Download Seedless Plants

BIO 101 Online Assignment #3: Seedless Plants and Seed plants
This assignment is due on ___________ at the beginning of class.
You may print out this sheet from the class web page and either type or
write your answers on this sheet or another sheet of paper. I would
encourage you to make a copy of this to help you study for the exam.
You will lose points for every class period this is late, so turn it in on
time!
Review class notes on Plant Diversity. Continue on to part III: read all of
the articles, run the virtual experiments and answer the following questions.
Part I: SEEDLESS PLANTS
Plants are multicellular photoautotrophs. In order for plants to
survive on land, plants have 1) a waxy surface layer that protects against
water loss, 2) openings in the surface layer that allow gas exchange, 3) a
strong carbohydrate in their cell walls that enables them to grow tall and 4)
multicellular sex organs that protect the embryo. Plants have very different
life cycles form us. Each human is diploid individual (we have 2 sets of
chromosomes); the only haploid stages (cells containing only one set of
chromosomes) in the human cycle are in the gamete cells - sperm and eggs.
Plants have an alternation of generations. Diploid individuals called
sporophytes and haploid individuals called gametophytes generate each other
in the life cycle.
The plant kingdom consists of 4 major groups—bryophytes (mosses),
seedless vascular plants (pterophytes-ferns), gymnosperms (conifers/pines),
and angiosperms (or flowering plants). All plants except the bryophytes
have a vascular system. A vascular system allows plants to achieve larger
sizes because water and nutrients can be transported over great distances
to all parts of the plant. The seedless plants include bryophytes (mosses)
and seedless vascular plants (ferns). Mosses have a dominant gametophyte
stage. In contrast, ferns, like most plants, have a dominant sporophyte
generation. Green algae called charophyceans are the closest relatives of
land plants.
1. List the four traits that are shared by both land plants and
charophyceans.
2. List the five traits that appear in almost all land plants, but are
absent in charophyceans.
3. Vascular plants have evolved several body structures that enable
them to survive. What is the function of the following tissues in
vascular plants?
a. Xylem
b. Phloem
c. Roots
d. Root hairs
e. Leaves
Part II: SEED PLANTS
The two groups of living seed plants are the gymnosperms
(coniferphytes), which bare naked seeds, and angiosperms (anthophytes),
which bare seeds contained in a fruit. About 90% of all plants are flowering
plants. Flowering plants, or angiosperms, are characterized by double
fertilization, contain a vascular system, and seeds enclosed in fruits. Plants
can be either herbaceous (non woody) or woody. Flowering plants may be
annuals, biennials, or perennials. Annuals are herbaceous plants that grow,
reproduce and die within a year or less. Biennials take 2 years to complete
their life cycles before dying. Perennials are herbaceous and woody plants
that can live for more than 2 years. All woody plants are perennials and some
can live more than a thousand years. Two types of perennials are deciduous
and evergreen trees.
Plant cells are organized into tissues that form a functional unit. In
vascular plants, tissues are organized into three tissue systems: ground
tissue system, vascular tissue system, and the dermal tissue system.
1. Plants that complete their life cycle in one year are called _____?
2. Plants that complete their life cycle in two years are called ____?
3. What are the names of the two classes of living seed plants?
4. List four advantages of seeds.
5. Monocots and dicots are the two classes of angiosperms. List the
six differences between the two classes.
6. Label the flower shown below with the following terms:
Carpel, sepal, ovule, stigma, petal, filament, stamen, style,
anther, ovary
Part III
Go to the following website, read the articles, run the virtual experiments
and answer the questions following.
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw3/virtual_labs/lab16/labs/lab16/ho
me.html
1. What was the hypothesis of the researchers in the original
research paper?
Visit the following website for an understanding of what the different
sections of a research paper (i.e. Abstract, introduction, materials and
methods, results and conclusion) are supposed to contain.
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/maderinquiry/writing.html
2. After reading the original research paper from
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/tlw3/virtual_labs/lab16/labs/lab
16/home.html briefly describe the main points of the abstract and
introduction.
3. After reading the conclusion, do the results support the
hypothesis or go against the hypothesis of the original research
paper? Briefly explain your reasoning.
4. What were the results and conclusions in the experiment you
performed in the virtual lab segment exploring the original
research paper?
5. After reading “Gain an overview of the experiment”, briefly
explain the differences in the two charts at the top of the page.
6. How is the related virtual experiment different from the first
experiment – what does this experiment study?