Download Biology – Unit 3: Chapter 6 – The Chemistry of Life

Biology – Unit 6 – Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering
Standards Covered
SB2 Students will analyze how biological traits are passed on to successive generations.
 SB2 a. Distinguish between DNA and RNA.
 SB2 b. Explain the role of DNA in storing and transmitting cellular information.
 SB2 c. Describe the relationships between changes in DNA and potential appearance of new
traits including
o Alterations during replication - Insertions, deletions and substitutions
o Mutagenic factors that can alter DNA – High energy radiation, chemical
 SB2 f. Examine the use of DNA technology in forensics, medicine and agriculture.
Essential Questions
How does DNA relate to genes?
Vocabualary
Nucleotide
Nitrogen Base
DNA
RNA
Semi-conservative
Protein Synthesis
Transcription
Translation
Mutation
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion
Inversion
Frameshift Mutation
Translocation
Gene Therapy
Cloning
Gel-Electrophoresis
Learning Log Questions
1) What does DNA stand for?
2) What is the sugar in DNA called?
3) How many strands are on DNA?
4) What is the shape of DNA?
5) What are the 4 nitrogen bases used in DNA?
6) What pairs with Adenine?
7) What pairs with Guanine?
8) What pairs with Thymine?
9) What pairs with Cytosine?
10) Which bases are purines?
11) Which bases are pyrimidines?
12) What is the bonding relationship between purines and pyrimidines?
13) Where is DNA located in the cell?
14) Does DNA ever leave its home?
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What molecule unzips and unwinds the DNA double-helix in replication?
What molecule pairs up complementary nucleotides to the DNA strands in replication?
What is the complementary sequence of TTA CCG CGA TAT?
What is the sister molecule to DNA?
What does RNA stand for?
What is the name of the sugar in RNA?
What nitrogen base does RNA not have that DNA does?
What nitrogen base does RNA have that DNA does not have?
What is the base pairing rule for RNA?
Is Uracil a pyrimidine or a purine?
What is the purpose of RNA?
What is a protein made of?
What binds together the amino acids in protein?
What process is RNA involved in?
What are the 3 types of RNA?
Is RNA single-stranded or Double-stranded?
What are the 2 steps of Protein Synthesis?
Where is RNA located in the cell?
What is mRNA?
What is the role of rRNA?
What does tRNA do?
How does mRNA leave the nucleus of the cell?
Where is rRNA located in the cell?
Where is tRNA located in the cell?
Transcribe this sequence: TAT CGT AGC TAA GCC TGG CTA
Translate this sequence: TAG CGC TTG TTT CAC GCT AGC
What is the difference between a codon and an anticodon?
Where would you find codons?
Where would you find anticodons?
When interpreting which amino acid will be brought to the rRNA, what sequence is read –
mRNA or tRNA?
45) When interpreting which amino acid will be brought to the rRNA, what is read – codon or
anticodon?
46) What is the amino acid for AUC?
47) What is the amino acid of GAG?
48) What is meant by a frameshift mutation?
49) Which types of mutations can cause a frameshift?
50) What are the different types of mutations that can occur in DNA replication?
51) What is translocation?
52) What is inversion?
53) What is a mutation?
54) What does the sequence of nitrogen bases on DNA have to do with the sequence of amino
acids in a protein?
55) What are 3 factors that can cause DNA mutations?
56) When are mutations passed on to children? When are they not?
57) What are restriction enzymes and how are they used in Genetic Engineering?
58) Describe how cloning is done?
59) What is useful about DNA Fingerprinting?
60) What advances have been made in agriculture because of Genetic Engineering?
61) What is the Human Genome Project?
62) What is Gene Therapy?
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