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Pre-IB Biology
November 9-10, 1998
Ecology Lesson Plan 1 - Introduction to Ecology (Part 1 of 2)
FCPS Benchmarks
Benchmark 1.15 (SOL-BIO1, BIO5, BIO7, and BIO9)
Students investigate and understand that organisms both cooperate and compete in ecosystems. The interrelationships and
interdependence of these organisms may generate ecosystems that are stable for hundreds or thousands of years.
Indicators
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1.15.1 Relate the concepts of individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems to each other.
(Part 2 - November 11 & 16)
Benchmark 1.13 (SOL-BIO1 and BIO9)
Students investigate and understand that the atoms and molecules on Earth cycle among the living and nonliving
components of the biosphere.
Indicators
 1.13.1 Illustrate the interdependence of living things using the concepts of matter and nutrient cycling.
 1.13.2 Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary processes for cycling carbon dioxide
and oxygen within an ecosystem.
Benchmark 1.14 (SOL-BIO1 and BIO9)
Students investigate and understand that energy flows through ecosystems in one direction, from photosynthetic organisms
to herbivores, to carnivores, and to decomposers.
Indicators
 1.14.1 Illustrate the interaction of producers and consumers in an ecosystem with food chains, food webs, and
energy pyramids.
 1.14.2 Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary processes for the transformation of
energy within an ecosystem.
Benchmark 1.15 (SOL-BIO1, BIO5, BIO7, and BIO9) - continued
Indicators
 1.15.2 Illustrate the interactions within and among populations, including carrying capacities, limiting factors, and
growth curves.
 1.15.3 Cite several examples of predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, and competition.
 1.15.4 Compare biotic and abiotic features of various terrestrial and aquatic biomes.
 1.15.5 Illustrate the various succession patterns in ecosystems.
Virginia SOL Assessment Questions (this lesson only)
1. The study of how living things relate to each other and to their environment is called:
a. ecology *
b. mutualism
2. The layer of Earth that supports life is:
c. food web
d. commensalism
Pre-IB Biology
a. ecology
b. the habitat
November 9-10, 1998
c. the biosphere *
d. trophic levels
c. a habitat
d. a niche *
3. The role an organism has in the environment is called:
a. ecology
b. the biosphere
Pre-IB Biology
November 9-10, 1998
Agenda
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Return Enzyme Labs
Hand in Shark/Dichotomous Key Lab
Display Venn Diagram Homework
Display Kingdom Color Chart Homework
Review Human Taxonomy
Quiz on Classification
Ecological Communities Diagram
Outline Chapter 3
Introduction to Ecology Objectives
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Learn the basic approach to Outlining a Chapter
Distinguish between biotic and abiotic factors
Compare the different levels of biological classification in ecology
Explain the difference between a niche and a habitat
Pre-IB Biology
November 9-10, 1998
Mr. Egenrieder
Period
November , 1998
Chapter 3 Principles of Ecology
Review of terms learned earlier:
Adaptation Homeostasis Species Scientific Methods Section 3.1 - Organisms and their Environment
A. Beginnings of Ecology
1. Natural History - Study of nature that developed into ecology.
2. Ecology
a. Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their envrionment;
b. Involves chemistry, physics, geology, and biology.
3. Biosphere
a. Portion of the earth that supports life.
b. Biotic factors: all the living organisms that inhabit an environment.
c. Abiotic factors: nonliving factors - air, temperature, water, light, soil
Pre-IB Biology
November 9-10, 1998
B. Levels of Organization: Hierarchy of Life
1. Organism - individual of a species.
2. Population
a. Group of organisms of one species living in the same area at the same time
that interbreed.
b. Compete for resources - food, water, mates, etc.
c. Size is limited by available resources.
3. Community
a. Collection of interacting populations.
b. Change in one population can affect other populations in the community.
4. Ecosystem
a. Interactions among the populations in a community and their physical
surroundings (abiotic factors).
b. Can be terrestrial (on land - forests, meadows, deserts) or aquatic (rivers,
lakes, ponds, streams or saltwater)
5. Niche - the role a species plays in a community - its function and its needs
6. Habitat - the place an organism lives.
Pre-IB Biology
November 9-10, 1998
Homework: 
- Complete the outline for Chapter 3, beginning with
Section 3.2 - How Organisms Interact
- Ecological Communities diagram
Summary:
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Learn the basic approach to Outlining a Chapter
Distinguish between biotic and abiotic factors
Compare the different levels of biological classification in ecology
Explain the difference between a niche and a habitat
A few questions:
1. The study of how living things relate to each other and to their environment is called:
a. ecology *
b. mutualism
c. food web
d. commensalism
2. The layer of Earth that supports life is:
a. ecology
b. the habitat
c. the biosphere *
d. trophic levels
3. The role an organism has in the environment is called:
a. ecology
b. the biosphere
c. a habitat
d. a niche *