Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Cardiac contractility modulation wikipedia , lookup
Electrocardiography wikipedia , lookup
Cardiothoracic surgery wikipedia , lookup
Jatene procedure wikipedia , lookup
Management of acute coronary syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Quantium Medical Cardiac Output wikipedia , lookup
Coronary artery disease wikipedia , lookup
Cardiac surgery wikipedia , lookup
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia wikipedia , lookup
Ventricular fibrillation wikipedia , lookup
Unit 11 Don’t Let Go! WARM-UP Share your opinions and experiences of the following subjects with your friends. 1. What is CPR? 2. What does CPR stand for? 3. Why did CPR change from A-B-C to C-A-B? SECTION I: READING HEALTH RELATED ISSUES 1.READING Carrying out cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an emergency situation can make a big difference to life-saving. The American Heart Association (AHA) renewed its 2010 CPR Guidelines. They announced worldwide that everyone should be aware that some steps of CPR have been changed. Nowadays, many medical researches pointed out that everyone should focus more on high-quality chest compressions to raise life-saving rate of CPR. In the past, we used to follow the ABC's steps - airway, breathing and chest compressions. Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a common medical condition caused by sudden stopping of the heart at any time. The key to saving a cardiac arrest victim is to restore the correct action of chest compression in time, not to spend time to make the systemic assessment. Performing CPR in an emergency situation can make life-saving different. Following the standardized CPR steps can help someone by doing hands-only CPR before the ambulance arrives. In 2010, the medical expert of AHA claimed that 30 chest compressions should be accomplished in approximately 18 seconds each circle. Later, people can focus on opening the airway, and then do mouth to mouth for oxygen supply 2 times during the CPR process. The cardiac arrest patients concern more about getting blood flow again and reducing the brain damage instead of taking a breath. However, the A-B-C protocol still works for infant and newborn babies resuscitations. We should keep pushing until we are sure that the AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is in place and ready to analyze the heart condition. In fact, AED is most commonly used in the case of sudden cardiac arrest. It is a portable electronic device that automatically diagnoses the potentially life threatening or treats cardiac arrhythmia (e.g. ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation). It makes the heart beating properly. Fast and correct procedures of AED are carried out to restore normal heart rhythm and also bring oxygen to the brain. The new order of AB-CABS asks emergency responders to quickly check if the patient’s Airway is open and if the patient is Breathing normally. If not, the responder moves straight into delivering chest Compressions, opening up the Airway and then checking the Breathing for the patient (30:2). If he or she is breathing normally, then the responder can move further in the cycle of care, i.e. the S to check for Serious Bleeding, Shock and Spinal Injury. 2.READING COMPREHENSION Please select the best answer for each question. 1. Which of the followings is the most common cause of performing CPR? (A) Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) (B) Severe flu (C) Shortness of breath (SOB) (D) Swallow disorder 2. Who needs to use the A-B-C protocol? (A) Elders. (B) Teenagers. (C) Adults. (D) Infants and newborn babies WORD BANK 3.VOCABULARY 1.guideline KK [ˋgaɪd͵ laɪn] DJ [ˋgaidlain] n./ 2.compression )指導方針 KK [kəmˋprɛʃən] DJ [kəmˋpreʃən] n./ 壓縮, 壓擠 3.announce KK [əˋnaʊns] DJ [əˋnauns] Vt./ 4.ambulance KK [ˋæmbjələns] DJ [ˋæmbjuləns] n./ 5.accomplish KK [əˋkɑmplɪʃ] DJ [əˋkɔmpliʃ] Vt./ 6.approximately 7.infant 完成, 實現, 達到 Ad./ 大概; 近乎 嬰兒 a./ 新出生的 KK [ˋnju͵ bɔrn] DJ [ˋnju:͵ bɔ:n] 9.emergency 救護車 KK [əˋprɑksəmɪtlɪ] DJ [əˋprɔksimitli] KK [ˋɪnfənt] DJ [ˋinfənt] n./ 8.newborn 宣佈, 發佈 KK [ɪˋmɝdʒənsɪ] DJ [iˋmə:dʒənsi] n./ 緊急情況; 突然事件; 非常時 刻 10. responder [riˈspɔndə] n./ 響應者 4.ESP WORDS 1.cardiopulmonary KK [͵ kɑrdɪoˋpʌlmənərɪ] DJ [͵ kɑ:diəuˋpʌlmənəri] a./ 與心肺有關的 2.resuscitation KK [rɪ͵ sʌsəˋteʃən] DJ [ri͵ sʌsiˋteiʃən] n./ 復活; 復甦 cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) 心肺復甦 3.survival KK [sɚˋvaɪv!] DJ [səˋvaivəl] n./ 4.protocol KK [ˋprotə͵ kɑl] DJ [ˋprəutəkɔl] n./ 5.cardiac KK [ˋkɑrdɪ͵ æk] DJ [ˋkɑ:diæk] 6.arrest KK [əˋrɛst] DJ [əˋrest] Vt./ 倖存; 殘存 議定書; 協議; 草案 a./n./ 心臟的; 心臟病的 逮捕; 拘留 n./ 阻止, 遏止 心肺的; Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) 突發性心臟停止 7.automated 8.external KK [ˋɔtometɪd] DJ [ˋɔ:təumeitid] a./ KK [ɪkˋstɝnəl] DJ [eksˋtə:nl] a./ 9.defibrillator [ 機械化的, 自動化的 外面的, 外部的 ] n./ 去纖維顫動器,(心臟用). Automated External Defibrillator (AED) 自動體外電擊器 10. cardiac arrhythmia KK [əˋrɪθmɪə] DJ [əˋriθmiə] n./ 心律失常, 心律不 整 11. ventricular 12.tachycardia KK [vɛnˋtrɪkjəlɚ] DJ [venˋtrikjulə] a./ 心室的; 腦室的 KK [͵ tækɪˋkɑrdɪə] DJ [͵ tækiˋkɑ:diə] n./ 心跳過速 ventricular tachycardia 心室心搏過速 13.ventricular fibrillation KK [͵ fɪbrəˋleʃən] DJ [͵ fibriˋleiʃən] n./ 維性顫動 5.PHRASES be aware of 意識到,注意到,知道,明白 Be aware of your surroundings. 6.THE GRAMMAR ATM Adding a suffix (ing) to a verb to form a verb noun 心室纖 Ex. Carrying out CPR in an emergency situation can make a big difference to life-saving. If the word ends with an ‘e’, you omit‘e’and add “ing” to form a verb noun. Ex. Dancing is good for our health. 7.READING APPLICATION In groups, discuss the following questions. 1. Why did CPR change from A-B-C to C-A-B? 2. Please compare the differences between A-B-C and C-A-B. 8.SENTENCE COMPLETION A word or phrase is missing in each of the question. Please select a best answer to complete the sentence. 1. For the medical reason, the heart needs to beat_________. The faster the rescuers can restore the pumping, the better it is for the victim. (A) increasingly (B) continuously (C) decreasingly (D) stably 2. EMS rescuers may perform CPR for about 2 minutes ______ using the AED to treat out-of-hospital VF or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) when the call-to-arrival time is greater than 4 to 5 minutes. (A) after (B) before (C) stop (D) keep 9.TEXT COMPLETION A word or phrase is missing in each text or sentence listed below. Please select the best answer to complete the text or sentence. 1. Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) kills _______ 250,000 people outside of the hospital each year. (A) totally (B) minimizely (C) approximately (D) statistically 2. When the heart stops, the ________oxygenated blood can cause brain damage in only a few minutes. A person may die within eight to 10 minutes. (A)instead of (B) lack of (C) cause of (D)supply of 10. WRITING PRACTICE Please restructure following sentences to form a correct expression. 1. emergencies CPR a technique is life-saving used in many , heart attack and drowning such as. (CPR is a life-saving technique used in many emergencies, such as heart attack and drowning.) 2. stopped is anyone CPR hear useful to whose has beating. (CPR is useful to anyone whose heart has stopped beating.) SECTION II: COMMUNICATING HEALTH ISSUES 11. DIALOGUE Scenario Susan Boyler, a 53-year-old woman, has suffered from cardiac arrhythmia in her car. The witness told to the police she stopped suddenly on Bake Road and at least missed three times of green light. One male driver overtook her car and thought something was wrong with her, and then he called 110 for her. The policeman found her lying on the seat with no vital signs. The ambulance and Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) came and took over the resuscitation after three minutes. AED made her heart rate go back to 60 times per minutes and she was sent to the Emergency Room at Royal Women Hospital. Dialogue Nurse: Hi, I am your duty nurse, Jennifer Lin. Now Dr. Taylor is discussing your medical status with Dr. Collin, and then will transfer you to C.C.U. (Cardiovascular Care Unit) for further intensive care. Susan nodded her head to express her agreement. Susan’s husband, John Boyler had been informed by the policeman, and he went to the hospital to visit his wife. John: Hi, I am John Boyler. Can I visit my wife right now? Nurse: I am very sorry. You just missed the visiting time. You might see her at eight o’clock tomorrow morning .Doctor Collin said she was likely to have acute myocardial infarction, so his order is absolute bed rest to reduce the overload of heart. John: Is she going to get worse? Nurse: She needs to take good rest in bed from three to five days, we will look after all of her needs. Doctor Collin also has arranged an electrocardiography and some labwork to check her heart conditions. John: I see. Thank you so much. She mentioned the chest pain during jogging last weekend, I just ignored her words. Nurse: What were her feelings like? John: She said it was like dull pain on the chest and she felt relieved after she rested for a while. (cough) Nurse: Does she have any relatives with cardiac arrhythmia, acute myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease? John: Yes, her mother and brother all died of coronary artery disease. Nurse: Has she or any of her family members ever suffered from stroke? John: Yes, her father has suffered from severe stroke and hypertension for 20 years. Susan always visits her father at the nursing home every Wednesday afternoon.(cough) Nurse: I can see that you have caught a mild cold. I think you should see a doctor to control your symptoms before visiting her. Please take good care of yourself as well. John: I will. See you tomorrow. Nurse: Good-bye. 12. CONVERSATION COMPREHENSION 1. Why was Mrs. Boyler sent to hospital by ambulance this morning? (A) Broke her leg (B) None of the vital signs (C) Redness and blisters on the forearm (D) Dull pain on the chest 2. What wasthe diagnosis of Mrs. Boyler by Dr.Collin? (A) coronary artery disease (B) cardiac arrhythmia (C) acute myocardial infarction (D) gastric ulcer WORD BANK 13.VOCABULARY 1.labwork [læb wə:k] n./實驗室,檢驗室 2.stroke KK [strok] DJ [strəuk] n./ 打, 擊, 敲, 中風 3.hypertension KK [͵ haɪpɚˋtɛnʃən] DJ [͵ haipəˋtenʃən] n./ 高血壓,過度緊張 14.ESP WORDS 1.Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) 緊急救護員 2.Cardiovascular Care Unit (C.C.U.) 心臟加護單位 3.acute myocardial infarction (AMI) 急性心肌梗塞 4.coronary artery disease (CAD) 冠狀動脈疾病 15.PHRASES take over 接管 The doctor wanted his colleague to take over his patient s when he’s on vacation in UK. 16.THE GRAMMAR ATM Present perfect tense (has or have + p.p.) can be used to tell others the experience you have had before. Ex. I have suffered from heart attack. 17. Useful Expressions 1. What were her feelings like? = How did she feel? 18. Role Plays Tina Wang, a 28-year-old woman, has suffered from severe cardiac arrhythmia in her office after a seminar meeting. Her colleagues found her on the ground with weak and short breath, so they called 110 immediately. The ambulance and Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) came and took over the resuscitation. AED made her heart rate go back to 90 times per minute and she was sent to Emergency Room at Royal Women Hospital. 19. GRAPHIC COMPREHENSION 1.CPR involves _________ at least 5 cm deep and at a rate of at least 100 per minute in an effort to create artificial circulation by manually pumping blood through the heart. (A) chest compressions (B) artificial respiration (C) serious bleeding (D) shock and spinal injury 2. ________ is a bag connected to a mask and is used to breathe for a patient when the patient is not breathing on his own. (A) Nasal cannula (B) Non-rebreather mask (C) Ambu-bag (D) Vertebrate trachea 20. LISTENING COMPREHENSION Dialogue (Script) Tim: Is something wrong with you? Are you all right? Eva: I don’t feel well. I heard the bad news about Lily Smith this afternoon. Tim: What’s wrong with her? Eva: Lily suffered from sudden cardiac arrest at home yesterday. Her son, Jeff found her lying in the garden unconsciously. Tim: Jeff is an excellent fireman. I think he can save Lily’s life. Eva: You are right. Fortunately, Jeff and his wife all are good at CPR steps. Lily still needs to stay at C.C.U. for two days. Tim: In America, about 92% of sudden cardiac arrest victims die before reaching hospital. I think we should learn CPR to prevent the tragedy. Eva: I do agree with you. How long does a CPR course cost? Tim: Most CPR classes take fewer than 8 hours to learn the most important medical courses we need to know. Eva: As you said, I don’t like people to do CPR if they can’t demonstrate competence. Tim: In fact, it’s easy to find CPR classes in the hospital and they can arrange classes at the most convenient times for us. Eva: Next weekend could be the best time for us to attend the CPR courses in St. Vincent Hospital. Questions: Are following statements true? 1. Tim and Eva are both interested in CPR courses. (A) True (B) False 2. More than 90% of sudden cardiac arrest victims die before reaching hospital in the UK. (A) True (B) False 3. Most CPR classes take fewer than 8 hours to learn in a clinical setting. (A) True (B) False 21.Question-Response Match following questions and responses. 1. How much does a CPR course cost? A. It is available to any person at medical centers and teaching hospitals. 2. What’s wrong with you? B. 50 dollars for each person. 3. Where can we obtain a CPR certificate? C. I cannot find my wallet.