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Transcript
Chapter [KB1] The Ocean Floor 2 Multiple Choice 1. Which one of the following is NOT part of the continental margin? a. continental shelf b. continental slope c. continental rise d. continental trench 2. It is thought that submarine canyons on the continental slope have been generated by __________. a. streams when sea level was much lower than it is today b. streams when sea level was much higher than it is today c. a submarine glaciation d. turbidity currents 3. Which of the following is NOT true of deep ocean trenches? a. They are long and narrow depressions. b. They are sites where plates plunge back into the mantle. c. They are geologically very stable. d. They may act as sediment traps. 4. The study of ocean floor contours is called __________. a. biology b. topography c. psychology d. bathymetry 5. Seamounts ____________. a. are a special type of oceanic trench b. are volcanoes that form on the ocean floor, where the top has been worn away c. form only in the Pacific Ocean basin d. are submarine canyons found near Australia 6. Which of the following is NOT one of the large ocean basins? a. Pacific b. Atlantic c. Mediterranean d. Arctic 7. Which of the following is associated with ocean ridges? a. rift zones b. mountainous topography c. volcanic structures d. all of these 8. The gently sloping submerged surface extending from the shoreline toward the deep ocean is termed the ____________. a. continental shelf b. continental slope c. continental rise d. submarine canyon 9. The crests of mid-oceanic ridges __________. a. are heavily mantled with sediment b. lie at depths exceeding 6 kilometers c. contain active rift zones d. are geologically old features 10. ____________ develop where oceanic lithosphere bends downward and sinks into the mantle. a. Submarine canyons b. Abyssal seamounts c. Deep ocean trenches d. Rift valleys on mid-ocean ridges 11. An echo sounder operates by measuring the time required for a ____________. a. light beam to travel from a satellite at a known altitude to the sea bottom and back b. radar beam to travel from a harbor patrol boat to a fuzz-buster on a speeding yacht c. radar beam to travel from a ship to the seafloor and back d. sound pulse travels from a ship to the seafloor and back 12. The oceans cover approximately __________ percent of Earth's surface. a. 40 b. 50 c. 60 d. 70 13. The _______ Ocean is largest. a. Atlantic b. Pacific 14. 15. c. Indian Which ocean has the greatest average depth? a. Atlantic b. Pacific c. Indian d. Arctic d. Arctic Concerning the distribution of land and water, which of the following statements is true? a. The percentage of land and water is about the same in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. b. The Southern Hemisphere has much more water surface than the Northern Hemisphere. c. The Northern Hemisphere has much more water surface than the Southern Hemisphere. d. None of the above is true. 16. The continental rise is located ____________. a. at the top of a mid-ocean ridge b. at the top of the continental slope c. between an abyssal plain and continental slope d. at the seaward edge of a deep ocean trench 17. Which one of the following concerning mid-ocean ridges is false? a. They are sites for submarine eruptions of basaltic lava. b. They are where young lithosphere is added to the edges of spreading, oceanic plates. c. They have thick coatings of old sediment. d. Sediments include thick siliceous ooze deposits. 18. The __________ Ocean has more extensive abyssal plains than the Pacific Ocean because it has fewer trenches to trap sediments moving down the continental slope. a. Indian b. Atlantic c. Arctic d. none of these Word Analysis: Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern. 19. a. sodium chloride b. magnesium chloride c. sodium sulfate d. carbon dioxide 20. a. echo sounder b. Doppler radar c. side scan sonar d. radar altimeters d. continental volcanic arc 21. a. continental shelf b. continental rise c. continental slope 22. a. rift valley b. subduction c. volcanic island arc d. trench True – False ______23. The west coast of South America and the east coast of North America have very different continental margins. ______ 24. Abyssal plains with sediments covering the seafloor igneous rocks are more extensive in the central Pacific basin than in the North Atlantic. ______25. Submerged, flat-topped seamounts are known as guyots. ______26. Oceanic crust is made of granite and continental crust is made of Baslt. ______27. Submarine canyons form the deepest parts of the ocean basins. ______28. Compared to the Southern Hemisphere, a higher percentage of the Northern Hemisphere is water covered. ______29. The continental rise lies at the bottom of the continental slope. ______30. Seafloor hot springs occur mainly in oceanic, abyssal plains. Visualization Questions 31. Label the different features of the passive continental margin on the diagram below. 32. What type of continental margin is illustrated in the diagram below? Explain what is occurring in this diagram.