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ELECTROSTATICS (08) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 TOPIC Charging by Friction Charging by Induction Basic Properties of chargesa)Quantisation of charge b)Additivity of charges c)Charge is conserved Gold leaf Electroscope Instrument Conductors and Insulators Coulomb’s law Coulomb’s Law in Vector form Limitations of Coulomb’s Law Forces between multiple charges (superposition principle) Electric field Electric Field due to point charges Electric Field lines properties Electric field due to a system of charges(superposition) Physical significance of electric field Electric flux Electric dipole The field of an electric dipole-(axial) and equatorial Physical significance of dipoles Dipole in a uniform external field Torque acting on an electric dipole Continuous charge distribution Gauss’s law Applications of Gauss’ law a) Field due to an infinitely long straight uniformly Charged wire. b) Field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet c) Field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell Electrostatic potential Potential due to a point charge Potential due to an electric dipole Potential due to a system of charges Equipotential surfaces Relation between Electric field and potential Potential energy of a system of charges WHAT? Concept Concept Concept Instrument Concept Concept Concept +Derivation Concept Concept Concept Derivation Concept Concept Concept Concept Concept Derivation Concept Concept Derivation Formulae Concept Derivation Concept Derivation Derivation Concept +Equation Concept Derivation Derivation+ Concept STUDIED REVISED No. 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43. TOPIC Potential energy of a dipole in an external field Electrostatics of conductors( Including Electrostatic shielding) Dielectrics and polarisation Capacitors and capacitance The parallel plate capacitor Effect of dielectric on capacitance Combination of capacitors Capacitors in series Capacitors in parallel Energy stored in a capacitor Van de Graff generator WHAT? Derivation STUDIED REVISED STUDIED REVISED STUDIED REVISED Derivation Concept Concept Derivation Derivation Concept Derivation Derivation Derivation Derivation +Description GraphsFIGURE 2.4 Variation of potential V with r Electric field with r for a point charge Q. CURRENT ELECTRICITY (07) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 No. 13 TOPIC Electric current Current Directions, unsteady and steady currents Ohm’s law Resistance and Resistivity with units Conductivity, conductance with units Current density(j)-with units Relation between current density and Resistivity, conductivity, electric field Drift velocity Ohms Law in microscopic form Mobility Limitations of ohm’s law(ohmic / non-ohmic conductors) TOPIC Resistor colour codes WHAT? Concept ,definition Concept Concept, definition Concept, definition Definition Concept, definition Concept +Derivation Concept + definition Derivation Definition Concept WHAT? Concept 14 18 19 20 21 22 Temperature dependence of Resistivity Electrical energy, power Power lost in transmission through cables Combination of resistors – series and Parallel Cells, emf, internal resistance Cells in series and in parallel Kirchhoff’s rules Wheatstone bridge Meter bridge 23 Potentiometer 24 Applications of Potentiometer a) Comparison of Emf b) Measurement of internal resistance 25 26 Sensitivity of a potentiometer Graphs 15 16 17 Concept+ formula+ graphs Concept+ Derivation Concept + Derivation Concept + Derivation Concept Derivation Concept Derivation Instrument + Derivation Instrument + Concept + Principle Instrument + Concept + Principle Concept MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM AND MAGNETISM AND MATTER (08) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOPIC Evidence of relationship between Electric current and magnetic field (Oersted’s Experiment) Magnetic field Direction of magnetic field in relation to current direction Magnetic Field, Lorentz Force Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor with Directions Motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field Helical motion of charged particles Velocity selector(motion of charged particle in combined electric And magnetic field) No. 8 9 TOPIC Cyclotron. Biot - Savarts law WHAT? Concept ,Experiment STUDIED REVISED STUDIED REVISED Concept Concept, definition Concept, derivation Concept + derivation Concept, definition Concept +Derivation WHAT? Instrument + Derivation Definition 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Comparison between Coulombs law in electrostatics and Biot-Savarts Law Magnetic field on the axis of a circular current carrying loop Circular current loop as a magnetic dipole Ampere s circuital law Application of Ampere s circuital law Magnetic field due to a solenoid Application of Ampere s circuital law Magnetic field due to a toroid Application of Ampere s circuital law Magnetic field due to long straight wire inside and outside Force between two parallel current carrying conductors Torque on a current carrying rectangular loop Magnetic moment (m) Definition Moving coil galvanometer Conversion of Galvanometer into AMMETER Conversion of Galvanometer into ammeter Sensitivity Instrument +Derivation Instrument + Derivation Properties of magnets The magnetic field lines Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid The dipole in a uniform magnetic field Comparison between Electrostatics and Magnetism Magnetism and gauss’s law The earth’s magnetism Magnetic declination and dip Magnetisation and magnetic intensity Concept Concept Derivation Derivation Concept 34 Magnetic properties of materials a) Diamagnetism b) Para magnetism c) Ferromagnetism 35 36 37 Hysterisis curve Permanent magnets and electromagnets Graphs Derivation Concept Law Concept+ Derivation Concept+ Derivation Concept + Derivation Concept + Derivation Concept + Derivation Definition Instrument + Derivation Instrument + Concept Concept Concept Concept Concept + Definition + formulae Properties Concept Concept ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNTING CURRENT (08) No. 1 2 3 4 5 20 TOPIC Magnetic Flux, units of flux Faraday s experiments Faradays law of induction, with Lenz’s law Lenz’s law and conservation of energy Application of LENZ'S LAW With direction of induced current Motional emf, Direction of motional emf Motional emf in terms of Lorentz force Emf induced when the magnetic field is changing-using Lorentz Force Energy in motional emf Emf induced due to the rotation of a conducting rod in a magnetic field EDDY CURRENTS, Ways of Minimising EDDY currents, Applications of Eddy currents Inductance -self inductance Coefficient of self inductance L, Unit of Coefficient of Self Inductance L Self induced emf in a coil Coefficient of self inductance (L) of a Long Solenoid(coil) Self induced emf/back emf Mutual inductance Relation between mutual inductances of 2 coils (M12 = M21) AC generator-definition of AC 21 Ac voltage applied to a resistor 22 Peak voltage, Peak current, RMS voltage and current (irms, vrms ) and their relationships Phasors- Representation of ac current and voltage By rotating vectors. ac voltage applied to an inductor 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 23 24 25 26 27 Concept of Impedance Magnetisation and demagnetisation of an inductor. ac voltage applied to an Capacitor 28 No. 29 Charging and discharging of a capacitor TOPIC ac voltage applied to a series LCR circuit 30 Resonance, Sharpness of resonance WHAT? Concept + Definition Concept +Experiment Concept + Definition Concept Concept STUDIED REVISED STUDIED REVISED Concept Concept + Derivation Concept Concept Concept +Derivation Concept Concept +Definition Concept Concept + Derivation Concept + Derivation Concept Concept Derivation Derivation + Concept +Graph Derivation + Concept + Graph Concept + Derivation + Definition Concept Derivation + Concept + Phasor + Graph Concept Concept + Graph Derivation + Concept + Phasor + Graph Concept + Graph WHAT? Derivation + Concept +phasor + Graph Concept + Graph 31 32 33 34 Quality Factor Power in ac circuit: the power factor-with special cases Wattless current Graphs Derivation + Concept Derivation +Cases Concept ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES (03) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 TOPIC Displacement current Electromagnetic waves Sources of electromagnetic waves Properties of electromagnetic waves Equations For “E” and “B” Relation between E,B and c/v Radiation pressure. Electromagnetic spectrum-With applications Graphs WHAT? Concepts+ definitions + Equation Concept +definition Concept Concept Equations Concept + Equation Concept + Equation Theory STUDIED REVISED STUDIED REVISED STUDIED REVISED OPTICS (14) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 No. 7 8 9 11 TOPIC Laws of Reflection Sign convention (mirrors and lenses) Focal length of spherical mirrors Relation between f and R for a mirror 1 1 1 The mirror equation ( ) f v u Ray Diagrams for Mirrors TOPIC Magnification Refraction Laws of Refraction Refractive Index Absolute and Relative WHAT? Laws Concept Concept + Definition Derivation Derivation Concept WHAT? Concept + Derivation Concept Laws Concept +Derivation 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Lateral shift Practical Application of Refraction Real Depth Apparent Depth Total internal reflection-Prism in Particular Practical Application of Total internal reflection including Fiber Optic Cable Refraction at spherical surfaces (Both) Refraction by a lens (lens Makers Formula), Lens Equation and magnification Ray tracing for lenses Power of a lens Combination of thin lenses in contact Refraction through a prism Dispersion by a prism 24 25 26 The rainbow Scattering of light-Raleigh’s scattering(1/λ4) The eye a)Structure b)Accommodation of Eye c)Least Distance of distinct vision 27 28 Eye defects and Correction A simple magnifier 29 Compound Microscope 30 Telescope 31 30 Reflection Telescope (Cassegrain Telescope) Advantages of reflecting Telescope over refracting telescope Wave front Plane Wave front Huygen's principle Using the Huygens principle to predict the position of the Wave front after a time t Huygens's principle applied to refraction Relation Between speed, wavelength and frequency Laws of reflection using Huygens principle 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 No. 39 40 41 42 43 TOPIC The Doppler effect Interference Constructive Interference: Destructive Interference Coherence: Concept Theory Concept Concept + Derivation Theory Derivation Concept +Derivation Concept Concept Derivation Concept Derivation + Concept + Graph Concept + Theory Concept Concept + Theory Concept Concept + Ray Diagram +Derivation Derivation + Concept + Ray diagram Concept + Ray Diagram Concept +Derivation Concept Concept Concept Definition + Concept Concept Concept + Derivation Derivation Concept + Derivation WHAT? Concept + Equation Concept Concept Concept Concept STUDIED REVISED 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 Conditions for sustained Interference Why two Independent sources of light cannot produce Interference Bands?: Why Interference takes place? Derivation of the condition for Dark bands and bright bands in terms of phase difference and path difference Why Incoherent Light sources Do not Produce Interference Bands: Interference of light waves in Young’s double slit experiment and calculation of fringe width Fringe Width (or Band width) Concept Concept Concept Derivation Concept Derivation Definition with Equation Angular width of the interference bands Derivation What will happen if the source S is shifted UP Concept or DOWN? Diffraction Concept Single slit diffraction Derivation + Concept Angular width of the central Maxima of a Derivation Diffraction pattern Difference between Interference pattern and Concept diffraction pattern Conservation of Energy and Concept interference/diffraction: Resolving power of optical instruments Concept + Equation Resolving power of a Microscope: Concept + Equation Resolution of Telescope Concept + Equation The Fresnel distance(Distiction between wave Concept + Equation and ray Optics) Polarisation Concept Demonstration of light is a transverse wave Concept Malus law Concept + Equation Polarisation by scattering Concept Polarisation by reflection-Brewster’s Law Concept + Derivation Applications of Polarisation Theory DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER (04) No. 1 TOPIC ELECTRON EMISSION WHAT? Concept + Definition STUDIED REVISED 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 a)Work function b)Thermionic emission c)Field emission d)Photo-electric emission Photoelectric effect Concept + Derivation Experimental study of photoelectric Effect Effect of intensity of light on photocurrent Effect of potential on photoelectric current Effect of frequency of incident radiation on stopping potential Variation of stopping potential with frequency of incident radiation Photoelectric effect and wave theory Of light Einstein’s photoelectric equation: energy Quantum of radiation Stopping Potential Vs frequencyDetermination of Planck’s Constant Particle nature of light: the photon and it’s properties-failure of wave theory to Explain Photo Electric Effect Wave nature of matter The de Broglie wavelength de Broglie Wavelength of an Electron accelerated by a Potential V The Davisson Germer Experiment The Heisenberg’s uncertainty Principle GRAPHS Concept + Experiment + Circuit Concept + Graph Concept + Graph Concept + Graph Concept + Graph Concept Concept Concept + Graph Concept Concept Concept +Derivation Concept + Derivation Theory + Diagram + Experiment Concept + Equation ATOMS AND NUCLEI (06) No. 1 TOPIC Rutherford’s Alpha-particle scattering- WHAT? Concept + STUDIED REVISED Impact parameter, trajectory Rutherford’s nuclear model of atom Electron orbitsa)Relation between Columbic Force and centripetal Force b)Energy of the H-Atom, c)Failure of Rutherford Atom model Experiment Concept + Derivation 3 Bohr model of the hydrogen atom a) Bohr’s three postulates b) Derivation of vn, rn, En c) Energy levels Concept + Derivation 4 The line spectra of the hydrogen atom Spectral series-Lyman, Balmer, Paschen, Pfund, Brackett de broglie’s explanation of Bohr’s Second postulate of quantisation Atomic masses-(AMU) Composition of nucleus-Isotopes and Isotones Discovery of Neutron Size of the nucleus (Nuclear Radius) Concept + Theory 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Mass – Energy Relation Nuclear binding energy- mass defect The Binding Energy Curve Nuclear force Radioactivity Law of radioactive decay Half Life Decay rate R With units Becquerel and Curie Alpha decay Beta decay Gamma decay Concept + Equations Definition Concept Concept + Theory Concept + Equation Concept Derivation + Concept Concept + Curve Concept + Graph Concept Concept + Derivation Concept + graph Concept + Derivation Concept Concept Concept NUCLEAR ENERGY Concept Fission, Nuclear fusion – energy generation in +Nuclear reaction stars Equations Controlled thermonuclear fusion Knowledge Graphs SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS (07) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 TOPIC Classification of metals, conductors and Semiconductors-On the basis of conductivity Kinds of Semiconductors(elemental, Compound semiconductors) with examples Classification of metals, conductors and Semiconductors -On the basis of energy bands Intrinsic semiconductors with Energy band for t=0 and T>0 Extrinsic semiconductor-with energy bands (a) n-type semiconductor (b) p-type semiconductor p-n JUNCTION a)p-n junction formation b)Potential Barrier WHAT? Concept Semiconductor diode (p-n Junction Diode)Diode characteristics a) p-n junction diode under forward bias b) p-n junction diode under reverse bias Application of junction diode as a rectifier a) 1/2 Wave rectifier b) Full Wave rectifier c) Use of R-C Filter Concept + Theory Special purpose p-n junction diodes a) Zener diode b) Zener diode as a voltage regulator c) Photodiodes (Optoelectronic junction devices) d) Light emitting diodes (LED) (Optoelectronic junction devices) e) Photovoltaic devices (solar cells). (Optoelectronic junction devices) Junction transistor Transistor: structure and action a) n-p-n transistor b) p-n-p transistor c) Emitter, Base, Collector d) Biasing the Transistor (With directions of IC,IB,IE) Theory + Concept +Circuit + Graphs Concept Concept, definition Concept + Theory Concept + Theory Concept + Theory Circuit Diagram + Concept + Theory Theory + Concept Concept STUDIED REVISED No. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 TOPIC Common emitter transistor characteristics (i)Input resistance (ri): (ii) Output resistance (r0) (iii) Current amplification factor (β ): Transistor as a device (i) Transistor as a switch (ii) Transistor as an amplifier (iii) Transfer Characteristics Feedback amplifier and transistor oscillator Digital electronics and logic gates Analogue signal, Digital signal Logic gates-NOT gate, OR Gate, AND Gate, NAND Gate Graphs Circuit Diagrams WHAT? Circuit Diagram + Concept + Theory +graph STUDIED REVISED STUDIED REVISED Concept+ Derivation +graph Concept+ Circuit +theory + graph Concept COMMUNICATION (05) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 TOPIC Basic terminology used in electronic Communication systems Elements of a communication system (with block diagram) Bandwidth of signals Bandwidth of the transmission medium Ground Wave Sky waves Space waves (line of sight distance equation) Modulation and its necessity Types Of Modulation Principle of Amplitude Modulation Production of Amplitude Modulated Wave Detection Of Amplitude Modulated Wave Graphs Block diagrams WHAT? Concepts, definitions Concept Concept, definition Concept Concept + Theory Concept + Theory Concept + Theory Theory concept Concept + Derivation Derivation Concept + Derivation