Download GENETICS UNIT TEST

Name:
Date:
Hour:
GENETICS UNIT TEST
1.
What molecule makes up the outside of a bacteriophage? What molecule is
on the inside? Protein, nucleic acid/DNA
2.
What type of organism do bacteriophages infect? bacteria
3.
Describe the Hershey-Chase experiment. Why did they use radioactive sulfur
and radioactive phosphorus? Phosphorus is found in DNA
4.
What is the function of DNA? Store information
5.
What happens when a portion of DNA is missing? Info is lost
6.
What are the three parts of a DNA nucleotide? List the names of the bases
too. Deoxyribonucleic acid, phosphate group, nitrogen base: adenine,
thymine, guanine, cytosine
7.
Who used X-ray diffraction? Franklin
8.
What did Watson and Crick notice about the strands of DNA? They run in
opposite directions
9.
What is each new strand of DNA composed of? One old and one new strand
10.
What are the rules for base pairing? A-T, G-C
11.
What sugar is in RNA? ribose
12.
What are the differences between DNA and RNA? RNA is single stranded,
has ribose sugar, and uracil
13.
What are the similarities between DNA and RNA? Phosphate groups,
cytosine, and guanine
14.
How can you tell when a strand of nucleic acid is RNA? It has uracil
15.
How many types of RNA are there? What are their names?3: mRNA, tRNA,
rRNA
16.
Which types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis? all three
17.
What is made during translation? What is made during transcription?
Proteins, mRNA
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18.
How many nucleotides are in 1 amino acid? 2 amino acids? 3 amino acids?
3, 6, 9
19.
What chance does a baby have of being a female? 50%
20.
What percent of sperm carry an X chromosome? Y chromosome? 50% 50%
21.
On what chromosome are sex linked genes found? X and Y
22.
What is the genotype for a male? XY
23.
On a pedigree, what does a square represent? Circle? Horizontal line?
Vertical line? Male, female, marriage, children
24.
What is nondisjunction? Failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis
25.
A baby has never been born without what type of chromosome? X
26.
What is the result of nondisjucntion happening? Some gametes get extra
copies of chromosomes and some have less
27.
Why did Griffith call the process he studied transformation? Because
harmless bacteria transformed to harmful bacteria
28.
What is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most
organisms? DNA-RNA-protein
29.
What are characteristics of polyploidy plants? Larger and stronger
30.
How many copies of chromosome 21 does a person with Down Syndrome
have? 3
31.
List and describe the 4 chromosomal mutations. Deletion – some of the
chromosome is deleted, inversion – some is reversed, duplication – some is
doubled, translocation – piece breaks off and attaches to another one
32.
What group of scientists did experiments with bacteriophages? Hershey and
Chase
33.
How did Hershey and Chase determine that it was DNA that infected a cell?
Radioactive phosphorus is in it
34.
What is mRNA made from? One complimentary strand of DNA
35.
Fill in the table according to where you would see clumping if doing a blood
typing test
Name:
Date:
Blood type
A
B
AB
O
Anti-A
clumping
clumping
No clumping
Hour:
Anti-B
clumping
clumping
No clumping
36.
Which blood type is considered the universal donor – meaning they can give
blood to anyone? AB+
37.
Which blood type is considered the universal recipient – meaning they can
receive any type of blood? O-
38.