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Download Spanish 2 Spring Midterm Review Vocabulary: 3B and 4A Grammar
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Spanish 2 Spring Midterm Review Vocabulary: 3B and 4A Grammar: Present progressive, Tú commands, D.O.P, I.O.P., Imperfect A) Present progressive 1. Present progressive tells what is happening right now_. 2. Present progressive is made of 2 parts: Present tense of the verb __ESTAR_ + __PRESENT PARTICIPLE_ 3. Write the 6 forms of “estar” in the present tense: What are the 2 endings for the 2 nd verb? ___estoy___ estamos_____ -ar - - ando __ estás_____ estáis_______ -er/-ir - -iendo ___está____ están________ 4. Examples: Write the following in the present progressive in Spanish: She is waiting. ____Ella está esperando.________ We are offering. ___Nosotros estamos ofreciendo._______ 5. Some verbs have irregular participle forms. Group 1 – -ir stem-changing verbs (only have a single letter change e-i or o-u) *Note - -ar and –er stem-changing verbs do NOT change in the present progressive. Write the meaning of each verb. Then write the irregular participle. Infinitive English meaning irregular participle 1. decir to say/tell diciendo 6. vestir to dress vistiendo 2. pedir to ask for/order pidiendo 7. mentir to lie mintiendo 3. repetir to repeat repitiendo 8. venir to come viniendo 4. seguir to follow/continue siguiendo 9. dormir to sleep durmiendo 5. servir to serve sirviendo Group 2 – Verbs that end in –eer/-aer/-uir (change i-y) 10. leer leyendo 12. creer creyendo 11. traer trayendo 13. destruir destruyendo 6. When you use object pronouns (reflexive, direct, indirect) with the present progressive, you either put them ____before “estar”________ or ____attached to the end of the present participle. 7. In the second case, you will need to add an __accent mark___ over the vowel that is normally stressed in the present participle. (_2nd_ to last syllable BEFORE you added the pronoun) Práctica - Write the correct form of the present progressive for each one. 1. Ella ___________________________________ el autobús. (esperar) 2. El policía me ________________________________. (seguir) 3. Yo __________________________________ el coche en la plaza. (dejar) 4. Nosotros ________________________________ la calle. (cruzar) 5. ¿(Tú) _______________________________? (mentir) 6. Ellos _______________________________sus muñecos. (traer) 7. Vosotras ____________________________ con el tren eléctrico. (jugar) 8. Mi hermana me ____________________________. (molestar) 9. Los niños __________________________________. (dormir) 10. Yo _____________________________ el vocabulario. (repetir) 11. Mis hermanos _______________________________ (pelearse) 12. El padre ___________________________ un triciclo nuevo a su hijo. (darle) B) Direct object pronouns 1. What is a direct object?__tells who/what receives the action of the verb 2. Direct objects can refer to both ___objects____ & ____people_______. 2. To find a D.O. in the sentence, find the verb and ask the questions __Who___? or __What___? Ex: I eat pizza every day DOP=__la (it- takes place of pizza)___ 3. Direct object pronouns replace direct object __Nouns__. 4. List the direct object pronouns in Spanish: Singular Plural _me__ me _____nos__ us _te___ you (informal) ______os_ you all (informal) _lo____ him, it (masc.), you (formal) ______los_ them, you all (fem.) _la____ her, it (fem.), you (formal) ______las them, you all (masc.) 5. Describe where to place the D.O.P. in the following cases: a. in a sentence with one conjugated verb ____before the verb_______ b. in a sentence with 2 verbs ___before the 1st or attached to the end of the 2nd verb_________ c. with a positive tú command ____attached to the end of the command________ Práctica – Rewrite each sentence, replacing the direct object noun with a D.O.P. 1. Ella cruza el puente. _____________________________________________________ (She crosses the bridge.) (She crosses it.) 2. Ellos están llamando a nosotros. ____________________________________________ 3. Yo siempre visito a mis abuelos los sábados. ___________________________________ 4. ¿Tú coleccionas muñecas? _________________________________________________ 5. Mi hermano y yo no decimos la verdad. ______________________________________ C) Indirect Object pronouns 1. An indirect object tells to or for ___whom_____ an action is performed. 2. Indirect object __pronouns____ replace indirect object nouns. 3. What are the indirect object pronouns in Spanish? Singular Plural ___me____ (to/for) me ___nos___ (to/for) us ___te____ (to/for) you (informal) ____os_ (to/for) you all (informal) ___le____ (to/for) him, it, you (formal) ____les___ (to/for) them, you all (fem.) ___le__ (to/for) her, it, you (formal) ____les_ (to/for) them, you all (masc.) 4. Since the third person pronouns can have more than one possible meaning, you need to include a clarification phrase by adding a_ + name, noun, or pronoun. 4. Since the third person pronouns can have more than one possible meaning, you need to include a clarification phrase by adding __a____ + name, noun, or pronoun. 5. Placement of IOP in a sentence? Follows same rules as DOP & reflexive pronouns!! Práctica – Combine the following groups of words to create sentences using the present tense of each verb and replacing the nouns with indirect object pronouns. Add clarification if needed. Ex: Yo / dar / un oso de peluche / mi hermana Yo le doy un oso de peluche a mi hermana. 1. Rosa / comprar / un tren eléctrico / Mario __________________________________________________________ 2. Marta y Juan / dar / sus muñecos / nosotros __________________________________________________________ 3. El policía / poner / una multa / yo __________________________________________________________ 4. Yo / no / ofrecer / mi coche / el vecino __________________________________________________________ D) Informal (tú) commands 1. What are commands?_Verbs that tell someone to do something__________________ 2. To make a tú command, put the verb in __the he/she/it form of the present tense______________ 3. When using a pronoun, __attach___________ it to the command. *You will need to add an _accent mark_____ if the command has more than one syllable. 4. There are 8 irregular tú commands. List them below: Infinitive English meaning command 1. venir ___to come___ __ven____ 2. decir _to say, to tell__ ___di____ 3. salir _to leave, to go out __sal_____ 4. hacer _to do, to make _haz_____ 5. tener _to have______ __ten____ 6. ir __to go_______ __ve_____ 7. poner _to put, to place __pon____ 8. ser _to be________ __sé_____ 5. What is the phrase we talked about in class that can help you remember these irregular commands? __Ven DiSal Haz Ten VePonSé__________________________________ Práctica – Write the command form for each one. 1. _________ despacio. (ir) 2. _________ a la derecha en el semáforo. (doblar) 3. __________ en paz. (dejarme) 4. __________ cuidado. (tener) 5. Ana, ¡__________ bien! (portarte) 6. Leo, _________ bueno. (ser) 7. _____________ hasta el puente. (seguirme) 8. _____________ cómo se va al cine. (decirme) E) Imperfect 1. The imperfect is another way to talk about the __past_______________. 2. The imperfect is used to talk about actions that happened repeatedly in the past and can be compared to the phrase “__used _____ __to___” in English. 3. Some common expressions that are used with the imperfect include: _generalmente ___________ - generally _por lo general___________ - in general _a menudo_______________ - often _muchas veces___________ - many times _todos los días____________ - every day _de vez en cuando________ - once in a while __siempre________________ - always _nunca_________________ - never 4. List the verb endings for the regular imperfect: -ar manejar - _to drive______ _aba____ _ábamos_ _manejaba_________ _manejábamos_______ _abas___ _abais___ _manejabas________ _manejabais_________ _aba____ _aban___ _manejaba_________ _manejaban_________ -er/-ir _ía_____ _íamos__ _ías____ _íais____ _ía_____ _ían____ permitir - _to allow_______ _permitía__________ __permitíamos_______ _permitías_________ __permitíais_________ _permitía__________ __permitían_________ 5. There are ONLY 3 irregular verbs in the imperfect: ir, ser, and ver ir - _to go___ _iba________ _íbamos_____ _ibas_______ _ibais_______ _iba________ _iban_______ ser - _to be____ _era________ _éramos____ _eras_______ __erais______ _era________ _eran_______ ver - _to see_____ _veía_______ _veíamos____ _veías______ _veíais______ _veía_______ _veían_______ Práctica – Write the correct imperfect form of each verb. 1. De niño, yo __________________ en el patio de recreo. (jugar) 2. Ella siempre ____________________ muy despacio. (conducir) 3. Mi padres no ____________________ a la escuela. (manejar) 4. Nosotros nunca ________________ a los vecinos. (ver) 5. Todos los días (tú) ______________ por la plaza. (ir) 6. Vosotros _____________ amigos. (ser) Un poco de todo – (A little of everything) Translate the following to Spanish: 1. Be careful at the intersection! ___________________________________________________ 2. She used to call me every day. ___________________________________________________ 3. We are passing by the daycare center. _____________________________________________ 4. The teachers used to allow us to watch movies. ______________________________________ 5. Wait for me at the corner. _______________________________________________________ 6. Give your driver’s license to the policeman. _________________________________________ 7. My brothers always used to fight when they were children. _____________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. My sister is sleeping with her teddy bear. _____________________________________________