Download Chapter review p 83-84 Model answers Cell Function Organelles

Chapter review p 83-84
Model answers
1. Cell
2. Function
3. Organelles
4. Eukaryotes
5. Tissue
6. Cell wall
7. C
8. D
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. Cells must be small in order to have a large enough surface area-to-volume ratio to get
sufficient nutrients to survive and to get rid of wastes.
14. Cells are the smallest unit of all living things. Cells combine to make tissues. Different
tissues combine to make organs, which have specialized jobs in the body. Organs work
together in organ systems, which perform body functions.
15. Structure is the shape of a part. Function is the job a part does.
16. The cell membrane separates the cell’s contents from the outside environment and
controls the flow of nutrients, wastes, and other materials into and out of the cell.
17. The cytoskeleton is a web of tubular and stringy proteins. The cytoskeleton helps give
the cell its shape, helps the cell move in its environment, and helps the cell move its
organelles around.
18. ……..
19. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of folded membranes within a cell where
many proteins, lipids, and other materials are made in the cell. The smooth ER also
helps break down toxic materials. The ER is the part of the internal delivery system in a
cell. The Golgi complex modifies, packages, and distributes proteins to other parts of the
cell. It takes materials from the ER and encloses them in a small bubble of membrane.
Then, it delivers them to where they are needed in other parts of the cell as well as
outside the cell.
20. The structure of a part is its shape and the material it is made of. The function of a part
is what that shape and material enable that part to do in the body; for example, alveoli
are tiny sacs in the lungs that hold gases. Alveoli are made of a membrane that enables
oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass into and out of the blood.
21. Not valid; some organisms are unicellular and have no tissues, organ, or organ systems.
22. Ribosomes make proteins, which all cells and all organisms need to survive. If your
ribosomes disappeared, you would die.
23. Archaebacteria are older because there are many types of methane-making
archaebacteria and because many types of archaebacteria live in very hot places.
24. Mitochondrion
25. B
26. C