Download 10AB grade 2nd quarter

BIOLOGY
CYTOLOGY
Topic 1: Passive Diffusion
10.
1. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area
of ______ concentration to an area of ______
concentration.
2. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane is called _____________.
3. Which of the following statements is true about
diffusion?
A) It is very rapid over long distances.
B) It requires expenditure of energy by the cell.
C) It is a passive process.
D) It occurs when molecules move from a region of
lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
E) It requires integral proteins of the cell membrane.
4. Explain the following terms:
Hypertonic solution:
Some erythrocyte cells are placed into a liquid that has
a density of 1.1 like figure given above. Density of cells
is 0.9.
a) What will happen to red blood cells?
b) If we place red blood cells into fresh water that has
density of 0.7, what would be the result of experiment?
11. Sucrose cannot pass through the cell membrane,
but water and urea can. Osmosis would cause red
blood cells to shrink the most when immersed in
which of the following solutions?
A) a hypertonic sucrose solution
B) a hypotonic sucrose solution
C) a hypertonic urea solution
D) a hypotonic urea solution
E) pure water
Isotonic Solution:
Hypotonic Solution:
5. The internal solute concentration of a plant cell is
about 0.8 M. To demonstrate plasmolysis it would
be necessary to suspend the cell in what solution?
A) distilled water B) 0.4 M
C) 0.8 M
D) 1.0 M
E) any of the above
6. Sea water is dangerous to drink because____.
A) one cup of sea water contains enough sodium to
poison you
B) sea water is hypertonic to your body tissues and
drinking it will cause you to lose water by osmosis
C) sea water is isotonic to your body fluids and you will
absorb too much water, causing your cells to burst
D) the salt causes hypertension and you will promptly
die of a stroke
E) it contains toxic levels of iodine
7. Match the situation to the description
Situation
Description
a. The solution is above
strength in solute.
12. What can be observed when we add a cell into the
salty water (hypertonic solution)?
13. A hypertonic salt solution has a higher
concentration of solutes than a blood cell. Explain
what happens when a blood cell is placed in a
hypertonic salt solution.
14. Which of the following factors increases rate of
passive transport through the membrane, if the level
of this factor increases?
A) Molecular size
B) Molecular weight
C) Pore number
D) Molecular charge
E) Molecular type
_____
1. Two solutions
are isotonic
_____
2. A solution is
hypertonic
b. The solutions are
the same strenght.
b) ………………………………………………………
_____
3. A solution is
hypotonic
c. the solution is below
strength in solute.
d) ………………………………………………………
17. List 4 factors that affect the rate of passive transport
a) …………………………………………………….
c) ………………………………………………………
Topic 2: Active mechanisms
8. What are the effects of carrier proteins in diffusion?
1. What are the differences of active transport from
passive transport?
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9. If we put a plant cell into distilled water, it will
__________.
A) burst
B) shrink
C) swell
D) sink
E) swim
Date: ____/_____________/ 2011
2. Which of the following enables a cell to pick up
and concentrate a specific kind of molecule?
A) Passive transport
B) Diffusion
C) Osmosis
D) Active transport
E) Exocytosis
Signature: _____________________
BIOLOGY
CYTOLOGY
4. If one cell makes passive diffusion but doesn’t make
active transport, what can be said about this cell?
5. Write three types of endocytosis.
1.
2.
3.
Substrate:
Reactant:
3. What is the effect of biological catalyst on reactions?
4. Give 3 examples to enzymes.
5. If an enzyme is composed of only amino acids, this
enzyme is called ______________.
6. The protein component of a complex enzyme is
known as _______________.
7. Which of the following statements about
enzymes is true?
A) Enzymes raise the activation energy for reactions.
B) Enzymes react with substrates (form chemical
bonds) to form an enzyme-substrate complex, which
irreversibly alters the enzyme.
C) Most enzymes are the chains of amino acids.
D) Only the most efficient enzymes can catalyze
reactions in either direction.
E) The more a reaction is heated, the faster the
enzymes will function.
6. Which of the following cells uses the
phagocytosis more than other cells?
A) Neuron cells
B) Epithelial cells
C) Leucocytes
D) Red Blood cells
E) Muscle cells
7. Name the processes given below.
8. Which of the following environments or actions
does NOT affect enzyme activity?
A) heating the enzyme
B) cooling the enzyme
C) salt concentration
D) pH
E) all of the above can affect enzyme activity.
9. The activity of enzymes is decreased by some
chemicals, called _________.
A) Activators
B) Inhibitors
C) Coenzymes
D) Cofactors
E) Apoenzymes
10. Explain the effect of the temperature over enzyme
activity?
Topic 5: ATP and Metabolic Reactions
1. What is the universal form of energy that is used in
organisms?
2. How do the living things use ATP?
3. How is the extra energy in body deposited?
a)
b)
c)
Topic 3: Metabolism
4. Label each part of the ATP molecule illustrated
below.
1. Name the reactions given below as catabolic or
anabolic.
Protein synthesis
: _________________
Glycogen formation
: _________________
Lipid digestion
: _________________
Photosynthesis
: _________________
Cellular respiration
: _________________
2. How can we measure the energy of food?
3. What is the unit of energy that is used in body?
Topic 4: Enzymes
1. Define the following terms.
Enzyme:
Date: ____/_____________/ 2011
4. Energy is released from ATP when ________.
A) A phosphate group is added.
B) Adenine bonds to ribose.
C) ATP is exposed to sunlight.
D) A phosphate group is removed.
E) Ribose sugar is removed
6. Name the given reactions below.
Protein+ (H2O) n-1
(amino acids) n
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BIOLOGY
CYTOLOGY
Glucose + Glucose
K+ + Cl-
ATP
c) Why did Engelmann use aerobic bacteria in
experiment?
d) Why do aerobic bacteria reproduce very less in
green light?
maltose + H2O
10. Label the parts of Chloroplast.
KCl
ADP + Pi + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy
Amino acid1 + amino acid2 +…aan
Protein+(H2O)n-1
7. What are the important electron acceptors used in
cells?
1. ________ is the ultimate source of energy for all
living things.
11. Chlorophyll molecules are located in which part
of the chloroplast?
A) grana stacks
B) stroma
C) stomata
D) plasma membrane
E) golgi apparatus
3. What is the meaning of Autotrophs?
Topic 7: Photosynthetic Reactions
4. How is the radiant energy that comes from sun
captured by organisms?
1. Photosynthesis consist of two main stages, they are
Topic 6: Photosynthesis

5. Which of the following organisms is an
autotroph?
A) Earthworm
B) Mushroom
C) Monkey
D) Rose
E) Decaying Bacteria
2. Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
3. What is the photolysis?
4. The source of the oxygen produced by
photosynthesis has been identified through experiments
using radioactive tracers. The oxygen comes from
____.
A) carbon dioxide
B) glucose
C) radioisotopes
D) water
E) light
6. Give examples for autotroph and heterotroph
organisms.
8. Complete the following reaction.
Sunlight
6____+ 6CO2

_________+ 6O2
Chlorophyll
9. The figure given below illustrates photosynthesis
experiment of Engelmann which is studied by algae and
aerobic bacteria.
5. The most important role of pigments in
photosynthesis is to _____.
A) capture light energy
B) screen out harmful ultraviolet rays
C) store energy in glucose molecules
D) release energy from glucose molecules
E) store energy in ATP
6. What are the end products of non-cyclic
photophosphorylation?
7. ATP synthesis by light is called ________________
reaction.
9. Where are ATP and NADPH used?
10. What is the source of O2 that is removed during the
non-cyclic photophosphorylation?
Answer the questions according to figure.
a) In which color the level of photosynthesis is the
highest?
b) In which color the level of photosynthesis is the
lowest?
Date: ____/_____________/ 2011
11. What is the role of NADP+ in photosynthesis?
A) It assists chlorophyll in capturing light.
B) It acts as the primary electron acceptor for the
photosystems.
C) As part of the electron transport chain, it
manufactures ATP.
D) It assists photosystem II in the splitting of water.
E) It is reduced and then carries electrons to the Calvin
cycle.
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BIOLOGY
CYTOLOGY
12. Why is the Calvin cycle reactions also called the
light independent reactions?
13. If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant’s
environment, what would you expect to happen to its
production of high energy sugars?
A) More sugars will be produced.
B) Fewer sugars will be produced.
C) The same number of sugars will be produced but
without carbon dioxide.
D) Carbon dioxide does not affect the production of
high energy sugars in plants.
14. Complete the illustration of the overview of
photosynthesis by writing the products and the
reactants of the process, as well as the energy source
that excites the electrons.
15. The Calvin cycle is a series of reactions that
_____.
A) assemble sugar molecules by fixing carbon
B) convert light energy to chemical energy
C) produce oxygen gas
D) produce NADPH
E) all of the above
16. Why is NADP+ needed in photosynthesis?
A) It helps produce ATP from the light reactions.
B) It absorbs light energy.
C) It forms part of photosystem II.
D) It is the primary electron acceptor.
E) It forms NADPH to be used in the Calvin cycle.
18. What are the phases of Calvin’s cycle?
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19. Which enzyme is used in Calvin’s cycle to catch
CO2 from atmosphere?
20. Which of the following molecules is synthesized
at the light phase of photosynthesis?
A) ATP, NADPH2
B) Glucose di phosphate
C) Ribulose di phosphate D) PGA
E) CO2
Date: ____/_____________/ 2011
Signature: _____________________