Download Chapter 16 – Endocrine Test Review

Name: ______________________
Test Date: _______________________
Chapter 16 – Endocrine Test Review
1. Differentiate between the Nervous System and the Endocrine System in regards to type of chemical
messenger, distance traveled by messenger and regulatory effects.
2. What is the function of trophic hormones? Name the 4 discussed in class and know their target cell.
3. Differentiate between steroids and nonsteriods by describing what each are each derived from?
4. Explain the differences in mechanisms of action between steroid and non-steroid hormones on the target
cell.
5. Explain the second messenger mechanism for nonsteroid hormones. What is the 1st messenger? What
two substances can act as second messengers?
6. Differentiate synergism, permissiveness and antagonism. Give two examples of hormones who
demonstrate an antagonistic relationship.
7. Which endocrine gland is known as the “master gland”?
8. What type of regulatory mechanism controls hormone secretion? Which hormone is controlled by a
different mechanism?
9. Compare/contrast T3 and T4. Which is the “principle thyroid hormone”?
10. What is the main mineralcorticoid in the human body? What does this hormone regulate and/or influence
and how?
11. Which endocrine gland discussed in class contains both endocrine and exocrine tissue?
12. Explain the signs and symptoms of diabetes and why they occur based on what you know about the
pathophysiology of diabetes.
For the hormones listed below know the gland from which each is secreted, the function and the target cell.
Hormone
releasing hormones
growth hormone (GH)
prolactin (PRL)
follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH)
thyroid stimulating
hormone (TSH)
adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
Secreted from?
Target Cell(s)
Function
oxytocin
antidiuretic hormone
(ADH)
Melatonin
Calcitonin
T3/T4
Parathyroid hormone
(PTH)
Aldosterone
Cortisol
Glucagon
Insulin
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
Human chorionic
gonadotropin (hCG)
For each of the following disorders or abnormalities know whether it is caused by hyper or hyposecretion, the
associated endocrine gland and give an explanation.
 Gigantism:

Acromegaly:

Pituitary dwarfism:

Diabetes insipidus:

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH):

Graves disease:

Cretinism:

Cushing Syndrome:

Addison Disease:

Diabetes (Type 1 and 2)