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Benchmark #3 Study Guide (Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Rocks)
Name the three different types of volcanoes:
a.
b.
c.
Draw each type of volcano.
a.
b.
c.
3)
Which volcanoes are explosive? Which are non-explosive (quiet)?
4)
What instruments are used to predict volcanoes?
5)
What type of plate boundary creates volcanoes?
6)
Where is the San Andreas Fault located?
7)
What is the direction of movement for the San Andreas Fault (which direction do the plates move)?
8)
Explain how islands are formed at hotspots:
9)
What mechanism causes the plates to move (what drives plate tectonics)?
10) What are convection currents?
11) In which layer do convection currents occur in Earth?
12) What are the five layers of the Earth? What is the material each layer is made out of? (Liquid, solid...)
13) Which layer is made of iron and nickel?
14) Where do most earthquakes occur?
15) What type of plate boundary creates earthquakes?
16) What instrument is used to measure earthquakes?
17) What is the Richter scale and what does it measure?
18) What is the Mercalli scale and what does it measure?
19) What are the three types of earthquake waves and what materials do they travel through?
a.
b.
c.
20) How many seismograph stations are needed to determine the epicenter of an earthquake?
21) What is a tsunami and how are they caused?
22) What causes the texture (size of crystals) in igneous rocks?
23) What are the three types of rocks and how are they formed?
a.
b.
c.
24) What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock?
25) Where could you find extrusive igneous rocks?
26) Where could you find intrusive igneous rocks?
27) Where could you find metamorphic rocks?
28) Where could you find sedimentary rocks?
29) What is the rock cycle?
30) Draw and label a diagram of the rock cycle: