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Download The Atlantic World 1. Spanish Conquest in Americas
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The Atlantic World 1. Spanish Conquest in Americas - 1492 – Columbus - Landed in island in ______________ - Called inhabitants los indios, “___________” - What did Columbus and Spain establish, also known as lands controlled by another nation? 2. Portuguese Explorers - Amerigo Vespucci – an ___________ in service of Portugal - As he traveled up the eastern coast of South America, he discovered the new land was not _______ - Named new continent in honor of Vespucci - Vasco Nunez de Balboa - What was he the first European to accomplish? - Ferdinand Magellan - Sailed around southern tip of S. America to the ____________ - His men where the first explorers to do what? 3. Spain Builds an Empire - Hernando Cortes - Cortes and his men were known as _____________, meaning conquerors - His men carved out colonies in ________, S. America and the ______ - Driven by Gold, Glory and God - As he landed in Mexico, he learned about ______________________________________ - Montezuma II agreed to share his empire’s gold because he believed Cortes to be an __________________________ - Cortes forced Aztecs to mine for _____ and _______ 4. Downfall of the Aztecs and the Incas - Superior Weapons - What did the Europeans have that were more effective than the Aztec arrows? - Help of Native Groups - How did Cortes convince the natives to fight alongside him? - Disease - Measles, mumps, smallpox - No natural ___________ 5. Spanish Conquest Continues - Francisco Pizarro - Conquered Incas and captured the Inca ruler - How did the Inca ruler try to get out of captivity? - Mestizo – mixed ___________ and Native American Why were marriages between Spanish and natives more common? 6. Encomienda System - Used to exploit lands resources - Natives __________, ranched or ________ for Spanish landlords - Landlords promised Spanish rulers they would act fairly and respect workers but abused many workers 7. Spain Expands North - Spain needed a powerful Navy to protect treasure filled ships - Ponce de Leon - Claimed __________ for Spain - Francisco Coronado - Led expedition through _______, Arizona, New Mexico, _________ and ___________ -Found little gold in desert lands Spain sent priests to explore and colonize U.S. - What was the difference of what conquistadors search for and the priests? 8. Opposition to the Spanish - Priest spread _______________ - Pushed for better treatment of Native Americans - Criticized Encomienda system - Government abolished Encomienda for use of __________ __________ 9.Slavery in Africa - African POW’s and criminals transported to Muslim lands of SW Asia - Worked as _____________ _____________ - In African and Muslim societies, slaves had legal _______ and social _________ __________ – position of influence and power, ex. generals __________ – not hereditary, could escape slavery by marrying family they served 10. Slavery Different in America - Auctioned to highest __________ - Worked in mines, fields or as domestic servants - Little food, small huts and worked long days with __________ and whippings - Life long and hereditary 11. Atlantic Slave Trade - What was the Atlantic Slave Trade? Why did the Americans prefer Africans over natives? 12. Consequences of the Atlantic Slave Trade - Africa - Cultures lose ___________ members - Families torn apart - __________ spread war as Chiefs traded slaves for guns - Americas - __________ wouldn’t survived without back-breaking labor - Expertise to agriculture - Culture 13. Triangular Trade - One Route - Europeans transported manufactured goods - Traders exchanged goods for captured Africans - Africans transported across Atlantic and sold in West Indies - Merchants bought sugar, coffee, and tobacco in West Indies - Sailed back to Europe to sell - Another Route - Merchants carried rum/other goods From New England colonies to Africa - Exchanged merchandise for Africans - Traders exported Africans to West Indies and sold for sugar and molasses - Sold goods to rum producers in New England - Middle Passage - Voyage that brought Africans to West Indies and N./S. America - Middle leg of transatlantic trade triangle
