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SBI3U:Plant Unit Review
Ch 9 (2nd half), 10, 11, p245-296
Plant Kingdom Overview
-general plant characteristics p245
-plant kingdom classification (see fig. 10.6, p261)
Plant Groups
Non-vascular Plants
Algae:
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Mosses:
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
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characteristics
structure
reproduction: sexual and asexual
p248
structures: gametophyte and sporophyte
alternation of generations (life cycle)
p259
 -diploid sporophyte produces haploid spores by meiosis
 -haploid spores grow into gametophytes which produce haploid
gametes (male and female - egg and sperm)
 -sperm fertilizes egg to produce diploid zygote which becomes
sporophyte
explain how algae, mosses are adapted to life without vascular tissue
Vascular Plants
Ferns:
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structures: gametophyte and sporophyte
alternation of generations.... comparison to mosses
p262
 (dominant stage, photosynthesis, etc)
 presence of vascular tissue and true roots
 be able to compare structures / functions to algae / mosses
 (eg water requirements, roots / rhizoids / holdfast)
Gymnosperms:
 characteristics (seeds, cones, needles, etc)
 almost complete dominance of sporophyte generation (except in cone)
 value, uses of gymnosperms
p266
Angiosperms:
-characteristics (seeds, fruit, flowers)
-almost complete dominance by sporophyte
General plant structures
p281
Tissue types and functions: p282
 vascular- transport & support (xylem and phloem)
 dermal- skin, protection & support
 meristem- growth & division
 ground- storage, photosynthesis, support (fibers)
Flowers:
 structures, function
p268
 Compare monocot and dicot
p272
 pollination, double fertilization
p269
 seed dispersal methods
p270
Roots:
 Structures and functions, vascular cylinder p283/4
 Compare monocot and dicot
 Taproots and fibrous roots
Stems:
 Structures and functions, vascular bundles p285/6
 Compare monocot and dicot
Leaves:
 structures and functions, veins, cuticle
p287
 Photosynthesis (mesophyll)
 Stomata & gas exchange
 Compare monocot and dicot
Transport in plants
(see notes)
 Water transport- xylem, dead cells
 Capillarity- water climbs small tubes
 Transpiration-cohesion theory
o -evaporation, photosynthesis result in water loss and
“vaccuum” in leaf
o -pull of water chain up the xylem (molecules stick together)
 Food transport- phloem, living
 Pressure-flow theory
o (based on sugar concentration and turgor pressure)
Plant growth and response
o Hormones- chemicals that regulate plant growth
p292
 Five types
o Tropisms- the plant response (growth) to hormones or a stimulus
 Can be positive or negative
p295
 Phototropism, geotropism, thigmotropism
Questions: p278 #1-7, 279#2,5, 298 #1-6;2-4