Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Name_____________________________ Today’s Date_________ Astronomy Chapter Review YOUR TEST IS ON ___________________________________ DIRECTIONS: USE YOUR NOTES, TEXTBOOK, AND ANY OTHER RESOURCES TO COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. DO NOT JUST GUESS! USING KEY TERMS 1. Use each of the following terms in a separate sentence: year, month, day. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2. Describe the structure of the universe using the terms galaxy, planets, solar system, and sun. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ For each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms differ. 3. reflecting telescope and refracting telescope ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 4. year and light-year ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Name_____________________________ Today’s Date_________ Astronomy Chapter Review 5. rotation and revolution ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 6. terrestrial planet and gas giant ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 7. asteroid and comet ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 8. meteor and meteorite ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS Multiple Choice _____ 9. The length of a day is based on the amount of time that a. Earth takes to orbit the sun one time. b. Earth takes to rotate once on its axis. c. the moon takes to orbit Earth one time. d. the moon takes to rotate once on its axis. Today’s Date_________ Name_____________________________ Astronomy Chapter Review _____ 10. According to _____, Earth is at the center of the universe. a. the Ptolemaic theory b. Copernicus’s theory c. Galileo’s theory d. None of the above _____ 11. Astronomers divide the sky into a. galaxies. b. constellations. c. zeniths. d. phases. _____ 12. The altitude of an object in the sky is the object’s angular distance a. above the horizon. b. from the north celestial pole. c. from the zenith. d. from the prime meridian. _____ 13. To determine a planet’s period of revolution, you must know its a. size. b. mass. c. orbit. d. All of the above _____ 14. During Earth’s formation, materials such as nickel and iron sank to the a. mantle. c. crust. b. core. d. All of the above _____ 15. Planetary orbits are shaped like a. orbits. b. spirals. c. ellipses. d. periods of revolution. Name_____________________________ Today’s Date_________ Astronomy Chapter Review _____16. The Sun appears larger than other stars because of its a. yellow color b. high temperature c. distance from Earth d. chemical composition _____17. In New York State, an observer will usually see the Sun rise in the a. north b. east c. south d. west _____18. The gravitational force between two objects depends on the distance between the objects and each object’s a. mass b. pressure c. volume d. temperature Short Answer 19. Evaluating Sources According to the big bang theory, how did the universe begin? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 20. Making Comparisons How did Newton’s law of gravity help explain why the objects in space stay in their place? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Name_____________________________ Today’s Date_________ Astronomy Chapter Review 21. Identifying Relationships Describe Kepler’s three laws of motion in your own words. Describe how each law relates to either the revolution, rotation, or orbit of a planetary body. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 22. List the names of the planets in the order the planets orbit the sun. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 23. What is the difference between a planet’s period of rotation and period of revolution? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 24. What causes the phases of the moon? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 25. Analyzing Ideas Is the far side of the moon always dark? Explain your answer. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Name_____________________________ Today’s Date_________ Astronomy Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank. nebula mantle crust solar nebula 26. A ______________________ is a large cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space. 27. The ______________________ lies between the core and the crust of the Earth. CRITICAL THINKING 28. Concept Mapping Use the following terms to create a concept map: universe, solar system, terrestrial planets, gas giants, moons, comets, asteroids, and meteoroids. Name_____________________________ Today’s Date_________ Astronomy Chapter Review INTERPRETING GRAPHICS The graph below shows density versus mass for Earth, Uranus, and Neptune. Mass is given in Earth masses—the mass of Earth is equal to 1 Earth mass. The relative volumes for the planets are shown by the size of each circle. Use the graph below to answer the questions that follow. 27. Which planet is denser, Uranus or Neptune? How can you tell? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 28. You can see that although Earth has the smallest mass, it has the highest density of the three planets. How can Earth be the densest of the three when Uranus and Neptune have so much more mass than Earth does? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Name_____________________________ Today’s Date_________ Astronomy Chapter Review 29. The diagram below shows Earth as viewed from space. What motion of Earth is represented by the arrow in the diagram? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Base your answers to question 30 on the information below and on your knowledge of science: The Moon orbits Earth in a regular and predictable motion. 30. Approximately how long does it take for one complete cycle of the Moon’s phases to occur?________________________________________________________________________ What is the major force that keeps the Moon in its orbit around Earth? _____________________ Identify one observable event, other than the phases, caused by the moon orbiting the earth. ______________________________________________________________________________