avoid deceiving and to be frank in giving all the relevant
facts
 Commitment
 Empathy
 Honesty
 Courage
109.
110.
….
111.
The two aspects of honesty are
 Self esteem and Self respect
 Truthfulness and trustworthiness
 Self esteem and trustworthiness
 Truthfulness and Self respect
Spirituality raises a man above the materialistic world into a realm where he seeks
 Peace and professional life
 Real happiness and respect for others
 Peace and real happiness.
 Private and professional life.
Spirituality is the key to the mind of Indians. This view was expressed by
 Swmai Vivekanada



112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
Sri Aurobindo
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Sri Radha Krishnan
Which of the following signify the ethical ideals?
 Artha
 Moksha
 Dharma
 Kama
Unit –IV
…………. examines standards for the rightness and wrongness of actions
 Meta Ethics
 Normative Ethics
 Philosophical ethics
 Descriptive Ethics
Which of the following is not a value present in most ethical decisions?
 Be fair and just.
 Be charitable.
 Act responsibly.
 Be honest.
Which is Not a Sense of Engineering Ethics?
 Ethical problems, issues and controversies.
 Particular set of beliefs, attitudes and habits.
 Morally correct.
 Evaluate benefits and costs of alternate solutions
Which is not a general feature of morally responsible engineers?
 Conscientiousness.
 Comprehensive perspective.
 Lack of Autonomy.
 Accountability.
In the study of ethics, most people
 believe ethics to be easy to define: ethics are decisions about right and
wrong.
 believe that they are more ethical than their fellow workers.
 are somewhat uncertain about what ethics are and how to define
the term.
 think society's institutions send clear signals about what is right and
wrong.
One of the aims of Engineering Ethics is to
 Inspire engineers to aquire in depth knowledge in their field
 Stimulate the moral imagination
 Acquire new skills in Engineering, Testing and Research
 Make Engineers self Confident in discharging their duties
Professional Ethics is
 Set of standards adopted by Professionals
 Set of rules passed by Professional bodies
 Traditional rules observed since a long time
 Set of rules relating to personal character of professionals
Engineers shall issue public statements only
 In subjective Manner
 In objective Manner
 On their personal responsibility
 Based on the reports sent by higher officers
121. …………. is an engineer who is registered or licensed within certain jurisdictions
to offer professional services directly to the public.
 Professioanl engineer
 Test engineer
 Field engineer
 Graduate engineer
122. Professional Ethics takes into account of
 The personal character of engineers
 The temperament of engineers
 The religious bent of mind of engineers
 The social back-ground of engineers
123. Professional ethics
 concerns the moral issues when providing a service to the
public.
 Provides up-to-date Knowledge in their area of profession.
 Stimulates to conduct research
 Stresses on Time Management
124. Engineering Ethics
 Stimulates the moral imagination
 Provides up-to-date Knowledge in the field of engineering
 Stimulates to conduct research
 Stresses on Time Management
125. One of the views on responsibility of Engineers is
 They are strictly liable
 They are absolutely reliable
 They should do good works
 They should take reasonable responsibility
126. This is not the aim of studying Engineering Ethics
 Analyzing concepts
 Addressing unclarity
 Engaging sense of responsibility
 Procuring faultless results
127. This is not dishonesty in Engineering Research and Testings
 Crimping
 Cooking
 Forging
 Plagiarism
128. The text defines "ethics" as
 a personal choice between right and wrong.
 the standards followed in relationships.
 an individual's adherence to a professional code of conduct.
120.
 One’s professional belief system.
One of the characteristics of profession is that
 usually it is having monopoly
 It demands hard work
 It is based on honesty
 It is having tough competition impediment
130. ……………is an international non-profit, professional organization for the
advancement of technology related to electricity
 National Society of Professional Engineers
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers
 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
 American Institute of Chemical Engineers
131. ……….. is exercised based on the moral concern for other people and recognition
of good moral reasons
 Moral Dilemmas
 Moral Autonomy
 Authority
 Self Responsibility
132. Which is the criterion required for a Profession?
 Knowledge
 Organization
 Public Good
 All the Above
133. A bribe refers to
 a substantial amount of money or goods offered beyond a stated
business contract
 money or goods offered beyond contract with the aim of winning an
advantage
 Small gratuities offered in the normal conduct of business.
 Both A and B
134. A small gratuity offered in the normal conduct of business is called as …..
 Bribe
 Gift
 Kick backs
 Scam
129.
135. Prearranged payments made by contractors to companies or their representatives
in exchange for contracts actually granted are called ……….
 Bribe
 Gift
 Kick backs
 Scam
136. …………. are formulas, patterns, devices, or compilations of information, which
are used in business to gain an advantage over competitors


Patents
Copyrights
 Trademarks
 Trade secrets
137. Which of the following is false with regard to Patent Condition?
 Patents are documents issued by the government
 It allows excluding others from making use of the patented
information for twenty years
 The invention must be new, useful, and non-obvious.
 It Should emphasize trade secret
138. ………. are words, phrases, designs, sounds or symbols associated with goods or
services.
 Patents
 Copyrights
 Trademarks
 Trade secrets
139. ………..are
rights to creative products such as books, pictures, graphics, sculpture,
music, movies, and computer programs
 Patents
 Copyrights
 Trademarks
 Trade secrets
140. Copyright law
 provides basic and automatic coverage whether the material is
formally registered or not.
 applies only to copyrighted or patented material.
 does not protect freelance artists and writers unless they are under
contract to an organization that commissions the work in question.
 applies to copyrighted material that is used for purposes of criticism,
teaching, scholarship, or research.
UNIT V
141. Which of the following is not an argument for social responsibility?
 Ethical obligation.
 Possession of resources.
 Lack of accountability.
 Balance of responsibility and power
142. Which of the following is professional responsibility?
 Incompetent representation
 Communication with represented parties
 Mishandling of client money
 Duty of confidentiality
143. ……. are rights possessed by virtue of being people or moral agents.
 Human Rights
 Professional Rights
 Moral Rights
 Ethical Rights
144. …… are rights possessed by virtue of being professional having special moral
responsibilities.
 Human Rights
 Professional Rights
 Moral Rights
 Ethical Rights
145. External Whistle Blowing means ………
 Information is passed outside the organization.
 Information is conveyed to someone within the organization.
 Individuals openly reveal their identity as they convey the information.
 Involves concealing one’s identity.
146. Information is conveyed to someone within the organization is called as …...
 External Whistle Blowing
 Internal Whistle Blowing
 Open Whistle Blowing
 Anonymous Whistle Blowing
147. In which type of Whistle blowing individuals openly reveal their identity as they
convey the information.
 External Whistle Blowing
 Internal Whistle Blowing
 Open Whistle Blowing
 Anonymous Whistle Blowing
148. Anonymous Whistle Blowing means …….
 Information is passed outside the organization.
 Information is conveyed to someone within the organization.
 Individuals openly reveal their identity as they convey the information.
 Involves concealing one’s identity.
149.
Ethical behavior and legal behavior ………
 are the same thing.
 have little relationship to each other.
 often overlap: what is unethical is often, but not always, illegal.
 are topics for classroom discussion since ethics are of little help in
real-world public relations.
150. _____ is the norm that holds all social institutions responsible for its members'
behavior.
 Public communications
 Social responsibility
 Management by objectives
 Cognitive dissonance
151. The attitude that characterizes the ethical problem of conflicts of interest is:
 "Help yourself and those closest to you."
 "Greed is good."
 "We have to beat the others at all costs."
 "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."
152. In the highest stage of moral development, the meaning of right and wrong is
defined by:
 Universal principles of justice.
 Fairness.


Social contracts.
Both A and B, but not C.
153.
…………. concerns the deviation of one or more results of one or more future
events from their expected value.
 Hazard
 Risk
 Safety
 Probability
The term ……….. is used to mean an event that could cause harm
 Hazard
 Risk
 Safety
 Probability
155. The purpose of ………… is to provide principles and generic guidelines on risk
management.
 ISO 14000
 ISO 31000:2009
 IEC 31010
 ISO/IEC 73
156. OHSAS refers to ……..
 Operational Health & Safety Advisory Services
 Occupational Health & Safety Assessment Services
 Occupational Hazard & Safety Advisory Services
 Occupational Health & Safety Advisory Services
154.