Download Unit 4A Test Review

Name_____________________________ Date_________ Hour___________
UNIT 4ATEST REVIEW: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
1. Monomers are linked together to make ______________
2. List the elements in each compound:
a. Carbohydrates ____________________________
b. Lipids _______________________________
c. Proteins ___________________________
d. Nucleic Acids ____________________________
3. The most abundant organic compound in the biosphere is ______________________, which is found in
_____________________________and used in manufacturing _______________________________.
4. What is the second most abundant organic compound in the biosphere? _____________________. What
is it found in? _________________________________________________________________
5. Animals store excess glucose as they polysaccharide, ____________in liver and muscle cells.
7. Plants store excess glucose as the polysaccharide, _____________.
8. Give the definition of an organic compound. _________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
9. List the indicator used when testing for each.
a. Monosaccharides _________________________
b. Polysaccharides ______________________
C. Proteins________________________________
d. Lipids ____________________________
10. What type of bond holds amino acids together? ______________________
11. Joining two monosaccharides to make a disaccharide is an example of what process? _______________
12. Splitting a disaccharide into two monomers is an example of what process? ______________________
13. What is the chemical formula for a disaccharide? _________________ Give an example of a
disaccharide.________________Monosaccharide? ___________Give an example of one_____________
14. Unsaturated fats have ________________bonds while saturated fats have _______________bonds.
15. Which fat is the ‘good’ fat? ____________________ The ‘bad’? _____________________
16. Unsaturated fats are found in plant based foods like _______________________________________
17. Saturated fats are found in animal based foods like_________________________________________
18. The process that uses amino acids to create a protein is? ___________________________________
19. The process that breaks down polysaccharides into monosaccharides is? _________________________
20. In reference to question #18, is this making or breaking down a molecule?___________________
21. In reference to question #18, Does water need to be added to or removed from this reaction? ________
22. In reference to question #19, is this making or breaking down a molecule?_________________
23. In reference to question #19, Does water need to be added to or removed from this reaction? _______
24. Polymers are formed by joining ______________ together.
26. All 4 organic compound groups contain _______________, _________________, ________________
27. Making a disaccharide from two monosaccharides is an example of ______________ _______________.
28. Dairy products are a ____________source of both proteins and lipids
29. Which elements are in proteins and/or nucleic acids, but not in lipids or carbs?
30. What amino acids together? ________________________________ What is the only difference
between one amino acid and another one?_________________How many amino acids are there? _____
31. Which part of an atom determines what it can bond with? ________________
32. What would you look for in the chemical structure of a lipid tell you if it saturated or unsaturated?
__________ _____________________________________________________________________
Type of bond_____________#of
electrons____
Type of bond_____________#of
electrons____
33. What is the chemical formula of this molecule?
Type of bond_____________#of
electrons____
______________________
34. What type of fat has carbon completely surrounded by H? ____________why can this happen?
______________________________________________________________________________
35. If iodine is dropped on a piece of paper, it turns black because ________________________________
36. When your cells need energy the molecule they break down first is ___________________ once that is
used up they begin to break down stored _____________________, but when a plant cell needs energy, it
will first break down _______________________ once that is used up it will begin breaking down stored
____________________________.
37. Which organic compound group was not tested in our lab? _________________________What did the
victim’s stomach contents contain? ______________________________________________
38. If 4 amino acids are combined, how many water molecules would be given off? ___________
*EXPLAIN why the chemical formula of a disaccharide is not double of a monosaccharide. _________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
The following data was obtained while conducting a lab testing the organic compounds Carbohydrates
(sugar and starch), proteins and lipids.
Indicators
Solution A
Solution B
Solution C
Solution D
Benedicts
Turns Orange
Turns Dk. Blue
Turns Blue
Turns Orange
Iodine
Turns Black
Turns Yellow
Turns Black
Turns Orange
Biurets
Turns Blue
Turns Purple
Turns Blue
Turns Purple
Brown Paper
No Spot
Spot
No Spot
Spot
39. Name the organic substance(s) in Solution A. ___________________________________________
40. Name the organic substance(s) in Solution B. ____________________________________________
41. Name the organic substance(s) in Solution C. ____________________________________________
42. Name the organic substance(s) in Solution D. ____________________________________________
P. Protein
L. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
44.____________ Nucleotides are monomers
45. ____________Fatty acids and glycerol are monomers
46. ____________Second energy source
47. ____________Starch and glycogen are examples
48. ____________Main energy source
49. ____________ RNA and DNA are examples
50. ____________Contains the genetic code for making proteins
51. ____________Amino acids are monomers
52. ____________ C6H12O6
53. ____________Skin, enzymes and muscles are examples
54. ____________Steroids are an example
55. ____________Saturated and unsaturated
56 ____________Monomers are monosaccharides
57 ____________ Do NOT test food for this organic compound
58. ____________Forms Cell membranes
59. ____________Contains phosphorous
60. ____________Dipeptides and polypeptides
61____________Makes cells to build structures
62 ____________Contains sulfur
63. ____________ Cholesterol
64. __________________ can function as enzymes.
66. _______________ determines what proteins our body makes.
N. Nucleic Acids
56. List at least 3 characteristics of an enzyme.
a. _______________________________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________________________
c. _______________________________________________________________________
57. Does a catalyst lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction or increase it? ______________
58. Are all catalysts are enzymes? ______________
59. Are enzymes are used up during a chemical reaction? ____________
60. A substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(an) _______________.
61. Enzymes are biological __________________.
62. Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing what? ____________________________
63. The name of an enzyme usually ends in ________________.
64. The substrate fits into a particular region of an enzyme called the _____________ __________.
65. Extreme pH levels or temperatures above 40degrees Celsius causes the enzyme to do what? ______
__________________________________________
66. After the reaction with the enzyme, what happens to the substrate? _______________________
_________________________________
67. Are enzymes living things? ___________________
Figure 2–2
pH Values of Some Common
Substances
Substance
pH
Hydrochloric acid
1.0
Sulfuric acid
1.2
Tomatoes
4.2
Rainwater
6.2
68. What is the strongest acid listed in Figure 2–2?______________
69. What is the weakest acid? ________________________
70. What is the pH of the strongest base listed in Figure 2–2?______
71. What is the pH of the weakest base? _________
ACID
BASE
S
S
1_________________________7________________________14
N
E
U
T
R
A
L
Pure water
7.0
Sea water
8.5
Ammonium chloride
11.1
Sodium hydroxide
13.0