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22 Introduction to Plants
Date
Chapter Test A
Multiple Choice
Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.
_____ 1. Which of the following is true?
a. Plants have adaptations that minimize light absorption.
b. Plants require less water on sunny days.
c. Most plants get the water they need from the soil.
d. Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and do not use oxygen.
_____ 2. Living on land required that plants
a. have photosynthetic pigments. c. exchange gases.
b. conserve water.
d. have cell walls.
_____ 3. What would have most likely occurred if plants had not begun to live on land?
a. Animals also would not live on land.
b. There would be no green algae in the oceans.
c. Animals would not undergo cellular respiration.
d. There would be no carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
_____ 4. How have the sporophyte and gametophyte changed as plants have evolved?
a. More recently evolved plants are mostly haploid gametophytes.
b. The sporophyte has become larger, but the gametophyte has not changed.
c. Many more recently evolved plants no longer have a sporophyte.
d. The gametophyte has become smaller, and the sporophyte has become larger.
_____ 5. What is a basic difference between a sporophyte and a gametophyte?
a. A sporophyte is a reproductive structure while a gametophyte is not.
b. A sporophyte undergoes sexual reproduction while a gametophyte undergoes asexual
reproduction.
c. A sporophyte is part of the diploid phase while a gametophyte is part of the haploid phase
of the plant life cycle.
d. A sporophyte is much smaller than the gametophyte.
_____ 6. Which of the following statements about green algae is true?
a. They are found in dry areas on land.
b. Evidence suggests they were the first plants.
c. They are multicellular plants.
d. Like other plants, they have specialized structures.
_____ 7. When environmental conditions are unfavorable, why is it an advantage for green algae to
reproduce sexually?
a. They are multicellular when conditions are unfavorable, which favors sexual
reproduction.
b. Sexual reproduction produces larger numbers of offspring in less time.
c. Sexual reproduction produces offspring with greater genetic variety and durable zygotes
that help green algae survive unfavorable conditions.
d. Sexual reproduction produces multicellular algae instead of unicellular algae.
Multicellular algae are better able to survive harsh conditions.
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_____ 8. Of the following locations, you would most likely find mosses growing in
a. hot, dry, mineral-poor soil.
b. sandy soil near a beach.
c. shaded ground near a small pond.
d. exposed ground with direct sun.
_____ 9. Bryophytes must live in moist areas because they lack vascular tissue. For what other reason
do they need to live in moist areas?
a. Bryophytes need the extra water for photosynthesis.
b. The sperm of bryophytes need water to swim to an egg.
c. Gas exchange is more efficient in wet areas.
d. Without moisture, rhizoids cannot anchor the plants.
_____ 10. Xylem tissue is important because it
a. can conduct water over long distances.
b. allows water to diff use from the roots.
c. carries carbohydrates to all parts of the plant.
d. carries out photosynthesis.
_____ 11. What is one reason that vascular plants are larger than nonvascular plants?
a. Vascular plants live in areas where they can get more water than nonvascular plants can.
b. Nonvascular plants cannot live in as many areas as vascular plants, so they stay small.
c. Nonvascular plants do not reproduce as quickly as vascular plants do, so they do not grow
as large.
d. Vascular tissue carries water and nutrients much more efficiently than can be carried by
diffusion.
_____ 12. Seed-bearing plants differ from all other plants in that
a. they have only xylem and no phloem.
b. they have a gametophyte generation.
c. their gametes do not require water for fertilization to occur.
d. they have true roots, stems, and leaves.
_____ 13. Which of the following gymnosperm reproductive structures is haploid?
a. pollen grains
c. seed
b. seed cone
d. cone scale
_____ 14. Angiosperms produce seeds inside protective structures called
a. pollen grains.
c. ovaries.
b. cones.
d. petals.
_____ 15. Which of the following correctly relates an angiosperm structure and what it develops into?
a. pollen grain.
seed
c. embryo
fruit
b. ovary
fruit
d. ovule
fruit
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_____ 16. Flowering plants that grow, flower, produce seeds, and die in one year are called
a. annuals.
c. perennials.
b. dicots.
d. biennials.
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the underlined word or phrase to make
the statement true.
_____ 17. Losing excessive amounts of water through evaporation may affect a plant’s ability to carry
out photosynthesis.
_____ 18. In gymnosperms, gametophytes are encased in cones.
Completion
Complete each statement on the line provided.
19. The shift between phases in the plant life cycle is known as
20.
.
include plants whose cells form multicellular groups but lack specialization.
21. Most seeds can survive extreme heat for long periods because they have a(n)
.
Short Answer
In complete sentences, write the answers to the questions on the lines provided.
Major Groups of Plants
Figure 22–1
22. Based on Figure 22–1, identify which group of plants is most closely related to the ancestor of all
plants and which group of plants evolved most recently.
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23. How are the rhizoids of mosses similar to roots? How are they different?
24. Compare xylem and phloem.
25. What is a pollen grain?
26. Lilies have flower parts in multiples of three and vascular bundles scattered throughout their stems.
Corn plants have fibrous roots and leaves with parallel veins. Roses have tap roots and two
cotyledons. Would you categorize lilies with corn plants or roses? Explain your answer.