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Period: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Date: ______________
17-1 Section Review
Structure of the Atom
Choose the term from the word list that best completes each statement. Write the term in the blank at the left
of each statement.
nucleus
electron cloud
six
neutron
two
proton
nucleus
1.
The central core of an atom is called the ___________.
six
2.
So far scientists have confirmed the existence of ______ different quarks.
neutrons
3.
______________ are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom
that do not have an electrical charge.
protons
4.
______________ are positively charged particles found in the
nucleus of an atom.
electron cloud
5.
The area around the nucleus of an atom where its electrons are
most likely found is called a(n) _________.
Choose the answer that best completes each of the following sentences. Write the letter for that answer on
the line to the left of each question.
________
6.
Particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons are _______.
a.
electrons
c.
atoms
b.
isotopes
d.
quarks
________
7.
A chemical symbol represents the __________ of an element.
a.
name
c.
reaction
b.
structure
d.
type
________
8.
A particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n) _______________.
a.
proton
c.
neutron
b.
ion
d.
electron
________
9.
A capital letter or a combination of capital letter and a small letter that is
used to represent an element is called a(n) ____________________.
a.
element
c.
chemical symbol
b.
quark
d.
atom
________
10.
Particles with a negative charge are _______________.
a.
protons
c.
atoms
b.
electrons
d.
neutrons
________
11.
Almost all of the mass of an atom is found _______________.
a.
outside the nucleus
c.
in the electron cloud
b.
in the energy levels
d.
in the nucleus
Use complete sentences to answer the following questions.
12. Identify the names, charges and locations of the three particles that make up an atom.
Name
proton
neutron
electron
Charge
positive
no charge (neutral)
negative
Location
nucleus
nucleus
electron cloud
13. What do scientists use to represent things that are difficult to visualize? Why are
they useful?
Models – they can give a picture which can help them solve a problem.
17-2 Section Review
Masses of Atoms
Choose the term from the word list that best completes each statement. Write the term in the blank at
the left of each statement.
atomic number
mass number
isotopes
atomic mass unit
average atomic mass
gram
mass number
1. The sum of the number of protons and number of neutrons in an
atom is referred to as the ___________.
isotopes
2. Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of
neutrons are called ___________.
atomic mass unit
3. _________________ is the unit of measure used for the mass
of atomic particles.
atomic number
4. The ___________ describes the number of protons in an atom.
average atomic mass
5. The __________ is the weighted-average mass of an element’s
Choose the answer that best completes each of the following sentences. Write the letter for that answer
on the line to the left of each question.
________6. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called ___.
a.
metalloids
c.
transition elements
b.
radioactive
d.
isotopes
________7. A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number
is __________.
a.
26
c.
52
b.
30
d.
56
________8. The number of _______________ is used to identify the element.
a.
electrons
c.
neutrons
b.
atoms
d.
protons
________9. The average of the masses of all the atoms in a sample of an element is called the
a.
atomic mass
c.
isotope
b.
atomic number
d.
mass number
________10. The atomic number of magnesium is 12. Its nucleus must contain ______.
a.
6 protons and 6 neutrons
c.
6 neutrons and 6 electrons
b.
12 protons and no electrons
d.
6 protons and 6 electrons
________11. Neutral atoms of the same element may differ in their number of ______.
a.
electrons
c.
protons
b. nuclei
d.
neutrons
________12. An element has an atomic number of 4 and a mass number of 9. The number of
neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of this element is __________.
a.
2
c.
4
b.
3
d.
5
________13. If an isotope of sulfur has 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 16 electrons, its mass
number is ___________.
a.
16amu
c.
33 amu
b.
17 amu
d.
49 amu
________14. An atom of carbon whose mass number is 14 differs from an atom of carbon
whose mass number is 12 in that it has _____________.
a.
2 more protons
c. 2 more neutrons
b.
2 more electrons
d. 1 more proton and 1 more neutron
Use complete sentences to answer the following questions.
15. In what ways are protons and neutrons alike? How are they different?
Protons and neutrons are alike because they are both located in the nucleus and have the same
mass. They are different because protons have a positive charge and neutrons have no charge.
16. Nitrogen-14 and Nitrogen-15 are isotopes of the element nitrogen. Describe how atoms of
these isotopes differ from each other.
These two atoms differ by the number of neutrons. Nitrogen-15 has one more neutron that
Nitrogen-14.
17. What is the mass of proton, a neutron, and an electron?
The mass of a proton and a neutron is 1 amu, the mass of an electron is much, much smaller than
that.
17-3 Section Review
The Periodic Table
Choose the term from the word list that best completes each statement. Write the term in the blank at
the left of each statement.
periodic table
period
group
electron dot diagram
metals
metalloid
transition elements
electron cloud
energy levels
periods
1. The horizontal rows of elements are called _________.
groups
2. Vertical columns of elements are called ___________.
transition metals
3. Elements in the middle of the periodic table, groups 4 through7,
are called the _____________.
metals
4. Elements that are found on the left side of the periodic table
are ___________________.
metalloids
5. Elements that have some properties of both metals and
nonmetals are ________________.
periodic table
6. A chart that shows the classification of the elements is called
the __________________.
electron dot diagram
7. A(n) ______________ uses chemical symbols and dots to
represent the electrons in the outer energy level of the element.
energy levels
8. Scientists model the energy differences of electrons by
placing them in ______________________
Choose the answer that best completes each of the following sentences. Write the letter for that answer
on the line to the left of each question.
_______9. Each energy level of an atom has a maximum number of _____ it can hold.
a.
neutrons
c.
protons
b.
quarks
d.
electrons
_______10. Dot diagrams are used to represent ______________.
a.
the structure of the nucleus
c.
isotopes
b.
atomic number
d.
outer electrons
_______11. Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called _________________.
a.
groups
c.
clusters
b.
families
d.
periods
_______12. Elements in groups 3 through 12 are called __________________.
a.
metalloids
c.
noble gases
b.
transition elements
d.
isotopes
Use complete sentences to answer the following questions.
13. Explain why noble gases are stable.
Their outer energy level is completely full. We call this an octet.
14. List the period and group in which each of these elements is found: potassium,
phosphorous, chlorine, and zinc.
Potassium: period 4, group 1
phosphorus: period 3, group 15
chlorine: period 3, group 17
zinc: period 4, group 12
15. Explain why the periodic table is such a useful tool.
It can tell you properties of atoms by where they are positioned on the table.
16. What is the name of each of the following elements, and classify it as a metal, nonmetal, or
a metalloid: Na, Ba, Ca, La, Ti, Al, As, At, Ar.
Na – sodium, metal
Ba – barium, metal
Ca – calcium, metal
La – lanthanum, metal
Ti – titanium, metal
Al – aluminum, metal
As – arsenic, metalloid
At – astatine, nonmetal
Ar – argon, nonmetal