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Beverly Hills  Physics
Midterm Review  Motion/Forces
STUDY
Vocabulary
Define each of the following using the textbook:
Free-Body Diagram
Motion Diagram
Particle Diagram
Instantaneous Acceleration
Instantaneous Velocity
Displacement
Trajectory
Vector
Scalar
Vector Decomposition
Resultant
Equilibrant
Long-range Force
Contact Force
Kinetic friction force
Static friction force
Normal Force
Terminal Velocity
Newton's First Law
Newton's Second Law
Newton's Third Law
Inertia
Interaction pair
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GUIDE
Beverly Hills  Physics
Midterm Review  Motion/Forces
STUDY
GUIDE
1. Use the Distance vs. Time table and graph below to
answer the questions below.
Time (s)
0
5
15
20
25
30
Distance (m)
Slope
Change in
Slope
0
20
40
80
100
100
1a. What was the speed of the object in each interval
(fill in table)?
1b. During what time period did the object have the
highest speed?
1c. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
Assume that the object is traveling with a positive
velocity.
i.
At which time did the object experience a
positive acceleration?
ii.
At which times did the object experience
negative acceleration (deceleration)?
2. Usain St. Leo Bolt takes 9.58 seconds to run the 100 m dash. What is his average velocity?
3. What is the final velocity (vf) of a car that accelerates from rest (vi = 0) at a rate of a = 10 m/s2 for 20
seconds?
4. The escape velocity to escape the earth’s gravity is 11,200 m/s. What is the constant acceleration
necessary if it takes 5 hours to reach the escape velocity starting from rest (0 m/s).
5. Calculate the acceleration of a Formula One race car that can go from 18 km/hr (v0 = 5 m/s) to 300
km/hr (vf = 83.3 m/s) in 8.2 seconds. How far does the race car travel (Δx) in these 8.2 seconds?
Property of Craig Mosher, Beverly Hills High School
Beverly Hills  Physics
Midterm Review  Motion/Forces
STUDY GUIDE
5. Motion Graph: The black line in the graph below represents motion of an object that starts at v0 = 30
m/s and increases at a constant acceleration for ten seconds to a final velocity of v 10 = 80 m/s.
A. What is the acceleration of the object? Show your work.
B. What term in the distance formula does the lower rectangular area of the graph represent?
C. What term in the distance formula does the upper triangular area of the graph represent?
D. Using the knowledge that the area under the velocity-time graph is the objects total
displacement (Δx), use Geometry to find the total distance that the object has traveled during
the ten seconds of motion shown in the graph. Show all work.
6. A movie stunt car drives off a bridge and falls straight down into the river 200 m below. How long does it
take the car to hit the water? Assume the acceleration of gravity is a = -9.8 m/s2 and that the initial
vertical velocity is zero (v0 = 0 m/s).
7.
A punter kicks a football that stays in the air for ttotal = 6.0 seconds.
The vertical velocity (vyo) is 30 m/s and the horizontal velocity (vxo) is 10 m/s.
How high (yhigh) does the ball travel? How far does it travel?
6. What two things CANNOT be changed when moving vectors (or it becomes a different vector)?
a. magnitude and position
b. position and direction
c. magnitude and direction
d. time and magnitude
7. What is the rule for adding vectors together?
a. using regular addition and subtraction rules.
b. first add the scalar parts together, then find the angle.
c. in a “head (or tip)” to “tail” fashion.
d. using Euclidean geometry.
Beverly Hills  Physics
Midterm Review  Motion/Forces
STUDY
GUIDE
8. Vector Decomposition: The diagram below shows a velocity vector A = 32 m/s pointing in the θ = 45°
direction. Using vector decomposition, find the velocity in the x-direction (Ax) and the velocity in the y-direction
(Ay). Show ALL work!
9. Cross a River. You are on the West side of a river that is flowing north at a constant velocity of 4 m/s, N. You
desire to swim to a spot directly on the other side of the river at a velocity of 5 m/s, E. How fast and in what
direction should you swim in order to overcome the river velocity and arrive at a spot directly across from you?
10. What is the acceleration of a falling object that has reached its terminal velocity?
a. 9.8 m/s
b. 0 m/s2
c. 9.8 m/s2.
d. 0 m/s.
11. Weight versus Mass. 1) Explain the difference between weight and mass. 2) Can an object have mass and no
weight? 3) Can an object with no mass have weight?
12. Bullet and Rifle Recoil. Using both Newton’s second and third laws, explain why the forces acting on a bullet
and the recoiling rifle from which it is fired are equal and opposite in magnitude, but the resulting accelerations
are very different.
13.
What is the scale reading (weight) of a m = 100 kg person in an elevator that is
accelerating upward at a = 3 m/s2?
14. Mission Impossible. Tom Cruise (75 kg) is being lowered by a cable into a computer room to steal important
documents weighing 5 kg. The cable can only support a tension force of FT = 1000 N without breaking. What is
the maximum acceleration that Tom Cruise and the documents can experience without the cable breaking? 1)
Draw a free-body diagram with all forces; 2) write a force balance; 3) Substitute and Solve for F net; 4) Find anet.
5) Tom has 6 seconds to get out of the room and be raised 50 meters starting from rest (0 m/s). Does he make
it out safely?
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